心理学与生活-第11章
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MEDIA
SUPPLEMENTS
PROFESSOR
NOTES
The Nature of Psychological
Disorders （p。 467）
Deciding What Is
Abnormal
The Problem of Objectivity
Historical Perspectives
The Etiology of
Psychopathology
DSM…IV…TR
Learning Objectives：
Identify distinguishing
differences between
normal and abnormal
individuals
Discussion Questions：
What if a well…controlled
study showed that
“crazy” people were
more creative； happier；
and lived much longer
than “normal” or ”sane”
people？
Test Bank：
Questions 15。115。164
Practice Tests：
Chapter 15
Study Guide：
Chapter 15
Transparencies：
Dis 02
Dis 03
Discovering Psychology
Videos：
Program 21：
Psychopathology
Program 22：
Psychotherapy
Video： The World of
Abnormal Psychology
Classifying Psychological
Disorders （p。 474）
Goals of Classification
Supplemental Lecture
Materials：
DSM…IV…TR： What is it？
Transparencies：
Dis 01
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 11： Abnormal
Psychology
Major Types of
Psychological Disorders
（p。 477）
Anxiety Disorders： Types
Anxiety Disorders： Causes
Mood Disorders： Types
Mood Disorders： Causes
Gender Differences in
Depression
Suicide
Personality Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Supplemental Lecture
Materials：
Narcissistic Personality
Disorder
Transparencies：
Dis 04
Dis 05
Dis 06
Dis 07
Dis 08
Dis 09
Dis 10
Dis 11
Video： The Mind
Depression
Schizophrenic Disorders
（p。 493）
Major Types of
Schizophrenia
Causes of Schizophrenia
Supplemental Lecture
Materials：
Digging for the Roots of
Schizophrenia
Transparencies：
Dis 12
Dis 13
Dis 14
Video： The Psychopathic
Mind
Video： Schizophrenia： New
Definitions； New Therapies
The Stigma of Mental
Illness （p。 498）
Experiments &
Demonstrations：
Suicide： Intentions and
Acts
Supplemental Lecture
Materials：
Is Mental Illness a Myth？
Study Guide：
Chapter 15
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 11： Abnormal
Psychology
Additional Resources Timeline Interactive Web Site and
panion Web Site at：
ablongman/
gerrig
289
Chapter 16 At…a…Glance
Therapies for Personal Change
DETAILED
OUTLINE
INSTRUCTOR
RESOURCES
SUPPLEMENTS
MEDIA
SUPPLEMENTS
PROFESSOR
NOTES
The Therapeutic Context
（p。 503）
Goals and Major Therapies
Therapists and
Therapeutic Settings
Historical and Cultural
Contexts
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Prefrontal Lobotomies
Test Bank：
Questions 16。116。168
Practice Tests：
Chapter 16
Study Guide：
Chapter 16
Discovering Psychology
Video：
Program 22：
Psychotherapy
Psychodynamic Therapies
（p。 508）
Freudian Psychoanalysis
Neo…Freudian Therapies
Experiments &
Demonstrations：
Clinical Interventions
Transparencies：
Ther 01
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 12： Therapy
Behavior Therapies （p。 512）
Counterconditioning
Contingency Management
Social…Learning Therapy
Generalization Techniques
Discussion Questions：
Is aversion therapy worth
the “price；” in terms of
the physical and
emotional stress that it
may cause？
Transparencies：
Ther 04
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 12： Therapy
Cognitive Therapies （p。 517）
Cognitive Behavior
Modification
Changing False Beliefs
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
The Role of Critical
Thinking in Emotional
Problems
Transparencies：
Ther 03
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 12： Therapy
Existential…Humanistic
Therapies （p。 520）
Client…Centered Therapy
Gestalt Therapy
Experiments &
Demonstrations：
Clinical Interventions
Transparencies：
Ther 02
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 12： Therapy
Group Therapies （p。 523）
Marital and Family
Therapy
munity Support
Groups
Experiments &
Demonstrations：
Clinical Interventions
Study Guide：
Chapter 16
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 12： Therapy
Biomedical Therapies
（p。 525）
Psychosurgery and
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Drug Therapy
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Should Psychologists
Prescribe Medication？
Study Guide：
Chapter 16
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 12： Therapy
Does Therapy Work？
（p。 529）
Evaluating Therapeutic
Effectiveness
Treatment Evaluations
Prevention Strategies
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Why does Therapy
Sometimes Fail？
Transparencies：
Ther 05
Video： Suicide： A Guide
for Prevention
Additional Resources Biographical Profiles：
Albert Ellis
Frederick “Fritz” Perls
Joseph Wolpe
Study Guide：
Chapter 16
Interactive Web Site and
panion Web Site at：
ablongman/
gerrig
315
Chapter 17 At…a…Glance
Social Processes and Relationships
DETAILED
OUTLINE
INSTRUCTOR
RESOURCES
SUPPLEMENTS
MEDIA
SUPPLEMENTS
PROFESSOR
NOTES
The Power of the Situation
（p。 536）
Roles and Rules
Social Norms
Conformity
Situational Power
Learning Objectives：
Explain how
environment and social
factors help determine
how individuals think；
feel； and behave
Discussion Questions：
If all the social norms in a
society exerted social
influence in the same
direction； would there
ever be any dissenters？
Test Bank：
Questions 17。117。154
Practice Tests：
Chapter 17
Study Guide：
Chapter 17
Transparencies：
Soc 07
Soc 08
Discovering Psychology
Video：
Program 17： Sex and
Gender
Program 19： The Power
of the Situation
Video： Conformity and
Independence
Constructing Social Reality
（p。 544）
The Origins of Attribution
Theory
The Fundamental
Attribution Error
Self…Serving Biases
Expectations and Self…
Fulfilling Prophecies
