°®°®Ð¡ËµÍø > ÆäËûµç×ÓÊé > theologico-political treatise p1(ÉñѧÓëÕþÖÎרÌâÑо¿1) >

µÚ4ÕÂ

theologico-political treatise p1(ÉñѧÓëÕþÖÎרÌâÑо¿1)-µÚ4ÕÂ


°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




the¡¡Decalogue¡¡in¡¡Exodus¡¡are¡¡different¡¡from¡¡the¡¡words¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Decalogue¡¡in¡¡

Deuteronomy£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡discrepancy¡¡seemed¡¡to¡¡imply¡¡£¨since¡¡God¡¡only¡¡spoke¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡14¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡15¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡Treatise¡¡



once£©¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Ten¡¡Commandments¡¡were¡¡not¡¡intended¡¡to¡¡convey¡¡the¡¡actual¡¡

words¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Lord£»¡¡but¡¡only¡¡His¡¡meaning¡£¡¡£¨27£©¡¡However£»¡¡unless¡¡we¡¡would¡¡

do¡¡violence¡¡to¡¡Scripture£»¡¡we¡¡must¡¡certainly¡¡admit¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Israelites¡¡heard¡¡a¡¡

real¡¡voice£»¡¡for¡¡Scripture¡¡expressly¡¡says£»¡¡¡¡Deut¡£¡¡v£º4£»¡¨¡¡God¡¡spake¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡

face¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡face£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡i¡£e¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡ordinarily¡¡¡¡¡¡interchange¡¡¡¡¡¡ideas¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

instrumentality¡¡of¡¡their¡¡two¡¡bodies£»¡¡and¡¡therefore¡¡it¡¡seems¡¡more¡¡consonant¡¡

with¡¡Holy¡¡Writ¡¡to¡¡suppose¡¡that¡¡God¡¡really¡¡did¡¡create¡¡a¡¡voice¡¡of¡¡some¡¡kind¡¡

with¡¡which¡¡the¡¡Decalogue¡¡was¡¡revealed¡£¡¡£¨28£©¡¡The¡¡discrepancy¡¡of¡¡the¡¡two¡¡

versions¡¡is¡¡treated¡¡of¡¡in¡¡Chap¡£¡¡VIII¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨29£©¡¡Yet¡¡not¡¡even¡¡thus¡¡is¡¡all¡¡difficulty¡¡removed£»¡¡for¡¡it¡¡seems¡¡scarcely¡¡

reasonable¡¡to¡¡affirm¡¡that¡¡a¡¡created¡¡thing£»¡¡depending¡¡on¡¡God¡¡in¡¡the¡¡same¡¡

manner¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡created¡¡¡¡¡¡things£»¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡able¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡express¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡explain¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

nature¡¡of¡¡God¡¡either¡¡verbally¡¡or¡¡really¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡its¡¡individual¡¡organism£º¡¡

for¡¡instance£»¡¡by¡¡declaring¡¡in¡¡the¡¡first¡¡person£»¡¡¡¨I¡¡am¡¡the¡¡Lord¡¡your¡¡God¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨30£©¡¡Certainly¡¡when¡¡anyone¡¡says¡¡with¡¡his¡¡mouth£»¡¡¡¨I¡¡understand£»¡¨¡¡we¡¡

do¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡attribute¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡understanding¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mouth£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

speaker£»¡¡¡¡¡¡yet¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡because¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mouth¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡natural¡¡¡¡¡¡organ¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡

speaking£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡hearer£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡knowing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡understanding¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is£»¡¡¡¡easily¡¡

comprehends£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡comparison¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡himself£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡speaker's¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡

meant£»¡¡but¡¡if¡¡we¡¡knew¡¡nothing¡¡of¡¡God¡¡beyond¡¡the¡¡mere¡¡name¡¡and¡¡wished¡¡

to¡¡commune¡¡with¡¡Him£»¡¡and¡¡be¡¡assured¡¡of¡¡His¡¡existence£»¡¡I¡¡fail¡¡to¡¡see¡¡how¡¡

our¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡wish¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡satisfied¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡declaration¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡created¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thing¡¡

£¨depending¡¡on¡¡God¡¡neither¡¡more¡¡nor¡¡less¡¡than¡¡ourselves£©£»¡¡¡¨I¡¡am¡¡the¡¡Lord¡£¡¨¡¡

