建立世界贸易组织的协议 (中英文-第4章

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e　Members　that　any　amendment　made　effective　under　the　preceding　provision　is　of　such　a　nature　that　any　Member　which　has　not　accepted　it　within　a　period　specified　by　the　Ministerial　Conference　in　each　case　shall　be　free　to　withdraw　from　the　WTO　or　to　remain　a　Member　with　the　consent　of　the　Ministerial　Conference。　Amendments　to　Parts　IV；　V　and　VI　of　GATS　and　the　respective　annexes　shall　take　effect　for　all　Members　upon　acceptance　by　two　thirds　of　the　Members。

6。　Notwithstanding　the　other　provisions　of　this　Article；　amendments　to　the　Agreement　on　TRIPS　meeting　the　requirements　of　paragraph　2　of　Article　71　thereof　may　be　adopted　by　the　Ministerial　Conference　without　further　formal　acceptance　process。

7。　Any　Member　accepting　an　amendment　to　this　Agreement　or　to　a　Multilateral　Trade　Agreement　in　Annex　1　shall　deposit　an　instrument　of　acceptance　with　the　Director…General　of　the　WTO　within　the　period　of　acceptance　specified　by　the　Ministerial　Conference。

8。　Any　Member　of　the　WTO　may　initiate　a　proposal　to　amend　the　provisions　of　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　in　Annexes　2　and　3　by　submitting　such　proposal　to　the　Ministerial　Conference。　The　decision　to　approve　amendments　to　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreement　in　Annex　2　shall　be　made　by　consensus　and　these　amendments　shall　take　effect　for　all　Members　upon　approval　by　the　Ministerial　Conference。　Decisions　to　approve　amendments　to　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreement　in　Annex　3　shall　take　effect　for　all　Members　upon　approval　by　the　Ministerial　Conference。

9。　The　Ministerial　Conference；　upon　the　request　of　the　Members　parties　to　a　trade　agreement；　may　decide　exclusively　by　consensus　to　add　that　agreement　to　Annex　4。　The　Ministerial　Conference；　upon　the　request　of　the　Members　parties　to　a　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreement；　may　decide　to　delete　that　Agreement　from　Annex　4。

10。　Amendments　to　a　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreement　shall　be　governed　by　the　provisions　of　that　Agreement。


Article　XI

Original　Membership

1。　The　contracting　parties　to　GATT　1947　as　of　the　date　of　entry　into　force　of　this　Agreement；　and　the　European　munities；　which　accept　this　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　and　for　which　Schedules　of　Concessions　and　mitments　are　annexed　to　GATT　1994　and　for　which　Schedules　of　Specific　mitments　are　annexed　to　GATS　shall　bee　original　Members　of　the　WTO。

2。　The　least…developed　countries　recognized　as　such　by　the　United　Nations　will　only　be　required　to　undertake　mitments　and　concessions　to　the　extent　consistent　with　their　individual　development；　financial　and　trade　needs　or　their　administrative　and　institutional　capabilities。


Article　XII

Accession

1。　Any　State　or　separate　customs　territory　possessing　full　autonomy　in　the　conduct　of　its　external　mercial　relations　and　of　the　other　matters　provided　for　in　this　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　may　accede　to　this　Agreement；　on　terms　to　be　agreed　between　it　and　the　WTO。　Such　accession　shall　apply　to　this　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　annexed　thereto。

2。　Decisions　on　accession　shall　be　taken　by　the　Ministerial　Conference。　The　Ministerial　Conference　shall　approve　the　agreement　on　the　terms　of　accession　by　a　two…thirds　majority　of　the　Members　of　the　WTO。

3。　Accession　to　a　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreement　shall　be　governed　by　the　provisions　of　that　Agreement。


Article　XIII

Non…Application　of　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements
between　Particular　Members

1。　This　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　in　Annexes　1　and　2　shall　not　apply　as　between　any　Member　and　any　other　Member　if　either　of　the　Members；　at　the　time　either　bees　a　Member；　does　not　consent　to　such　application。