Behaviors that Confirm
Expectations
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Cognitive Dissonance
Establishing Trust
You Only Get One
Chance to Make a First
Impression
Transparencies：
Soc 05
Discovering Psychology
Video：
Program 20：
Constructing Social
Reality
Attitudes； Attitude Change；
and Action （p。 550）
Attitudes and Behaviors
Processes of Persuasion
Persuasion by Your Own
Actions
pliance
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Cognitive Dissonance
Transparencies：
Soc 01
Soc 02
Soc 03
Soc 04
Soc 06
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 13： Social
Psychology
Social Relationships （p。 558）
Liking
Loving
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Establishing Trust
You Only Get One
Chance to Make a First
Impression
Transparencies：
Soc 13
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 13： Social
Psychology
Additional Resources Biological Profiles：
Solomon Asch
Kurt Lewin
Timeline
Interactive Web Site and
panion Web Site at：
ablongman/
gerrig
335
Chapter 18 At…a…Glance
Social Psychology； Society； and Culture
DETAILED
OUTLINE
INSTRUCTOR
RESOURCES
SUPPLEMENTS
MEDIA
SUPPLEMENTS
PROFESSOR
NOTES
Altruism and Prosocial
Behavior （p。 566）
The Roots of Altruism
Motives for Prosocial
Behavior
The Effects of the Situation
on Prosocial Behavior
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
In…Groups； Out…Groups；
and Group…Think
Test Bank：
Questions 18。118。154
Practice Tests：
Chapter 18
Study Guide：
Chapter 18
Transparencies：
Soc 11
Soc 12
Discovering Psychology
Video：
Program 26： Cultural
Psychology
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 13： Social
Psychology
Aggression （p。 571）
Evolutionary Perspectives
Individual Differences
Situational Influences
Cultural Constraints
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Cults
Video： Insights into
Violence
Prejudice （p。 578）
Origins of Prejudice
Effects of Stereotypes
Reversing Prejudice
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Prejudice
Suggestions for Reducing
Racism
Overt Racism
Covert Racism
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 13： Social
Psychology
The Psychology of Conflict
and Peace （p。 583）
Obedience to Authority
The Psychology of
Genocide and War
Peace Psychology
Learning Objectives：
Demonstrate knowledge
of the tenets of
environmental
psychology。
Discussion Questions：
Discuss the promise that
social psychology and
psychology in general
hold for improving our
world
Transparencies：
Soc 09
Soc 10
Additional Resources Biological Profiles
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Muzafer Sherif
Interactive Web Site and
panion Web Site at：
ablongman/
gerrig
357
CHAPTER 1
The Science of Psychology in Your Life
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
On pletion of this chapter； students should be able to：
1。 Explain why the study of psychology is important
2。 Define what Psychology is and identify what topics psychologists address
3。 Define Behavior and the methods psychologists use to study it
4。 Explain psychology’s relationship to sociology and social； biological； cognitive； and health
sciences
5。 Identify the goals of psychology （To Describe； Explain； Predict； and Control behavior。 And； for the
applied psychologist； to use this knowledge to improve the quality of human life）
6。 Briefly explicate the historical development of modern psychology
7。 Define structuralism and functionalism； and the conflict between these peting views
8。 Describe the conceptual approaches that dominate contemporary psychology （Biological；
Psychodynamic； Behavioristic； Humanistic； Cognitive； Evolutionary； and Cultural）
9。 Understand how social and technological changes influence the questions asked and research
methods used by psychologists
CHAPTER OUTLINE
I。 The Main Purposes of Psychology and Life； 16th Edition
A。 To guide you on an empirically rigorous journey through the intricacies of your human experience；
to give you greater control over the forces that shape your life
II。What Makes Psychology Unique？
A。 Basic Definitions
1。 Psychology： The scientific study of the behavior of individuals and their mental
processes
2。 The Scientific Method： The scientific method consists of a set of orderly steps
used to analyze and solve problems
3。 Behavior： The means and actions by which organisms； including both animals
and humans； adjust to their environment
4。 Mental Processes： The private； internal workings of the human mind
B。 The Goals of Psychology
1。 The goals of the psychologist conducting basic research are to Describe；
Explain； Predict； and Control behavior。 Applied psychologists have a fifth
goal； to improve the quality of human life。
2
CHAPTER 1： THE SCIENCE OF PSYCHOLOGY IN YOUR LIFE
2。 Describing Behavior： The first task of the psychologist is to make accurate
observations about behavior
a） In collecting behavioral data； which are reports of observations about
the behavior of organisms and the conditions under which the
behavior occurs； psychologists must ensure objectivity and choose an
appropriate level of analysis
b） Level of analysis refers to whether the observations concern broad；
general and global aspects or whether the observations concern
minute details of the object under study
c） Objectivity refers to a desire to collect facts as they really exist； not as
we hope them to exist。 Objectivity helps ensure that subjective personal
biases； prejudices； and expectations do not disto