£¨31£©¡¡If¡¡God¡¡contorted¡¡the¡¡lips¡¡of¡¡Moses£»¡¡or£»¡¡I¡¡will¡¡not¡¡say¡¡Moses£»¡¡but¡¡some¡¡

beast£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡till¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡pronounced¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡words£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨I¡¡¡¡¡¡am¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Lord£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡

apprehend¡¡the¡¡Lord's¡¡existence¡¡therefrom£¿¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨32£©¡¡¡¡¡¡Scripture¡¡¡¡¡¡seems¡¡¡¡¡¡clearly¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡point¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡belief¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡¡¡¡¡spoke¡¡

Himself£»¡¡having¡¡descended¡¡from¡¡heaven¡¡to¡¡Mount¡¡Sinai¡¡for¡¡the¡¡purpose¡¡¡­¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Israelites¡¡¡¡¡¡heard¡¡¡¡¡¡Him¡¡¡¡¡¡speaking£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡chief¡¡

men¡¡beheld¡¡Him¡¡£¨Ex£ºxxiv¡££©¡¡£¨33£©¡¡Further¡¡the¡¡law¡¡of¡¡Moses£»¡¡which¡¡might¡¡

neither¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡added¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡nor¡¡¡¡¡¡curtailed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡set¡¡¡¡¡¡up¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡national¡¡

standard¡¡of¡¡right£»¡¡nowhere¡¡prescribed¡¡the¡¡belief¡¡that¡¡God¡¡is¡¡without¡¡body£»¡¡

or¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡form¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡figure£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡ordained¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Jews¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡

believe¡¡in¡¡His¡¡existence¡¡and¡¡worship¡¡Him¡¡alone£º¡¡it¡¡forbade¡¡them¡¡to¡¡invent¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡15¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡16¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡Treatise¡¡



or¡¡fashion¡¡any¡¡likeness¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Deity£»¡¡but¡¡this¡¡was¡¡to¡¡insure¡¡purity¡¡of¡¡service£»¡¡

because£»¡¡never¡¡having¡¡seen¡¡God£»¡¡they¡¡could¡¡not¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡images¡¡recall¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡likeness¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡God£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡likeness¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡created¡¡¡¡¡¡thing¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡

might¡¡thus¡¡gradually¡¡take¡¡the¡¡place¡¡of¡¡God¡¡as¡¡the¡¡object¡¡of¡¡their¡¡adoration¡£¡¡

£¨34£©¡¡Nevertheless£»¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡clearly¡¡implies¡¡that¡¡God¡¡has¡¡a¡¡form£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡

Moses¡¡when¡¡he¡¡heard¡¡God¡¡speaking¡¡was¡¡permitted¡¡to¡¡behold¡¡it£»¡¡or¡¡at¡¡least¡¡

its¡¡hinder¡¡parts¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨35£©¡¡¡¡¡¡Doubtless¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡mystery¡¡¡¡¡¡lurks¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡question¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡

discuss¡¡more¡¡fully¡¡below¡£¡¡£¨36£©¡¡For¡¡the¡¡present¡¡I¡¡will¡¡call¡¡attention¡¡to¡¡the¡¡

passages¡¡in¡¡Scripture¡¡indicating¡¡the¡¡means¡¡by¡¡which¡¡God¡¡has¡¡revealed¡¡His¡¡

laws¡¡to¡¡man¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨37£©¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Revelation¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡figures¡¡¡¡¡¡only£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡Chron£ºxxii¡££»¡¡

where¡¡¡¡God¡¡¡¡¡¡displays¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡anger¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡David¡¡by¡¡¡¡means¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡angel¡¡¡¡¡¡bearing¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

sword£»¡¡and¡¡also¡¡in¡¡the¡¡story¡¡of¡¡Balaam¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨38£©¡¡Maimonides¡¡and¡¡others¡¡do¡¡indeed¡¡maintain¡¡that¡¡these¡¡and¡¡every¡¡

other¡¡¡¡¡¡instance¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡angelic¡¡¡¡¡¡apparitions¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨e¡£g¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Manoah¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Abraham¡¡

offering¡¡¡¡¡¡up¡¡¡¡¡¡Isaac£©¡¡¡¡¡¡occurred¡¡¡¡¡¡during¡¡¡¡¡¡sleep£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡eyes¡¡

open¡¡¡¡¡¡ever¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡angel£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡mere¡¡¡¡¡¡nonsense¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨39£©¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡sole¡¡

object¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡commentators¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡seems¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡extort¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Scripture¡¡

confirmations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Aristotelian¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡quibbles¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡own¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡inventions£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

proceeding¡¡which¡¡I¡¡regard¡¡as¡¡the¡¡acme¡¡of¡¡absurdity¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨40£©¡¡In¡¡figures£»¡¡not¡¡real¡¡but¡¡existing¡¡only¡¡in¡¡the¡¡prophet's¡¡imagination£»¡¡

