aphorisms-第4章
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1。 A spasm from taking hellebore is of a fatal nature。
2。 Spasm supervening on a wound is fatal。
3。 A convulsion； or hiccup； supervening on a copious discharge of
blood is bad。
4。 A convulsion； or hiccup； supervening upon hypercatharsis is bad。
5。 If a drunken person suddenly lose his speech； he will die
convulsed； unless fever come on； or he recover his speech at the
time when the consequences of a debauch pass off。
6。 Such persons as are seized with tetanus die within four days；
or if they pass these they recover。
7。 Those cases of epilepsy which come on before puberty may
undergo a change； but those which come on after twenty…five years of
age； for the most part terminate in death。
8。 In pleuritic affections； when the disease is not purged off in
fourteen days； it usually terminates in empyema。
9。 Phthisis most commonly occurs between the ages of eighteen and
thirty…five years。
10。 Persons who escape an attack of quinsy； and when the disease
is turned upon the lungs； die in seven days； or if they pass these
they become affected with empyema。
11。 In persons affected with phthisis； if the sputa which they cough
up have a heavy smell when poured upon coals； and if the hairs of
the head fall off； the case will prove fatal。
12。 Phthisical persons； the hairs of whose head fall off； die if
diarrhoea set in。
13。 In persons who cough up frothy blood； the discharge of it
comes from the lungs。
14。 Diarrhoea attacking a person affected with phthisis is a
mortal symptom。
15。 Persons who become affected with empyema after pleurisy； if they
get clear of it in forty days from the breaking of it； escape the
disease； but if not； it passes into phthisis。
16。 Heat produces the following bad effects on those who use it
frequently： enervation of the fleshy parts； impotence of the nerves；
torpor of the understanding； hemorrhages； deliquia； and； along with
these； death。
17。 Cold induces convulsions； tetanus； mortification； and febrile
rigors。
18。 Cold is inimical to the bones； the teeth； the nerves； the brain；
and the spinal marrow； but heat is beneficial。
19。 Such parts as have been congealed should be heated； except where
there either is a hemorrhage； or one is expected。
20。 Cold pinches ulcers； hardens the skin； occasions pain which does
not end in suppuration； blackens； produces febrile rigors；
convulsions； and tetanus。
21。 In the case of a muscular youth having tetanus without a
wound； during the midst of summer； it sometimes happens that the
allusion of a large quantity of cold water recalls the heat。 Heat
relieves these diseases。
22。 Heat is suppurative； but not in all kinds of sores； but when
it is； it furnishes the greatest test of their being free from danger。
It softens the skin； makes it thin； removes pain； soothes rigor；
convulsions； and tetanus。 It removes affections of the head； and
heaviness of it。 It is particularly efficacious in fractures of the
bones； especially of those which have been exposed； and most
especially in wounds of the head； and in mortifications and ulcers
from cold； in herpes exedens； of the anus； the privy parts； the
womb； the bladder； in all these cases heat is agreeable； and brings
matters to a crisis； but cold is prejudicial； and does mischief。
23。 Cold water is to be applied in the following cases； when there
is a hemorrhage； or when it is expected； but not applied to the
spot； but around the spot whence the blood flows； and in inflammations
and inflammatory affections； inclining to a red and subsaguineous
color； and consisting of fresh blood； in these cases it is to be
applied but it occasions mortification in old cases； and in erysipelas
not attended with ulceration； as it proves injurious to erysipelas
when ulcerated。
24。 Cold things； such as snow and ice； are inimical to the chest；
being provocative of coughs； of discharges of blood； and of catarrhs。
25。 Swellings and pains in the joints； ulceration； those of a
gouty nature； and sprains； are generally improved by a copious
affusion of cold water； which reduces the swelling； and removes the
pain； for a moderate degree of numbness removes pain。
26。 The lightest water is that which is quickly heated and quickly
cooled。
27。 When persons have intense thirst； it is a good thing if they can
sleep off the desire of drinking。
28。 Fumigation with aromatics promotes menstruation； and would be
useful in many other cases； if it did not occasion heaviness of the
head。
29。 Women in a state of pregnancy may be purged； if there be any
urgent necessity （or； if the humors be in a state of orgasm？）； from
the fourth to the seventh month； but less so in the latter case。 In
the first and last periods it must be avoided。
30。 It proves fatal to a woman in a state of pregnancy； if she be
seized with any of the acute diseases。
31。 If a woman with child be bled； she will have an abortion； and
this will be the more likely to happen； the larger the foetus。
32。 Haemoptysis in a woman is removed by an eruption of the menses。
33。 In a woman when there is a stoppage the menses； a discharge of
blood from the nose is good。
34。 When a pregnant woman has a violent diarrhoea； there is danger
of her miscarrying。
35。 Sneezing occurring to a woman affected with hysterics； and in
difficult labor； is a good symptom。
36。 When the menstrual discharge is of a bad color and irregular； it