2。　Paragraph　1　may　be　invoked　between　original　Members　of　the　WTO　which　were　contracting　parties　to　GATT　1947　only　where　Article　XXXV　of　that　Agreement　had　been　invoked　earlier　and　was　effective　as　between　those　contracting　parties　at　the　time　of　entry　into　force　for　them　of　this　Agreement。

3。　Paragraph　1　shall　apply　between　a　Member　and　another　Member　which　has　acceded　under　Article　XII　only　if　the　Member　not　consenting　to　the　application　has　so　notified　the　Ministerial　Conference　before　the　approval　of　the　agreement　on　the　terms　of　accession　by　the　Ministerial　Conference。

4。　The　Ministerial　Conference　may　review　the　operation　of　this　Article　in　particular　cases　at　the　request　of　any　Member　and　make　appropriate　remendations。

5。　Non…application　of　a　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreement　between　parties　to　that　Agreement　shall　be　governed　by　the　provisions　of　that　Agreement。


Article　XIV

Acceptance；　Entry　into　Force　and　Deposit

1。　This　Agreement　shall　be　open　for　acceptance；　by　signature　or　otherwise；　by　contracting　parties　to　GATT　1947；　and　the　European　munities；　which　are　eligible　to　bee　original　Members　of　the　WTO　in　accordance　with　Article　XI　of　this　Agreement。　Such　acceptance　shall　apply　to　this　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　annexed　hereto。　This　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　annexed　hereto　shall　enter　into　force　on　the　date　determined　by　Ministers　in　accordance　with　paragraph　3　of　the　Final　Act　Embodying　the　Results　of　the　Uruguay　Round　of　Multilateral　Trade　Negotiations　and　shall　remain　open　for　acceptance　for　a　period　of　two　years　following　that　date　unless　the　Ministers　decide　otherwise。　An　acceptance　following　the　entry　into　force　of　this　Agreement　shall　enter　into　force　on　the　30th　day　following　the　date　of　such　acceptance。

2。　A　Member　which　accepts　this　Agreement　after　its　entry　into　force　shall　implement　those　concessions　and　obligations　in　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　that　are　to　be　implemented　over　a　period　of　time　starting　with　the　entry　into　force　of　this　Agreement　as　if　it　had　accepted　this　Agreement　on　the　date　of　its　entry　into　force。

3。　Until　the　entry　into　force　of　this　Agreement；　the　text　of　this　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　shall　be　deposited　with　the　Director…General　to　the　CONTRACTING　PARTIES　to　GATT　1947。　The　Director…General　shall　promptly　furnish　a　certified　true　copy　of　this　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements；　and　a　notification　of　each　acceptance　thereof；　to　each　government　and　the　European　munities　having　accepted　this　Agreement。　This　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements；　and　any　amendments　thereto；　shall；　upon　the　entry　into　force　of　this　Agreement；　be　deposited　with　the　Director…General　of　the　WTO。

4。　The　acceptance　and　entry　into　force　of　a　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreement　shall　be　governed　by　the　provisions　of　that　Agreement。　Such　Agreements　shall　be　deposited　with　the　Director…General　to　the　CONTRACTING　PARTIES　to　GATT　1947。　Upon　the　entry　into　force　of　this　Agreement；　such　Agreements　shall　be　deposited　with　the　Director…General　of　the　WTO。


Article　XV

Withdrawal

1。　Any　Member　may　withdraw　from　this　Agreement。　Such　withdrawal　shall　apply　both　to　this　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　and　shall　take　effect　upon　the　expiration　of　six　months　from　the　date　on　which　written　notice　of　withdrawal　is　received　by　the　Director…General　of　the　WTO。

2。　Withdrawal　from　a　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreement　shall　be　governed　by　the　provisions　of　that　Agreement。