God¡¡revealed¡¡to¡¡Joseph¡¡his¡¡future¡¡lordship£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡words¡¡and¡¡figures¡¡He¡¡

revealed¡¡to¡¡Joshua¡¡that¡¡He¡¡would¡¡fight¡¡for¡¡the¡¡Hebrews£»¡¡causing¡¡to¡¡appear¡¡

an¡¡angel£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡were¡¡the¡¡Captain¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Lord's¡¡host£»¡¡bearing¡¡a¡¡sword£»¡¡and¡¡by¡¡

this¡¡¡¡¡¡means¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡communicating¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡verbally¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨41£©¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡forsaking¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Israel¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡

Providence¡¡was¡¡portrayed¡¡to¡¡Isaiah¡¡by¡¡a¡¡vision¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Lord£»¡¡the¡¡thrice¡¡Holy£»¡¡

sitting¡¡on¡¡a¡¡very¡¡lofty¡¡throne£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Hebrews£»¡¡stained¡¡with¡¡the¡¡mire¡¡of¡¡

their¡¡¡¡¡¡sins£»¡¡¡¡¡¡sunk¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡uncleanness£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡thus¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡far¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡possible¡¡

distant¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨42£©¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡wretchedness¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

thus¡¡revealed£»¡¡while¡¡future¡¡calamities¡¡were¡¡foretold¡¡in¡¡words¡£¡¡I¡¡could¡¡cite¡¡

from¡¡Holy¡¡Writ¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡similar¡¡¡¡¡¡examples£»¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡think¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡sufficiently¡¡

well¡¡known¡¡already¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨43£©¡¡However£»¡¡we¡¡get¡¡a¡¡still¡¡more¡¡clear¡¡confirmation¡¡of¡¡our¡¡position¡¡in¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡16¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡17¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡Treatise¡¡



Num¡¡xii£º6£»7£»¡¡as¡¡follows£º¡¡¡¨If¡¡there¡¡be¡¡any¡¡prophet¡¡among¡¡you£»¡¡I¡¡the¡¡Lord¡¡

will¡¡make¡¡¡¡¡¡myself¡¡¡¡¡¡known¡¡unto¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡vision¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨i¡£e¡£¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡appearances¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

signs£»¡¡for¡¡God¡¡says¡¡of¡¡the¡¡prophecy¡¡of¡¡Moses¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡a¡¡vision¡¡without¡¡

signs£©£»¡¡¡¨and¡¡will¡¡speak¡¡unto¡¡him¡¡in¡¡a¡¡dream¡¡¡¨¡¡£¨i¡£e¡£¡¡not¡¡with¡¡actual¡¡words¡¡

and¡¡an¡¡actual¡¡voice£©¡£¡¡£¨44£©¡¡¡¨My¡¡servant¡¡Moses¡¡is¡¡not¡¡so£»¡¡with¡¡him¡¡will¡¡I¡¡

speak¡¡mouth¡¡to¡¡mouth£»¡¡even¡¡apparently£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡in¡¡dark¡¡speeches£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡

similitude¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Lord¡¡he¡¡shall¡¡behold£»¡¨¡¡i¡£e¡£¡¡looking¡¡on¡¡me¡¡as¡¡a¡¡friend¡¡and¡¡

not¡¡afraid£»¡¡he¡¡speaks¡¡with¡¡me¡¡£¨cf¡£¡¡Ex¡¡xxxiii£º17£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨45£©¡¡This¡¡makes¡¡it¡¡indisputable¡¡that¡¡the¡¡other¡¡prophets¡¡did¡¡not¡¡hear¡¡a¡¡

real¡¡voice£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡gather¡¡as¡¡much¡¡from¡¡Deut¡£¡¡xxiv£º10£º¡¡¡¨And¡¡there¡¡arose¡¡

not¡¡a¡¡prophet¡¡since¡¡in¡¡Israel¡¡like¡¡unto¡¡Moses¡¡whom¡¡the¡¡Lord¡¡knew¡¡face¡¡to¡¡

face£»¡¨¡¡which¡¡must¡¡mean¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Lord¡¡spoke¡¡with¡¡none¡¡other£»¡¡for¡¡not¡¡even¡¡

