the memoirs of marie antoinette-第15章
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While Louis XV。 reigned； the enemies of Marie Antoinette made no attempt to change public opinion with regard to her。 She was always popular with the French people in general； and particularly with the inhabitants of Paris； who went on every opportunity to Versailles； the majority of them attracted solely by the pleasure of seeing her。 The courtiers did not fully enter into the popular enthusiasm which the Dauphiness had inspired； the disgrace of the Duc de Choiseul had removed her real support from her； and the party which had the ascendency at Court since the exile of that minister was； politically； as much opposed to her family as to herself。 The Dauphiness was therefore surrounded by enemies at Versailles。
Nevertheless everybody appeared outwardly desirous to please her； for the age of Louis XV。； and the apathetic character of the Dauphin； sufficiently warned courtiers of the important part reserved for the Princess during the following reign； in case the Dauphin should become attached to her。
CHAPTER IV。
About the beginning of May； 1774； Louis XV。； the strength of whose constitution had promised a long enough life； was attacked by confluent smallpox of the worst kind。 Mesdames at this juncture inspired the Dauphiness with a feeling of respect and attachment； of which she gave them repeated proofs when she ascended the throne。 In fact； nothing was more admirable nor more affecting than the courage with which they braved that most horrible disease。 The air of the palace was infected； more than fifty persons took the smallpox； in consequence of having merely loitered in the galleries of Versailles； and ten died of it。
The end of the monarch was approaching。 His reign； peaceful in general； had inherited strength from the power of his predecessor； on the other hand； his own weakness had been preparing misfortune for whoever should reign after him。 The scene was about to change； hope； ambition； joy； grief； and all those feelings which variously affected the hearts of the courtiers； sought in vain to disguise themselves under a calm exterior。 It was easy to detect the different motives which induced them every moment to repeat to every one the question： 〃How is the King？〃 At length； on the 10th of May； 1774； the mortal career of Louis XV。 terminated。
＇Christopher de Beaumont； Archbishop of Paris； the ardent apostle of frequent communion； arrived at Paris with the intention of soliciting； in public； the administration of the sacrament to the King； and secretly retarding it as much as possible。 The ceremony could not take place without the previous and public expulsion of the； concubine； according to the canons of the Church and the Jesuitical party； of which Christopher was the leader。 This party； which had made use of Madame du Barry to suppress the Parliaments； to support the Duc d'Aiguillon； and ruin the Choiseul faction； could not willingly consent to disgrace her canonically。 The Archbishop went into the King's bedchamber； and found there Madame Adelaide； the Duc d'Aumont； the Bishop of Senlis； and Richelieu； in whose presence he resolved not to say one word about confession for that day。 This reticence so encouraged Louis XV。 that； on the Archbishop withdrawing； he had Madame du Barry called in； and kissed her beautiful hands again with his wonted affection。 On the 2d of May the King found himself a little better。 Madame du Barry had brought him two confidential physicians； Lorry and Borden； who were enjoined to conceal the nature of his sickness from him in order to keep off the priests and save her from a humiliating dismissal。 The King's improvement allowed Madame du Barry to divert him by her usual playfulness and conversation。 But La Martiniere； who was of the Choiseul party； and to whom they durst not refuse his right of entry； did not conceal from the King either the nature or the danger of his sickness。 The King then sent for Madame du Barry； and said to her： 〃My love； I have got the smallpox； and my illness is very dangerous on account of my age and other disorders。 I ought not to forget that I am the most Christian King； and the eldest son of the Church。 I am sixty…four； the time is perhaps approaching when we must separate。 I wish to prevent a scene like that of Metz。〃 （when； in 1744； he had dismissed the Duchesse de Chateauroux。） 〃Apprise the Duc d'Aiguillon of what I say； that he may arrange with you if my sickness grows worse； so that we may part without any publicity。〃 The Jansenists and the Duc de Choiseurs party publicly said that M。 d'Aiguillon and the Archbishop had resolved to let the King die without receiving the sacrament rather than disturb Madame du Barry。 Annoyed by their remarks； Beaumont determined to go and reside at the Lazaristes； his house at Versailles； to avail himself of the King's last moments； and sacrifice Madame du Barry when the monarch's condition should become desperate。 He arrived on the 3d of May； but did not see the King。 Under existing circumstances； his object was to humble the enemies of his party and to support the favourite who had assisted to overcome them。
