theologico-political treatise p1(ÉñѧÓëÕþÖÎרÌâÑо¿1)-µÚ2ÕÂ
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
degenerated¡¡into¡¡sordid¡¡avarice¡¡and¡¡ambition¡£¡¡£¨27£©¡¡Every¡¡church¡¡became¡¡a¡¡
theatre£»¡¡where¡¡orators£»¡¡instead¡¡of¡¡church¡¡teachers£»¡¡harangued£»¡¡caring¡¡not¡¡to¡¡
instruct¡¡the¡¡people£»¡¡but¡¡striving¡¡to¡¡attract¡¡admiration£»¡¡to¡¡bring¡¡opponents¡¡to¡¡
public¡¡scorn£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡preach¡¡only¡¡novelties¡¡and¡¡paradoxes£»¡¡such¡¡as¡¡would¡¡
tickle¡¡the¡¡ears¡¡of¡¡their¡¡congregation¡£¡¡£¨28£©¡¡This¡¡state¡¡of¡¡things¡¡necessarily¡¡
stirred¡¡up¡¡an¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡controversy£»¡¡envy£»¡¡and¡¡hatred£»¡¡which¡¡no¡¡lapse¡¡of¡¡
time¡¡could¡¡appease£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡we¡¡can¡¡scarcely¡¡wonder¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡religion¡¡
nothing¡¡survives¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡outward¡¡¡¡¡¡forms¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨even¡¡these£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mouth¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
multitude£»¡¡¡¡¡¡seem¡¡¡¡¡¡rather¡¡¡¡¡¡adulation¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡adoration¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Deity£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡
faith¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡become¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡mere¡¡¡¡¡¡compound¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡credulity¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡prejudices¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡aye£»¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡6¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡7¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡Political¡¡Treatise¡¡
prejudices¡¡¡¡¡¡too£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡degrade¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡rational¡¡¡¡¡¡being¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡beast£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡
completely¡¡¡¡¡¡stifle¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡power¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡judgment¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡true¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡false£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡
seem£»¡¡in¡¡fact£»¡¡carefully¡¡fostered¡¡for¡¡the¡¡purpose¡¡of¡¡extinguishing¡¡the¡¡last¡¡
spark¡¡of¡¡reason£¡¡¡£¨29£©¡¡Piety£»¡¡great¡¡God£¡¡¡and¡¡religion¡¡are¡¡become¡¡a¡¡tissue¡¡of¡¡
ridiculous¡¡mysteries£»¡¡men£»¡¡who¡¡flatly¡¡despise¡¡reason£»¡¡who¡¡reject¡¡and¡¡turn¡¡
away¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡understanding¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡naturally¡¡¡¡¡¡corrupt£»¡¡¡¡¡¡these£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡say£»¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡
men£»¡¡are¡¡thought£»¡¡0¡¡lie¡¡most¡¡horrible£¡¡¡to¡¡possess¡¡light¡¡from¡¡on¡¡High¡£¡¡£¨30£©¡¡
Verily£»¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡spark¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡light¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡High£»¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡
insolently¡¡rave£»¡¡but¡¡would¡¡learn¡¡to¡¡worship¡¡God¡¡more¡¡wisely£»¡¡and¡¡would¡¡
be¡¡as¡¡marked¡¡among¡¡their¡¡fellows¡¡for¡¡mercy¡¡as¡¡they¡¡now¡¡are¡¡for¡¡malice£»¡¡if¡¡
they¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡concerned¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡opponents'¡¡¡¡¡¡souls£»¡¡¡¡¡¡instead¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡own¡¡
reputations£»¡¡they¡¡¡¡would¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡longer¡¡¡¡¡¡fiercely¡¡¡¡persecute£»¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡rather¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡filled¡¡
with¡¡pity¡¡and¡¡compassion¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨31£©¡¡¡¡¡¡Furthermore£»¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡Divine¡¡¡¡¡¡light¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡them£»¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡appear¡¡
from¡¡their¡¡doctrine¡£¡¡£¨32£©¡¡I¡¡grant¡¡that¡¡they¡¡are¡¡never¡¡tired¡¡of¡¡professing¡¡their¡¡
wonder¡¡at¡¡the¡¡profound¡¡mysteries¡¡of¡¡Holy¡¡Writ£»¡¡still¡¡I¡¡cannot¡¡discover¡¡that¡¡
they¡¡¡¡¡¡teach¡¡¡¡¡¡anything¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡speculations¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Platonists¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Aristotelians£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