Moses¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡saw¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Lord's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡face¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨46£©¡¡¡¡¡¡These¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡media¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

communication¡¡between¡¡God¡¡and¡¡man¡¡which¡¡I¡¡find¡¡mentioned¡¡in¡¡Scripture£»¡¡

and¡¡therefore¡¡the¡¡only¡¡ones¡¡which¡¡may¡¡be¡¡supposed¡¡or¡¡invented¡£¡¡£¨47£©¡¡We¡¡

may¡¡be¡¡able¡¡quite¡¡to¡¡comprehend¡¡that¡¡God¡¡can¡¡communicate¡¡immediately¡¡

with¡¡man£»¡¡for¡¡without¡¡the¡¡intervention¡¡of¡¡bodily¡¡means¡¡He¡¡communicates¡¡

to¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡minds¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡¡¡¡¡essence£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡still£»¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡pure¡¡¡¡¡¡intuition¡¡

comprehend¡¡ideas¡¡which¡¡are¡¡neither¡¡contained¡¡in¡¡nor¡¡deducible¡¡from¡¡the¡¡

foundations¡¡of¡¡our¡¡natural¡¡knowledge£»¡¡must¡¡necessarily¡¡possess¡¡a¡¡mind¡¡far¡¡

superior¡¡to¡¡those¡¡of¡¡his¡¡fellow¡¡men£»¡¡nor¡¡do¡¡I¡¡believe¡¡that¡¡any¡¡have¡¡been¡¡so¡¡

endowed¡¡save¡¡Christ¡£¡¡£¨48£©¡¡To¡¡Him¡¡the¡¡ordinances¡¡of¡¡God¡¡leading¡¡men¡¡to¡¡

salvation¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡revealed¡¡¡¡¡¡directly¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡words¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡visions£»¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡

manifested¡¡¡¡¡¡Himself¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Apostles¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Christ¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡

formerly¡¡did¡¡to¡¡Moses¡¡through¡¡the¡¡supernatural¡¡voice¡£¡¡£¨49£©¡¡In¡¡this¡¡sense¡¡

the¡¡voice¡¡of¡¡Christ£»¡¡like¡¡the¡¡voice¡¡which¡¡Moses¡¡heard£»¡¡may¡¡be¡¡called¡¡the¡¡

voice¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡God£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡said¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡wisdom¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨£»i¡£e¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡wisdom¡¡

more¡¡than¡¡human£©¡¡took¡¡upon¡¡itself¡¡in¡¡Christ¡¡human¡¡nature£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡Christ¡¡

was¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡salvation¡£¡¡¡¡£¨50£©¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡juncture¡¡¡¡declare¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡

doctrines¡¡which¡¡certain¡¡churches¡¡put¡¡forward¡¡concerning¡¡Christ£»¡¡I¡¡neither¡¡

affirm¡¡nor¡¡deny£»¡¡for¡¡I¡¡freely¡¡confess¡¡that¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡understand¡¡them¡£¡¡£¨51£©¡¡

What¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡stated¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡gather¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡Scripture£»¡¡¡¡¡¡where¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡never¡¡¡¡¡¡read¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡

God¡¡appeared¡¡to¡¡Christ£»¡¡or¡¡spoke¡¡to¡¡Christ£»¡¡but¡¡that¡¡God¡¡was¡¡revealed¡¡to¡¡

the¡¡Apostles¡¡through¡¡Christ£»¡¡that¡¡Christ¡¡was¡¡the¡¡Way¡¡of¡¡Life£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡17¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡18¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡Treatise¡¡



old¡¡law¡¡was¡¡given¡¡through¡¡an¡¡angel£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡immediately¡¡by¡¡God£»¡¡whence¡¡

