爱爱小说网 > 体育电子书 > 2006年考研英语最新题型应试指导 >

第4章

2006年考研英语最新题型应试指导-第4章

小说: 2006年考研英语最新题型应试指导 字数: 每页3500字

按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页,按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页,按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部!
————未阅读完?加入书签已便下次继续阅读!



; said Vahid Majidi; another lab scientist。     
    “The technique fills a unique niche;” Majidi said。 “These are prints that would otherwise be useless。 3。                    If you have prints from an adolescent or child; the chemicals in the fingertips are different and don’t stick around long enough for traditional methods。”     
    The new method might also be able to tell if the person that left them handled certain types of bomb…making materials; said George Havrilla; another lab scientist。     
    “This is a new approach to fingerprint visualization;” Havrilla said。 “4。                    ”     
    The technology for scanning the prints is widely available。 What's new is the method the lab has created to see them which includes puter software and ways of manipulating the machinery; Worley said。     
    5。                     “We’ve already had some negative ments on it;” Havrilla said with a laugh。 “One reviewer told us it’s just not practical。 But the goal of our work was to demonstrate that it was feasible to see these things。”     
    [A]We’re lifting prints; but instead of looking at the finger’s natural oils and organic residues we’re looking at elemental features left behind。    
    [B]The method uses a technology called mini…X…ray fluorescence to detect chemical elements in fingerprints without altering them。    
    [C]Range of biometric fingerprint scanners from several panies were tested against these gelatin fingers; all consistently failed to reject the imposter finger。    
    [D]If you have prints on a dark surface; for example; they really don't develop well using normal techniques。    
    [E]But the technique isn’t for everyone。    
    [F]The technology focuses a tight beam of X…rays on surfaces with fingerprints and creates a puter picture out of those scans。    
    [G]Thus; the gelatin fingers even defeated devices that tested for human…normal capacitance; heat and pulse。    
    答案及解析    
    1。 B。本题是在段落的开头,由此可以在前后所给的句子中找出线索,推出文章在此段所应表达的思想。原文第一段告诉我们科学家采用了一种新技术 a new technology, 而此段后半部分引用一位科学家的话对此种新技术进行解释,因而B中的a technology called 正好与前面呼应。    
    2。 F。 本段是独立的一段,可能是总结前文,也可能是引起下文,或是二者兼而有之。上文中多次提到fingerprints; 并且下文开头的The equipment 正是指F中所提到的a puter; 由此判断F项是正确的。    
    3。 D。 本题位于段中,要注意与上下文的衔接,因而需根据上下文才能进行判断,根据下文the fingertips are different 可知此空也在说指纹,并且D项的句型和空格后的句型一致,由此可知D项正确。    
    4。 E。本题是在段落的尾部,并且由上文可知,此题是Havrilla 说的一句话,因此应从他说话的角度选择一句话。而选项中也只有E才是符合逻辑的,因此E项符合要求。    
    5。 A。 本题是原文的倒数第二段,读懂上下文非常重要,因为本段可能是对上文的总结,也可能是承上启下。根据文章我们可知,上文在讲新技术的广泛应用,而最后一段则在讲它的负面评论,因此可知答案应是承上启下的,所以选A。    
    中心思想    
    本文论述了科学家们观察到探测指纹的新方法;采取此新方法的重要意义,以及新技术广泛采用带来的正面及负面影响。    
    译文    
    美国洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的科学家们采用了一种新技术,可以观察到原本很难在物体表面上看见的指纹。     
    参与该科研项目的科学家克里斯托弗?沃尔利说,该方法使用了一种“微X射线束荧光技术”,可以探测到指纹携带的化学成分,却不会改变指纹的保存状态。     
    沃尔利说:“传统的方法是通过常规光线使指纹显示出来,而且要借助粉末等物质,这会改变指纹保存状况。有了这种新方法,你根本用不着改变或处理指纹,我们可以测定指纹所含的化学成分,同时获取指纹图案。”     
    这项技术将一束密集的X光对准留有指纹的物体表面,并根据扫描结果创建出计算机图像。     
    这套设备造价17。5万美元。     
    该实验室的另一位科学家瓦希德?马吉德表示,对那些大实验室来说,这是获取用其他方法看不到的印迹的最好方法。     
    马吉德说:“这项技术填补了一项空白。如果没有这项技术,某些印迹就会变得毫无意义。比如说,如果是深色表面上的指纹,普通技术确实无法精确地探测到它们;如果是青少年或小孩的指纹,他们的指尖留下的化学成分(和成人)是不同的,而且这些指纹附着在物体表面的时间并不久,因此不适宜使用传统的分析方法。”     
    该实验室的另一位科学家乔治?豪夫里洛表示,这种新技术也许还能检测出指纹所有者是否触摸过某些类型的炸弹制造材料。     
    豪夫里洛说:“这是清晰显示指纹的一种新途径。我们查找印迹时不再只观察手指分泌的油脂和残留有机物,而是专注于其背后隐藏的特殊化学成分。”    
     沃尔利指出,扫描印迹的技术目前已被广泛采用。该实验室发明的这种新型指纹探测法的创新之处在于它包含了计算机软件技术和机器操作方法。     
    但是这一技术也并非众人皆宜。     
    豪夫里洛笑着说:“我们已经收到了一些负面评论。一位批评者对我们说它压根不实用。但我们工作的目标是证明这种技术是切实可行的。”    
    