which¡¡£¨in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡save¡¡their¡¡credit¡¡for¡¡Christianity£©¡¡they¡¡have¡¡made¡¡Holy¡¡
Writ¡¡conform£»¡¡not¡¡content¡¡to¡¡rave¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Greeks¡¡themselves£»¡¡they¡¡want¡¡
to¡¡make¡¡the¡¡prophets¡¡rave¡¡also£»¡¡showing¡¡conclusively£»¡¡that¡¡never¡¡even¡¡in¡¡
sleep¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡caught¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡glimpse¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Scripture's¡¡¡¡¡¡Divine¡¡¡¡¡¡nature¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨33£©¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡
very¡¡vehemence¡¡of¡¡their¡¡admiration¡¡for¡¡the¡¡mysteries¡¡plainly¡¡attests£»¡¡that¡¡
their¡¡belief¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡is¡¡a¡¡formal¡¡assent¡¡rather¡¡than¡¡a¡¡living¡¡faith£º¡¡and¡¡the¡¡
fact¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡still¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡apparent¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡laying¡¡¡¡¡¡down¡¡¡¡¡¡beforehand£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
foundation¡¡for¡¡the¡¡study¡¡and¡¡true¡¡interpretation¡¡of¡¡Scripture£»¡¡the¡¡principle¡¡
that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡in¡¡every¡¡passage¡¡true¡¡and¡¡divine¡£¡¡£¨34£©¡¡Such¡¡a¡¡doctrine¡¡should¡¡be¡¡
reached¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡strict¡¡¡¡scrutiny¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡thorough¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡comprehension¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡
Sacred¡¡Books¡¡£¨which¡¡would¡¡teach¡¡it¡¡much¡¡better£»¡¡for¡¡they¡¡stand¡¡in¡¡need¡¡no¡¡
human¡¡factions£©£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡be¡¡set¡¡up¡¡on¡¡the¡¡threshold£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡were£»¡¡of¡¡inquiry¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨35£©¡¡As¡¡I¡¡pondered¡¡over¡¡the¡¡facts¡¡that¡¡the¡¡light¡¡of¡¡reason¡¡is¡¡not¡¡only¡¡
despised£»¡¡but¡¡by¡¡many¡¡even¡¡execrated¡¡as¡¡a¡¡source¡¡of¡¡impiety£»¡¡that¡¡human¡¡
commentaries¡¡are¡¡accepted¡¡as¡¡divine¡¡records£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡credulity¡¡is¡¡extolled¡¡
as¡¡¡¡¡¡faith£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡marked¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡fierce¡¡¡¡¡¡controversies¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡philosophers¡¡¡¡¡¡raging¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
Church¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡State£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡source¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡bitter¡¡¡¡¡¡hatred¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡dissension£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡ready¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡7¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡8¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡Political¡¡Treatise¡¡
instruments¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡sedition¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ills¡¡¡¡innumerable£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡determined¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
examine¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Bible¡¡¡¡¡¡afresh¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡careful£»¡¡¡¡¡¡impartial£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡unfettered¡¡¡¡¡¡spirit£»¡¡
making¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡assumptions¡¡¡¡¡¡concerning¡¡¡¡¡¡it£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡attributing¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡doctrines£»¡¡
which¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡find¡¡clearly¡¡therein¡¡set¡¡down¡£¡¡£¨36£©¡¡With¡¡these¡¡precautions¡¡I¡¡
constructed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡method¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Scriptural¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡interpretation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡thus¡¡¡¡¡¡equipped¡¡
proceeded¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡inquire¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡prophecy£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨37£©¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡sense¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡
reveal¡¡himself¡¡to¡¡the¡¡prophets£»¡¡and¡¡why¡¡were¡¡these¡¡particular¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡chosen¡¡
by¡¡him£¿¡¡£¨38£©¡¡Was¡¡it¡¡on¡¡account¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sublimity¡¡of¡¡their¡¡thoughts¡¡about¡¡the¡¡
Deity¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡nature£»¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡solely¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡account¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡piety£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨39£©¡¡These¡¡
questions¡¡being¡¡answered£»¡¡I¡¡was¡¡easily¡¡able¡¡to¡¡conclude£»¡¡that¡¡the¡¡authority¡¡
of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡prophets¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡weight¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡matters¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡morality£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡
speculative¡¡doctrines¡¡affect¡¡us¡¡little¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨40£©¡¡¡¡¡¡Next¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡inquired£»¡¡¡¡¡¡why¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Hebrews¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡¡¡¡¡God's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡chosen¡¡
people£»¡¡and¡¡discovering¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡only¡¡because¡¡God¡¡had¡¡chosen¡¡for¡¡them¡¡
a¡¡certain¡¡strip¡¡of¡¡territory£»¡¡where¡¡they¡¡might¡¡live¡¡peaceably¡¡and¡¡at¡¡ease£»¡¡I¡¡
learnt¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Law¡¡revealed¡¡by¡¡God¡¡to¡¡Moses¡¡was¡¡merely¡¡the¡¡law¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
individual¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Hebrew¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡state£»¡¡¡¡therefore¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡binding¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡none¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡
Hebrews£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡even¡¡on¡¡Hebrews¡¡after¡¡the¡¡downfall¡¡of¡¡their¡¡nation¡£¡¡£¨41£©¡¡
Further£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡order¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡ascertain£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡whether¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡concluded¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡
Scripture£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡human¡¡¡¡¡¡understanding¡¡¡¡¡¡standing¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡naturally¡¡¡¡¡¡corrupt£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡
inquired¡¡whether¡¡the¡¡Universal¡¡Religion£»¡¡the¡¡Divine¡¡Law¡¡revealed¡¡through¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡Prophets¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Apostles¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡human¡¡¡¡¡¡race£»¡¡¡¡¡¡differs¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡
which¡¡is¡¡taught¡¡by¡¡the¡¡light¡¡of¡¡natural¡¡reason£»¡¡whether¡¡miracles¡¡can¡¡take¡¡
place¡¡in¡¡violation¡¡of¡¡the¡¡laws¡¡of¡¡nature£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡so£»¡¡whether¡¡they¡¡imply¡¡the¡¡
existence¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡surely¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡clearly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡events£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡
understand¡¡plainly¡¡and¡¡distinctly¡¡through¡¡their¡¡immediate¡¡natural¡¡causes¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨42£©¡¡Now£»¡¡as¡¡in¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡course¡¡of¡¡my¡¡investigation¡¡I¡¡found¡¡nothing¡¡
taught¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡expressly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Scripture£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡does¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡agree¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡
understanding£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡repugnant¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thereto£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡saw¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
prophets¡¡taught¡¡nothing£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡not¡¡very¡¡simple¡¡and¡¡easily¡¡to¡¡be¡¡grasped¡¡
by¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡all£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡further£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡clothed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡leaching¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡style£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡
confirmed¡¡it¡¡with¡¡the¡¡reasons£»¡¡which¡¡would¡¡most¡¡deeply¡¡move¡¡the¡¡mind¡¡of¡¡
the¡¡masses¡¡to¡¡devotion¡¡towards¡¡God£»¡¡I¡¡became¡¡thoroughly¡¡convinced£»¡¡that¡¡
the¡¡Bible¡¡leaves¡¡reason¡¡absolutely¡¡free£»¡¡that¡¡it¡¡has¡¡nothing¡¡in¡¡common¡¡with¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡8¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡9¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡Political¡¡Treatise¡¡
philosophy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡fact£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡Revelation¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Philosophy¡¡¡¡¡¡stand¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡different¡¡
footings¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡order¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡set¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡forth¡¡¡¡¡¡categorically¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡exhaust¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡
question£»¡¡I¡¡point¡¡out¡¡the¡¡way¡¡in¡¡which¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡should¡¡be¡¡interpreted£»¡¡and¡¡
show¡¡that¡¡all¡¡of¡¡spiritual¡¡questions¡¡should¡¡be¡¡sought¡¡from¡¡it¡¡alone£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡
from¡¡the¡¡objects¡¡of¡¡ordinary¡¡knowledge¡£¡¡£¨43£©¡¡Thence¡¡I¡¡pass¡¡on¡¡to¡¡indicate¡¡
the¡¡false¡¡notions£»¡¡which¡¡have¡¡from¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡¡¡¡ever¡¡prone¡¡
to¡¡¡¡¡¡superstition£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡caring¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡shreds¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡antiquity¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡eternal¡¡
truths¡¡¡¡¡pays¡¡homage¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Books¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bible£»¡¡rather¡¡than¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Word¡¡of¡¡
God¡£¡¡£¨44£©¡¡I¡¡show¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Word¡¡of¡¡God¡¡has¡¡not¡¡been¡¡revealed¡¡as¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡
number¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡books£»¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡displayed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡prophets¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡simple¡¡¡¡¡¡idea¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
mind£»¡¡namely£»¡¡obedience¡¡to¡¡God¡¡in¡¡singleness¡¡of¡¡heart£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡the¡¡practice¡¡
of¡¡justice¡¡and¡¡charity£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡further¡¡point¡¡out£»¡¡that¡¡this¡¡doctrine¡¡is¡¡set¡¡forth¡¡
in¡¡Scripture¡¡in¡¡accordance¡¡with¡¡the¡¡opinions¡¡and¡¡understandings¡¡of¡¡those£»¡¡
among¡¡¡¡¡¡whom¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡Apostles¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Prophets¡¡¡¡¡¡preached£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡end¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡
might¡¡receive¡¡it¡¡willingly£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡their¡¡whole¡¡heart¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨45£©¡¡Having¡¡thus¡¡laid¡¡bare¡¡the¡¡bases¡¡of¡¡belief£»¡¡I¡¡draw¡¡the¡¡conclusion¡¡
that¡¡Revelation¡¡has¡¡obedience¡¡for¡¡its¡¡sole¡¡object£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡in¡¡purpose¡¡no¡¡
less¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡foundation¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡method£»¡¡¡¡¡¡stands¡¡¡¡¡¡entirely¡¡¡¡¡¡aloof¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡ordinary¡¡
knowledge£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡separate¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡province£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡neither¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
handmaid¡¡of¡¡the¡¡other¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨46£©¡¡¡¡¡¡Furthermore£»¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡men's¡¡¡¡¡¡habits¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡¡¡¡¡¡differ£»¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡
readily¡¡embrace¡¡one¡¡form¡¡of¡¡faith£»¡¡some¡¡another£»¡¡for¡¡what¡¡moves¡¡one¡¡to¡¡
pray¡¡may¡¡move¡¡another¡¡only¡¡to¡¡scoff£»¡¡I¡¡conclude£»¡¡in¡¡accordance¡¡with¡¡what¡¡