it¡¡follows¡¡that¡¡if¡¡Moses¡¡spoke¡¡with¡¡God¡¡face¡¡to¡¡face¡¡as¡¡a¡¡man¡¡speaks¡¡with¡¡

his¡¡friend¡¡£¨i¡£e¡£¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡their¡¡two¡¡bodies£©¡¡Christ¡¡communed¡¡with¡¡God¡¡

mind¡¡to¡¡mind¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨52£©¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡conclude¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡except¡¡¡¡¡¡Christ¡¡¡¡¡¡received¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

revelations¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡aid¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡imagination£»¡¡¡¡¡¡whether¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡words¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡

vision¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨53£©¡¡¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡power¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡prophecy¡¡¡¡¡¡implies¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡peculiarly¡¡

perfect¡¡¡¡¡¡mind£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡peculiarly¡¡¡¡¡¡vivid¡¡¡¡¡¡imagination£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡show¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡

clearly¡¡in¡¡the¡¡next¡¡chapter¡£¡¡£¨54£©¡¡We¡¡will¡¡now¡¡inquire¡¡what¡¡is¡¡meant¡¡in¡¡the¡¡

Bible¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Spirit¡¡of¡¡God¡¡breathed¡¡into¡¡the¡¡prophets£»¡¡or¡¡by¡¡the¡¡prophets¡¡

speaking¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Spirit¡¡of¡¡God£»¡¡to¡¡that¡¡end¡¡we¡¡must¡¡determine¡¡the¡¡exact¡¡

signification¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Hebrew¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡word¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡roo'¡­akh£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Strong£º7307£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡commonly¡¡

translated¡¡spirit¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨55£©¡¡The¡¡word¡¡roo'¡­akh£»¡¡Strong£º7307£»¡¡literally¡¡means¡¡a¡¡wind£»¡¡e¡£¡£q¡£¡¡the¡¡

south¡¡wind£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡frequently¡¡employed¡¡in¡¡other¡¡derivative¡¡significations¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡used¡¡as¡¡equivalent¡¡to£»¡¡£¨56£©¡¡£¨1¡££©¡¡Breath£º¡¡¡¨Neither¡¡is¡¡there¡¡any¡¡spirit¡¡

in¡¡his¡¡mouth£»¡¨¡¡Ps¡£¡¡cxxxv£º17¡£¡¡£¨57£©¡¡£¨2¡££©¡¡Life£»¡¡or¡¡breathing£º¡¡¡¨And¡¡his¡¡spirit¡¡

returned¡¡to¡¡him¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡Sam¡£¡¡xxx£º12£»¡¡i¡£e¡£¡¡he¡¡breathed¡¡again¡£¡¡£¨58£©¡¡

£¨3¡££©¡¡¡¡¡¡Courage¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡strength£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Neither¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡remain¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡spirit¡¡

in¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡man£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Josh¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ii£º11£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨And¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡spirit¡¡¡¡¡¡entered¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡me£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

made¡¡me¡¡stand¡¡on¡¡my¡¡feet£»¡¨¡¡Ezek¡£¡¡ii£º2¡£¡¡£¨59£©¡¡£¨4¡££©¡¡Virtue¡¡and¡¡fitness£º¡¡¡¨Days¡¡

should¡¡speak£»¡¡and¡¡multitudes¡¡of¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡teach¡¡wisdom£»¡¡

but¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡spirit¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡man£»¡¨Job¡¡¡¡¡¡xxxii£º7£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡i¡£e¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡wisdom¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡

always¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡found¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡discover¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡

depends¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡individual¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡virtue¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡capacity¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡So£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨A¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

whom¡¡is¡¡the¡¡Spirit£»¡¨¡¡Numbers¡¡xxvii£º18¡£¡¡£¨60£©¡¡£¨5¡££©¡¡Habit¡¡of¡¡mind£º¡¡¡¨Because¡¡

he¡¡had¡¡another¡¡spirit¡¡with¡¡him£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Numbers¡¡xiv£º24£»¡¡i¡£e¡£¡¡another¡¡

habit¡¡of¡¡mind¡£¡¡¡¨Behold¡¡I¡¡will¡¡pour¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡My¡¡Spirit¡¡unto¡¡you£»¡¨¡¡

Prov¡£¡¡i£º23¡£¡¡£¨61£©¡¡£¨6¡££©¡¡Will£»¡¡pu

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨1£© ²È£¨2£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