Article　XVI

Miscellaneous　Provisions

1。　Except　as　otherwise　provided　under　this　Agreement　or　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements；　the　WTO　shall　be　guided　by　the　decisions；　procedures　and　customary　practices　followed　by　the　CONTRACTING　PARTIES　to　GATT　1947　and　the　bodies　established　in　the　framework　of　GATT　1947。

2。　To　the　extent　practicable；　the　Secretariat　of　GATT　1947　shall　bee　the　Secretariat　of　the　WTO；　and　the　Director…General　to　the　CONTRACTING　PARTIES　to　GATT　1947；　until　such　time　as　the　Ministerial　Conference　has　appointed　a　Director…General　in　accordance　with　paragraph　2　of　Article　VI　of　this　Agreement；　shall　serve　as　Director…General　of　the　WTO。

3。　In　the　event　of　a　conflict　between　a　provision　of　this　Agreement　and　a　provision　of　any　of　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements；　the　provision　of　this　Agreement　shall　prevail　to　the　extent　of　the　conflict。

4。　Each　Member　shall　ensure　the　conformity　of　its　laws；　regulations　and　administrative　procedures　with　its　obligations　as　provided　in　the　annexed　Agreements。

5。　No　reservations　may　be　made　in　respect　of　any　provision　of　this　Agreement。　Reservations　in　respect　of　any　of　the　provisions　of　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　may　only　be　made　to　the　extent　provided　for　in　those　Agreements。　Reservations　in　respect　of　a　provision　of　a　Plurilateral　Trade　Agreement　shall　be　governed　by　the　provisions　of　that　Agreement。

6。　This　Agreement　shall　be　registered　in　accordance　with　the　provisions　of　Article　102　of　the　Charter　of　the　United　Nations。


DONE　at　Marrakesh　this　fifteenth　day　of　April　one　thousand　nine　hundred　and　ninety…four；　in　a　single　copy；　in　the　English；　French　and　Spanish　languages；　each　text　being　authentic。

Explanatory　Notes：

The　terms　〃country〃　or　〃countries〃　as　used　in　this　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　are　to　be　understood　to　include　any　separate　customs　territory　Member　of　the　WTO。

In　the　case　of　a　separate　customs　territory　Member　of　the　WTO；　where　an　expression　in　this　Agreement　and　the　Multilateral　Trade　Agreements　is　qualified　by　the　term　〃national〃；　such　expression　shall　be　read　as　pertaining　to　that　customs　territory；　unless　otherwise　specified。

LIST　OF　ANNEXES


ANNEX　1


ANNEX　1A：　Multilateral　Agreements　on　Trade　in　Goods

General　Agreement　on　Tariffs　and　Trade　1994
Agreement　on　Agriculture
Agreement　on　the　Application　of　Sanitary　and　Phytosanitary　Measures
Agreement　on　Textiles　and　Clothing
Agreement　on　Technical　Barriers　to　Trade
Agreement　on　Trade…Related　Investment　Measures
Agreement　on　Implementation　of　Article　VI　of　the　General　Agreement　on　Tariffs　and　Trade　1994
Agreement　on　Implementation　of　Article　VII　of　the　General　Agreement　on　Tariffs　and　Trade　1994
Agreement　on　Preshipment　Inspection
Agreement　on　Rules　of　Origin
Agreement　on　Import　Licensing　Procedures
Agreement　on　Subsidies　and　Countervailing　Measures
Agreement　on　Safeguards

ANNEX　1B：　General　Agreement　on　Trade　in　Services　and　Annexes

ANNEX　1C：　Agreement　on　Trade…Related　Aspects　of　Intellectual　Property　Rights


ANNEX　2


Understanding　on　Rules　and　Procedures　Governing　the　Settlement　of　Disputes


ANNEX　3


Trade　Policy　Review　Mechanism


ANNEX　4


Plurilateral　Trade　Agreements

Agreement　on　Trade　in　Civil　Aircraft
Agreement　on　Government　Procurement
International　Dairy　Agreement
International　Bovine　Meat　Agreement