第二部分阅读理解B型题第二节选考题型之二排序题

     此题型要求考生将一组段落排序,使其意思通顺。因此考生在阅读各个段落时要注意把握它们的中心大意,并且将各段的段落大意整合,理清它们之间的逻辑顺序。    
    一、解题技巧    
     ①考生应仔细阅读已经给出的答案,寻找其中的逻辑关系。    
     ②然后阅读选项和原文,确定预选答案的位置    
     ③最后通读全文,确定语篇模式,检查答案是否合理。    
    二、解题方法    
     ①按照大纲样题所给的情况,这种题目往往只要做对四个,那么最后一个答案自然就出来了。    
     ②如果最后剩余两个答案没有做出,而自己又没有太大把握,可以在两个位置均选出其中一个答案,这样至少可以选对一道题。    
     ③在做题时,考生应尽量先确定答案线索比较明确的题目的答案。不用按照题目的顺序答题。    
    Sample Two    
    Directions:    
    The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order。 For Questions 1—5; you are required to recognize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A…G to fill in each numbered box。 The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes。 Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1。 (10 points)    
    一    
    [A] In studies of interpersonal argument; for example; when subjects were asked to deal with contradictory information stemming from conflict between a mother and a daughter or a student and a school; Peng found that Americans were “nonpromising; blaming one side—usually the mother—for the causes of the problems; demanding changes from one side to attain a solution and offering no promise” in dealing with the conflict。    
    [B]Americans wear black for mourning。 Chinese wear white。 Westerners think of dragons as monsters。 Chinese honor them as symbols of God。 Chinese civilization has often shown such polarities with the West; as though each stands at extreme ends of a global string。  Now a University of California; Berkeley; Psychologist has discovered deeper polarities between Chinese and American cultures—polarities that go to the heart of how we reason and discover truth。    
    [C]Dialectical thinking also has a Western version; which Americans often consider the highest; most sophisticated form of reasoning; said Peng。 This type of reasoning allows people to proceed from thesis to antithesis; to synthesis。 In Chinese folk wisdom; by parison; people do not attempt to work through the contradictions; following a cultural tradition which holds that reality is “multilayered; unpredictable and contradictory;” and is in a constant state of change; Peng said。    
    [D]“Americans have a terrible need to find out who is right in an argument。” said Peng。 “The problem is that at the interpersonal level; you really don’t need to find the truth; or may be there isn’t any。” Chinese people; said Peng; are far more content to think that both sides have flaws and virtues; because they have a holistic awareness that life is full of contradictions。 They do far less blaming of the individual than do Americans; he added。    
    [E]“It can hardly be right to move to the middle when you have just read evidence for a less plausible view。 Yet that is what the Chinese subjects did;”said Peng。 He believes that this tendency to find the middle way has hampered Chinese efforts to seek out scientific truth through aggressive argumentation; the classic Western method for forging a linear path through contradictory information; which results in identifying right and wrong answers。    
    [F]His findings go far toward explaining why American cultures seem so contentious and Chinese cultures so passive; when pared to each other。 More importantly; the research opens the way for the peoples of the East and the West to learn from each other in fundamental ways。 The Chinese could learn much from Western methods for determining scientific truth;and Americans could profit enormously from the Chinese tolerance for accepting contradictions in social and personal life。 said Kaiping Peng; a former Beijing scholar; who is now a UC Borkeley assistant professor of psychology。     
    [G]pared to this angry; blaming American stance; the Chinese were paragons of promise; finding fault on both sides and looking for solutions that moved both sides to the middle。 In tests of scientific thinking; however; the Chinese came up short。 Asked to determine which statement was true—whether; for instance; smoking makes people gain or lose weight—Chinese respondents took the middle road; even when they believed one statement to be less true than another。    
         