indicates that the woman stands in need of purging。
37。 In a pregnant woman； if the breasts suddenly lose their
fullness； she has a miscarriage。
38。 If； in a woman pregnant with twins； either of her breasts lose
its fullness； she will part with one of her children； and if it be the
right breast which becomes slender； it will be the male child； or if
the left； the female。
39。 If a woman who is not with child； nor has brought forth； have
milk； her menses are obstructed。
40。 In women； blood collected in the breasts indicates madness。
41。 If you wish to ascertain if a woman be with child； give her
hydromel to drink when she is going to sleep； and has not taken
supper； and if she be seized with tormina in the belly； she is with
child； but otherwise she is not pregnant。
42。 A woman with child； if it be a male； has a good color； but if a
female； she has a bad color。
43。 If erysipelas of the womb seize a woman with child； it will
probably prove fatal。
44。 Women who are very lean； have miscarriages when they prove
with child； until they get into better condition。
45。 When women； in a moderate condition of body； miscarry in the
second or third month； without any obvious cause； their cotyledones
are filled with mucosity； and cannot support the weight of the foetus；
but are broken asunder。
46。 Such women as are immoderately fat； and do not prove with child；
in them it is because the epiploon （fat？） blocks up the mouth of the
womb； and until it be reduced； they do not conceive。
47。 If the portion of the uterus seated near the hip…joint
suppurate； it gets into a state requiring to be treated with tents。
48。 The male foetus is usually seated in the right； and the female
in the left side。
49。 To procure the expulsion of the secundines； apply a
sternutatory； and shut the nostrils and mouth。
50。 If you wish to stop the menses in a woman； apply as large a
cupping instrument as possible to the breasts。
51。 When women are with child； the mouth of their womb is closed。
52。 If in a woman with child； much milk flow from the breasts； it
indicates that the foetus is weak； but if the breasts be firm； it
indicates that the foetus is in a more healthy state。
53。 In women that are about to miscarry； the breasts become slender；
but if again they become hard； there will be pain； either in the
breasts； or in the hip…joints； or in the eyes； or in the knees； and
they will not miscarry。
54。 When the mouth of the uterus is hard； it is also necessarily
shut。
55。 Women with child who are seized with fevers； and who are greatly
emaciated； without any （other？） obvious cause； have difficult and
dangerous labors； and if they miscarry； they are in danger。
56。 In the female flux （immoderate menstruation？）； if convulsion and
deliquium come on； it is bad。
57。 When the menses are excessive； diseases take place； and when the
menses are stopped； diseases from the uterus take place。
58。 Strangury supervenes upon inflammation of the rectum； and of the
womb； and strangury supervenes upon suppuration of the kidney； and
hiccup upon inflammation of the liver。
59。 If a woman do not conceive； and wish to ascertain whether she
can conceive； having wrapped her up in blankets； fumigate below； and
if it appear that the scent passes through the body to the nostrils
and mouth； know that of herself she is not unfruitful。
60。 If woman with a child have her courses； it is impossible that
the child can be healthy。
61。 If a woman's courses be suppressed； and neither rigor nor
fever has followed； but she has been affected with nausea； you may
reckon her to be with child。
62。 Women who have the uterus cold and dense （compact？） do not
conceive； and those also who have the uterus humid； do not conceive；
for the semen is extinguished； and in women whose uterus is very
dry； and very hot； the semen is lost from the want of food； but
women whose uterus is in an intermediate state between these
temperaments prove fertile。
63。 And in like manner with respect to males； for either； owing to
the laxity of the body； the pneuma is dissipated outwardly； so as
not to propel the semen； or； owing to its density； the fluid
（semen？） does not pass outwardly； or； owing to coldness； it is not
heated so as to collect in its proper place （seminal vessels？）； or；
owing to its heat； the very same thing happens。
64。 It is a bad thing to give milk to persons having headache； and
it is also bad to give it in fevers； and to persons whose hypochondria
are swelled up； and troubled with borborygmi； and to thirsty
persons； it is bad also； when given to those who have bilious
discharges in acute fevers； and to those who have copious discharges
of blood； but it is suitable in phthisical cases； when not attended
with very much fever； it is also to be given in fevers of a chronic
and weak nature； when none of the aforementioned symptoms are present；
and the patients are excessively emaciated。
65。 When swellings appear on wounds； such cases are not likely to be
attacked either with convulsions； or delirium； but when these
disappear suddenly； if situated behind； spasms and tetanus
supervene； and if before； mania； acute pains of the sides； or
suppurations； or dysentery； if the swellings be rather red。
66。 When no swelling appears on severe and bad wounds； it is a great
evil。
67。 In such cases； the soft are favorable； and crude； unfavorable。
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