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建立世界贸易组织的协议 (中英文-第2章

小说: 建立世界贸易组织的协议 (中英文 字数: 每页3500字

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引用本条第1款。 
  3.本条第1款适用于一个成员和另一个按第十二条加入的成员,如果不同意适用的一方,在部长会议批准加入条件之前,通知部长会议互不适用。 
  4.在特殊情况下,部长会议可以根据任何一成员的要求,来审议本条的执行情况并提出适当建议。
  5.诸边贸易协议成员之间的互不适用,从该协议规定。
 
          第十四条 接受、生效和保存
 
  1.本协议供那些按照本协议第十一条有资格成为WTO创始成员的1947年关贸总协定缔约方和欧洲共同体以签字或其他方式接受。这种接受适用于本协议及所附的多边贸易协议。本协议及所附的多边贸易协议的生效日期,由部长们根据《乌拉圭回合多边贸易谈判结果最后文件》第三条作出决定。除部长们另有决定外,本协议及所附的多边贸易协议生效后两年内继续开放供接受。本协议生效后的接受,应在该接受后第30天生效。 
  2.本协议生效后接受本协议的成员,对于那些自本协议生效时起尚需一定时期才履行的多边贸易协议中的减让和义务,应如同该成员在本协议生效时接受本协议一样,履行这些减让和义务。 
  3.本协议生效时,本协议及多边贸易协议之文本,应交1947年关贸总协定缔约方全体的总干事保存,总干事应向业已接受本协议的各政府及欧洲共同体。提供经审核无误的本协议和多边贸易协议副本,以及对其接受的通知书。 
  4.诸边贸易协议的生效及接受,从这些协议的规定。这些协议应由1947年关贸总协定缔约方全体的总干事保存。本协议生效时,这些协议应由WTO的总干事保存。 
               第十五条 退出
 
  1.任何成员可退出本协议。该退出适用于本协议和多边贸易协议,并自WTO总干事收到书面退出通知之日起6个月期满时生效。 
  2.诸边贸易协议的退出,从这些协议的规定。
 
              第十六条 其他规定
 
  1.除本协议或多边贸易协议另有规定外,WTO应当接受1947年关贸总协定缔约方全体以及该协议框架内各机构所遵循的决定、程序和惯例的指导。 
  2.从实际出发,1947年关贸总协定的秘书处应成为WTO的秘书处,1947年关贸总协定缔约方全体的总干事,直到部长会议按照本协议第六条第2款的规定任命其总干事之前,应当作为WTO的总干事。 
  3.当本协议的规定与多边贸易协议的规定发生冲突时,应以本协议的规定为准。 
  4.每一成员应当保证其法律、规则和行政程序,与所附各协议中的义务相一致。
  5.不得对本协议的任何规定提出保留。对多边贸易协议任何条款的保留,仅以这些协议之规定为限。有关诸边贸易协议的保留,从这些协议的规定。 
  6.本协议应当按照《联合国宪章》第一百零二条的规定予以登记。 
  1994年4月15日订于马拉喀什,英文、法文和西班牙文各有一文本,每个文本均有同等效力。
 
  说 明
 
  本协议和多边贸易协议中所称“国家”或“若干国家”,应理解为包括任何WTO单独关税地区成员。 
  在WTO单独关税地区成员的情况下,本协议和多边贸易协议中“国家的(‘国民的’)”一词,除非另有规定,应理解为与单独关税地区相关。
 
  附件清单 

  附件一 (1)多边货物贸易协议

  1994年关税与贸易总协定 
  农产品协议 
  实施动植物卫生检疫措施的协议 
  纺织品与服装协议 
  技术性贸易壁垒协议 
  与贸易有关的投资措施协议 
  关于履行1994年关税与贸易总协定第六条的协议 
  关于履行1994年关税与贸易总协定第七条的协议 
  装运前检验协议
  原产地规则协议 
  进口许可程序协议 
  补贴与反补贴措施协议 
  保障措施协议 
  附件一 (2)服务贸易总协定及其各附件 
  附件一 (3)与贸易有关的知识产权协定 
  附件二  关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解 
  附件三 贸易政策审议机制
  附件四 诸边贸易协议 
  民用航空器贸易协议 
  政府采购协议 
  国际奶制品协议 
  国际牛肉协议 


建立世界贸易组织的协议(英文版)

AGREEMENT ESTABLISHING THE
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION


The Parties to this Agreement;

Recognizing that their relations in the field of trade and economic endeavour should be conducted with a view to raising standards of living; ensuring full employment and a large and steadily growing volume of real ine and effective demand; and expanding the production of and trade in goods and services; while allowing for the optimal use of the world''s resources in accordance with the objective of sustainable development; seeking both to protect and preserve the environment and to enhance the means for doing so in a manner consistent with their respective needs and concerns at different levels of economic development;

Recognizing further that there is need for positive efforts designed to ensure that developing countries; and especially the least developed among them; secure a share in the growth in international trade mensurate with the needs of their economic development;

Being desirous of contributing to these objectives by entering into reciprocal and mutually advantageous arrangements directed to the substantial reduction of tariffs and other barriers to trade and to the elimination of discriminatory treatment in international trade relations;