    答案及解析    
    1。 F。文章开头即指明中西文化宛如地球的两个端点,并讲述了Berkeley 教授关于中西文化差异的观点。[F]部分“His findings”正好与[B]部分的“discovered”相呼应,补充说明Berkeley 教授这一发现的研究意义。    
    2。 D。前文提出了Berkeley 教授的发现后,后3段则通过彭开平对中国人和美国人在人际关系方面的不同态度进行比较分析,对应2段最后一句“the chinese could learn much from Western…in social and personal life”。    
    3。 A。在分析中国人和美国人在处理人际关系方面的不同观点后,作者随即给出一个例子加以说明“In studies of interpersonal argument for example…”与[D]段中提及的interpersonal level 相对应,以此展开中美两国人在此level 上的不同看法。    
    4。 G。上一段举例表明美国人在人际关系中互相指责,第5段话作为对比,显示了中国人的中庸之道。“pared to this angry”承接第4段中“American were nonpromising blaming one side…in dealing with the conflict。”    
    5。 E。第5段中肯定了中国人在处理人际关系中的优势后,作者随即指出其在Scientific thinking 上中庸主义的劣势,从末段中hamper 可看出,作者认为在科学问题上也用中庸这种方法是不行的,因此此段应接第5段后。    
    中心思想    
    本文论述了中美文明在社会关系和科学问题上的差异,美国人在人际关系中比较好斗,而中国人倾向寻求折中的解决方案,在科学问题中,中国人也经常采用中间路线,美国人的直线前进的方法往往可以辨明正确和错误的答案,作者主张生活中采用中国方式,科学上采用美国方式。    
    译文    
    美国人哀悼的时候穿黑衣服,中国人则穿白色衣服。在西方人的眼里龙是怪物,中国人则把龙看作是神的象征;中西方文化宛如地球的两个端点。目前,加利福尼亚大学的心理学教授Berkeley发现中西方文化的差异关键在于推理和发现真理方法的不同。    
    他的发现进一步说明了中西方文化相比较的时候为什么美国文化如此受争议而中国文化如此消极。更重要的是,这个研究开创了中西方相互学习的基本途径,一位前北京学者彭开平(他目前是Berkeley教授心理学的副教授)说,中国可以从西方检验科学真理的方法上学到很多,美国也可以从中国在社会和个人生活方面接受矛盾的忍耐中受益颇多。    
    彭开平说,美国人极需要在争论中找出谁是正确的。问题是在人际关系中,你没有必要去找真理,或许根本就不存在真理。彭开平还

返回目录 上一页 下一页 回到顶部 0 0

你可能喜欢的