A contrary zeal animated the Bishop of Carcassonne； who urged that 〃the King ought to receive the sacrament； and by expelling the concubine to give an example of repentance to France and Christian Europe； which he had scandalised。〃〃 By what right；〃 said Cardinal de la Roche…Aymon； a complaisant courtier with whom the Bishop was at daggers drawn； 〃do you instruct me？〃〃There is my authority；〃 replied the Bishop； holding up his pectoral cross。 〃Learn； monseigneur； to respect it； and do not suffer your King to die without the sacraments of the Church； of which he is the eldest son。〃 The Duc d'Aiguillon and the Archbishop； who witnessed the discussion； put an end to it by asking for the King's orders relative to Madame du Barry。 〃She must be taken quietly to your seat at Ruelle；〃 said the King； 〃I shall be grateful for the care Madame d'Aiguillon may take of her。〃
Madame du Barry saw the King again for a moment on the evening of the 4th； and promised to return to Court upon his recovery。 She was scarcely gone when the King asked for her。 〃She is gone；〃 was the answer。 From that moment the disorder gained ground； he thought himself a dead man； without the possibility of recovery。 The 5th and 6th passed without a word of confession； viaticum； or extreme unction。 The Duc de Fronsac threatened to throw the Cure of Versailles out of the window if he dared to mention them； but on the 7th； at three in the morning； the King imperatively called for the Abbe Maudous。 Confession lasted seventeen minutes。 The Ducs de la Vrillilere and d'Aiguillon wished to delay the viaticum； but La Martiniere said to the King： 〃Sire； I have seen your Majesty in very trying circumstances； but never admired you as I have done to…day。 No doubt your Majesty will immediately finish what you have so well begun。〃 The King had his confessor Maudoua called back； this was a poor priest who had been placed about him for some years before because he was old and blind。 He gave him absolution。
The formal renunciation desired by the Choiseul party； in order to humble and annihilate Madame du Barry with solemnity； was no more mentioned。 The grand almoner； in concert with the Archbishop； composed this formula； pronounced in presence of the viaticum： 〃Although the King owes an account of his conduct to none but God； he declares his repentance at having scandalised his subjects； and is desirous to live solely for the maintenance of religion and the happiness of his people。〃
On the 8th and 9th the disorder grew worse； and the King beheld the whole surface of his body coming off piecemeal and corrupted。 Deserted by his friends and by that crowd of courtiers which had so long cringed before him； his only consolation was the piety of his daughters。SOULAVIE； 〃Historical and Political Memoirs；〃 vol。 i。＇
The Comtesse du Barry had； a few days previously； withdrawn to Ruelle； to the Duc d'Aiguillon's。 Twelve or fifteen persons belonging to the Court thought it their duty to visit her there； their liveries were observed； and these visits were for a long time grounds for disfavour。 More than six years after the King's death one of these persons being spoken of in the circle of the royal family； I heard it remarked； 〃That was one of the fifteen Ruelle carriages。〃
The whole Court went to the Chateau； the oiel…de boeuf was filled with courtiers； and the palace with the inquisitive。 The Dauphin had settled that he would depart with the royal family the moment the King should breathe his last sigh。 But on such an occasion decency forbade that positive orders for departure should be passed from mouth to mouth。 The heads of the stables； therefore； agreed with the people who were in the King's room； that the latter should place a lighted taper near a window； and that at the instant of the King's decease one of them should extinguish it。
The taper was extinguished。 On this signal the Body Guards； pages； and equerries mounted on horseback； and all was ready for setting off。 The Dauphin was with the Dauphiness。 They were expecting together the intelligence of the death of Louis XV。 A dreadful noise； absolutely like thunder； was heard in the outer apartment； it was the crowd of courtiers who were deserting the dead sovereign's antechamber； to come and do homage to the new power of Louis XVI。 This extraordinary tumult informed Marie Antoinette and her husband that they were called to the throne； and； by a spontaneous movement； which deeply affected those around them； they threw themselves on their knees； both； pouring forth a flood of tears； exclaimed： 〃O God！ guide us； protect us； we are too young to reign。〃
The Comtesse de Noailles entered； and was the first to salute Marie Antoinette as Queen of France。 She requested their Majesties to condescend to quit the inner apartments for the grand salon； to receive the Princes and all the great officers； who were desirous to do homage to their new sovereigns。 Marie Antoinette received these first visits leaning upon her husband； with her handkerchief held to her eyes； the carriages drove up； the guards and equerries were on horseback。 The Chateau was deserted； every one hastened to fly from contagion； which there was no longer any inducement to brave。
On leaving the chamber of Louis XV。； the Duc de Villequier； first gentleman of the bedchamber for the year； ordered M。 Andouille； the King's chief surgeon； to open the body and embalm it。 The chief surgeon would inevitably have died in consequence。 〃I am ready；〃 replied Andouille； 〃but while I operate you shall hold the head； your office imposes this duty upon you。〃 The Duke went off without saying a word； and the corpse was neither opened nor embalmed。 A few under…servants and workmen continu