has¡¡gone¡¡¡¡¡¡before£»¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡everyone¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡free¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡choose¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
foundations¡¡of¡¡his¡¡creed£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡faith¡¡should¡¡be¡¡judged¡¡only¡¡by¡¡its¡¡fruits£»¡¡
each¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡then¡¡¡¡¡¡obey¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡¡¡¡¡freely¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡heart£»¡¡¡¡¡¡while¡¡¡¡¡¡nothing¡¡
would¡¡be¡¡publicly¡¡honoured¡¡save¡¡justice¡¡and¡¡charity¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨47£©¡¡Having¡¡thus¡¡drawn¡¡attention¡¡to¡¡the¡¡liberty¡¡conceded¡¡to¡¡everyone¡¡
by¡¡the¡¡revealed¡¡law¡¡of¡¡God£»¡¡I¡¡pass¡¡on¡¡to¡¡another¡¡part¡¡of¡¡my¡¡subject£»¡¡and¡¡
prove¡¡that¡¡this¡¡same¡¡liberty¡¡can¡¡and¡¡should¡¡be¡¡accorded¡¡with¡¡safety¡¡to¡¡the¡¡
state¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡magisterial¡¡¡¡¡¡authority¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡fact£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡cannot¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡withheld¡¡
without¡¡great¡¡danger¡¡to¡¡peace¡¡and¡¡detriment¡¡to¡¡the¡¡community¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨48£©¡¡In¡¡order¡¡to¡¡establish¡¡my¡¡point£»¡¡I¡¡start¡¡from¡¡the¡¡natural¡¡rights¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
individual£»¡¡which¡¡are¡¡co¡extensive¡¡with¡¡his¡¡desires¡¡and¡¡power£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡9¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡10¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡Political¡¡Treatise¡¡
the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡no¡¡one¡¡is¡¡bound¡¡to¡¡live¡¡as¡¡another¡¡pleases£»¡¡but¡¡is¡¡the¡¡guardian¡¡
of¡¡his¡¡own¡¡liberty¡£¡¡£¨49£©¡¡I¡¡show¡¡that¡¡these¡¡rights¡¡can¡¡only¡¡be¡¡transferred¡¡to¡¡
those¡¡¡¡¡¡whom¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡depute¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡defend¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡us£»¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡acquire¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡duties¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
defence¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡power¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡ordering¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡lives£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡thence¡¡¡¡¡¡infer¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡rulers¡¡
possess¡¡rights¡¡only¡¡limited¡¡by¡¡their¡¡power£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡are¡¡the¡¡sole¡¡guardians¡¡
of¡¡justice¡¡and¡¡liberty£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡their¡¡subjects¡¡should¡¡act¡¡in¡¡all¡¡things¡¡as¡¡they¡¡
dictate£º¡¡nevertheless£»¡¡since¡¡no¡¡one¡¡can¡¡so¡¡utterly¡¡abdicate¡¡his¡¡own¡¡power¡¡
of¡¡¡¡¡¡self¡defence¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡cease¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡man£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡conclude¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡
deprived¡¡of¡¡his¡¡natural¡¡rights¡¡absolutely£»¡¡but¡¡that¡¡subjects£»¡¡either¡¡by¡¡tacit¡¡
agreement£»¡¡or¡¡by¡¡social¡¡contract£»¡¡retain¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡number£»¡¡which¡¡cannot¡¡be¡¡
taken¡¡from¡¡them¡¡without¡¡great¡¡danger¡¡to¡¡the¡¡state¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨50£©¡¡From¡¡these¡¡considerations¡¡I¡¡pass¡¡on¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Hebrew¡¡State£»¡¡which¡¡I¡¡
describe¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡length£»¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡order¡¡to¡¡trace¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡manner¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡Religion¡¡
acquired¡¡the¡¡force¡¡of¡¡law£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡touch¡¡on¡¡other¡¡noteworthy¡¡points¡£¡¡£¨51£©¡¡I¡¡
then¡¡prove£»¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡holders¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡sovereign¡¡¡¡¡¡power¡¡are¡¡the¡¡depositories¡¡and¡¡
interpreters¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡religious¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡less¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡civil¡¡¡¡¡¡ordinances£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