Resolved; therefore; to develop an integrated; more viable and durable multilateral trading system enpassing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; the results of past trade liberalization efforts; and all of the results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations;

Determined to preserve the basic principles and to further the objectives underlying this multilateral trading system;

Agree as follows:


Article I

Establishment of the Organization

The World Trade Organization (hereinafter referred to as 〃the WTO〃) is hereby established。


Article II

Scope of the WTO

1。 The WTO shall provide the mon institutional framework for the conduct of trade relations among its Members in matters related to the agreements and associated legal instruments included in the Annexes to this Agreement。

2。 The agreements and associated legal instruments included in Annexes 1; 2 and 3 (hereinafter referred to as 〃Multilateral Trade Agreements〃) are integral parts of this Agreement; binding on all Members。

3。 The agreements and associated legal instruments included in Annex 4 (hereinafter referred to as 〃Plurilateral Trade Agreements〃) are also part of this Agreement for those Members that have accepted them; and are binding on those Members。 The Plurilateral Trade Agreements do not create either obligations or rights for Members that have not accepted them。

4。 The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 as specified in Annex 1A (hereinafter referred to as 〃GATT 1994〃) is legally distinct from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; dated 30 October 1947; annexed to the Final Act Adopted at the Conclusion of the Second Session of the Preparatory mittee of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment; as subsequently rectified; amended or modified (hereinafter referred to as 〃GATT 1947〃)。


Article III

Functions of the WTO

1。 The WTO shall facilitate the implementation; administration and operation; and further the objectives; of this Agreement and of the Multilateral Trade Agreements; and shall also provide the framework for the implementation; administration and operation of the Plurilateral Trade Agreements。

2。 The WTO shall provide the forum for negotiations among its Members concerning their multilateral trade relations in matters dealt with under the agreements in the Annexes to this Agreement。 The WTO may also provide a forum for further negotiations among its Members concerning their multilateral trade relations; and a framework for the implementation of the results of such negotiations; as may be decided by the Ministerial Conference。

3。 The WTO shall administer the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (hereinafter referred to as the 〃Dispute Settlement Understanding〃 or 〃DSU〃) in Annex 2 to this Agreement。

4。 The WTO shall administer the Trade Policy Review Mechanism (hereinafter referred to as the 〃TPRM〃) provided for in Annex 3 to this Agreement。

5。 With a view to achieving greater coherence in global economic policy…making; the WTO shall cooperate; as appropriate; with the International Monetary Fund and with the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and its affiliated agencies。


Article IV

Structure of the WTO

1。 There shall be a Ministerial Conference posed of representatives of all the Members; which shall meet at least once every two years。 The Ministerial Conference shall carry out the functions of the WTO and take actions necessary to this effect。 The Ministerial Conference shall have the authority to take decisions on all matters under any of the Multilateral Trade Agreements; if so requested by a Member; in accordance with the specific requirements for decision…making in this Agreement and in the relevant Multilateral Trade Agreement。

2。 There shall be a General Council posed of representatives of all the Members; which shall meet as appropriate。 In the intervals between meetings of the Ministerial Conference; its functions shall be conducted by the General Council。 The General Council shall also carry out the functions assigned to it by this Agreement。 The General Council shall establish its rules of procedure and approve the rules of procedure for the mittees provided for in paragraph 7。

3。 The General Council shall convene as appropriate to discharge the responsibilities of the Dispute Settlement Body provided for in the Dispute Settlement Understanding。 The Dispute Settlement Body may have its own chairman and shall establish such rules of procedure as it deems necessary for the fulfilment of those responsibilities。

4。 The General Council shall convene as appropriate to discharge the responsibilities of the Trade Policy Review Body provided for in the TPRM。 The Trade Policy Review Body may have its own chairman and shall establish such rules of procedure as it deems necessary for the fulfilment of those responsibilities。

5。 There shall be a Council for Trade in Goods; a Council for Trade in Services and a Council for Trade…Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter referred to as the 〃Council for TRIPS〃); which shall operate under the general guidance of the General Council。 The Council for Trade in Goods shall oversee the functioning of the Multilateral Trade Agreements in Annex 1A。 The Council for Trade in Services shall oversee the functioning of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (hereinafter referred to as 〃GATS〃)。 The Council for TRIPS shall oversee the functioning of the Agreement on Trade…Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter referred to as the 〃Agreement on TRIPS〃)。 These Councils shall carry out the functions assigned to them by their respective agreements and by the General Council。 They shall establish their respective rules of procedure subject to the approval of the General Council。 Membership in these Councils shall be open to representatives of all Members。 These Councils shall meet as necessary to carry out their functions。

6。 The Council for Trade in Goods; the Council for Trade in Services and the Council for TRIPS shall establish subsidiary bodies as required。 These subsidiary bodies shall establish their respective rules of procedure subject to the approval of their respective Councils。

7。 The Ministerial Conference shall establish a mittee on Trade and Development; a mittee on Balance…of…Payments Restrictions and a mittee on Budget; Finance and Administration; which shall carry out the functions assigned to them by this Agreement and by the Multilateral Trade Agreements; and any additional functions assigned to them by the General Council; and may establish such additional mittees with such functions as it may deem appropriate。

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