worldly ways and byways(ÊÀË×֮·)-µÚ38ÕÂ
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
neck¡¡dresses¡¡were¡¡the¡¡rule£»¡¡not¡¡only¡¡for¡¡these¡¡informal¡¡entertainments£»¡¡but¡¡
as¡¡every¡day¡¡wear¡¡for¡¡young¡¡girls£»¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡old¡¡lady¡¡only¡¡the¡¡other¡¡day¡¡telling¡¡
me¡¡she¡¡had¡¡never¡¡worn¡¡a¡¡¡¨high¡body¡¨¡¡until¡¡after¡¡her¡¡marriage¡£¡¡Two¡¡o'clock¡¡
found¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡beauties¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡beaux¡¡¡¡¡¡dining¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡How¡¡¡¡¡¡incredulously¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡
have¡¡¡¡¡¡laughed¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡prophesied¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡grandchildren¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡
prefer¡¡eight¡¡forty¡¡¡five¡¡as¡¡a¡¡dinner¡¡hour£¡¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡opening¡¡of¡¡Bellevue¡¡Avenue¡¡marked¡¡another¡¡epoch¡¡in¡¡the¡¡history¡¡
of¡¡¡¡¡¡Newport¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡About¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡Governor¡¡¡¡¡¡Lawrence¡¡¡¡¡¡bought¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
Ochre¡¡Point¡¡farm¡¡for¡¡fourteen¡¡thousand¡¡dollars£»¡¡and¡¡Mr¡£¡¡de¡¡Rham¡¡built¡¡on¡¡
the¡¡newly¡¡opened¡¡road¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¨cottage£»¡¨¡¡which¡¡stands¡¡to¡day¡¡¡¡modestly¡¡
back¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡avenue¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡opposite¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Perry¡¡¡¡¡¡Street¡£¡¡¡¡If¡¡¡¡houses¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡souls£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡
Hawthorne¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡averred£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡remember¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡compare£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡curious¡¡
thoughts¡¡must¡¡pass¡¡through¡¡the¡¡oaken¡¡brain¡¡of¡¡this¡¡simple¡¡construction¡¡as¡¡
it¡¡¡¡¡¡sees¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡marble¡¡¡¡¡¡neighbors¡¡¡¡¡¡rearing¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡vast¡¡¡¡¡¡facades¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡¡¡¡¡trees¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡
trees£»¡¡too£»¡¡are¡¡an¡¡innovation£»¡¡for¡¡when¡¡the¡¡de¡¡Rham¡¡cottage¡¡was¡¡built¡¡and¡¡
Mrs¡£¡¡Cleveland¡¡opened¡¡her¡¡new¡¡house¡¡at¡¡the¡¡extreme¡¡end¡¡of¡¡Rough¡¡Point¡¡
£¨the¡¡second¡¡summer¡¡residence¡¡in¡¡the¡¡place£©¡¡it¡¡is¡¡doubtful¡¡if¡¡a¡¡single¡¡tree¡¡
broke¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡rocky¡¡¡¡¡¡monotony¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡landscape¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Ocean¡¡¡¡¡¡House¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
Bateman's¡¡Point¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Governor¡¡Lawrence£»¡¡having¡¡sold¡¡one¡¡acre¡¡of¡¡his¡¡Ochre¡¡Point¡¡farm¡¡to¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡167¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡168¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Worldly¡¡Ways¡¡and¡¡Byways¡¡
Mr¡£¡¡Pendleton¡¡for¡¡the¡¡price¡¡he¡¡himself¡¡had¡¡paid¡¡for¡¡the¡¡whole£»¡¡proceeded¡¡
to¡¡build¡¡a¡¡stone¡¡wall¡¡between¡¡the¡¡two¡¡properties¡¡down¡¡to¡¡the¡¡water's¡¡edge¡£¡¡
The¡¡¡¡¡¡population¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Newport¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡accustomed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡take¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡Sunday¡¡
airings¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡moonlight¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡rambles¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡along¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡cliffs£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡viewed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡
obstruction¡¡of¡¡their¡¡favorite¡¡walk¡¡with¡¡dismay¡£¡¡So¡¡strong¡¡was¡¡their¡¡feeling¡¡
that¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡wall¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡completed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡young¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡town¡¡¡¡¡¡repaired¡¡
there¡¡in¡¡the¡¡night¡¡and¡¡tore¡¡it¡¡down¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡rebuilt£»¡¡the¡¡mortar¡¡being¡¡mixed¡¡
with¡¡¡¡¡¡broken¡¡¡¡¡¡glass¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡infuriated¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡extent¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
whole¡¡populace£»¡¡in¡¡broad¡¡daylight£»¡¡accompanied¡¡by¡¡the¡¡summer¡¡visitors£»¡¡
destroyed¡¡the¡¡wall¡¡and¡¡threw¡¡the¡¡materials¡¡into¡¡the¡¡sea¡£¡¡Lawrence£»¡¡bent¡¡on¡¡
maintaining¡¡what¡¡he¡¡considered¡¡his¡¡rights£»¡¡called¡¡the¡¡law¡¡to¡¡his¡¡aid¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡
then¡¡discovered¡¡that¡¡an¡¡immemorial¡¡riverain¡¡right¡¡gave¡¡the¡¡fishermen¡¡and¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡public¡¡¡¡¡¡generally£»¡¡¡¡¡¡access¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡shore¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡fishing£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡collect¡¡
seaweed£»¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡right¡¡of¡¡way¡¡that¡¡no¡¡one¡¡could¡¡obstruct¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡was¡¡the¡¡beginning¡¡of¡¡the¡¡long¡¡struggle¡¡between¡¡the¡¡cliff¡¡¡dwellers¡¡
and¡¡the¡¡townspeople£»¡¡each¡¡new¡¡property¡owner£»¡¡disgusted¡¡at¡¡the¡¡idea¡¡that¡¡
all¡¡the¡¡world¡¡can¡¡stroll¡¡at¡¡will¡¡across¡¡his¡¡well¡kept¡¡lawns£»¡¡has¡¡in¡¡turn¡¡tried¡¡
his¡¡hand¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡suppressing¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡famous¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨walk¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡Not¡¡only¡¡¡¡do¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡public¡¡
claim¡¡the¡¡liberty¡¡to¡¡walk¡¡there£»¡¡but¡¡also¡¡the¡¡right¡¡to¡¡cross¡¡any¡¡property¡¡to¡¡
get¡¡to¡¡the¡¡shore¡£¡¡At¡¡this¡¡moment¡¡the¡¡city¡¡fathers¡¡and¡¡the¡¡committee¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
new¡¡¡¡¡¡buildings¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡Bailey's¡¡¡¡¡¡Beach¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡wrangling¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡gayly¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Governor¡¡
Lawrence's¡¡¡¡¡¡day¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡bit¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡wall¡¡¡¡¡¡lately¡¡¡¡¡¡constructed¡¡¡¡¡¡across¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡end¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
Bellevue¡¡¡¡¡¡Avenue¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡¡¡new¡¡¡¡¡¡expedient¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡hit¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
would¡be¡¡exclusive¡¡owners¡¡of¡¡the¡¡cliffs£»¡¡they¡¡have¡¡lowered¡¡the¡¡¡¨walk¡¨¡¡out¡¡
of¡¡sight£»¡¡thus¡¡insuring¡¡their¡¡own¡¡privacy¡¡and¡¡in¡¡no¡¡way¡¡interfering¡¡with¡¡the¡¡
rights¡¡of¡¡the¡¡public¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Among¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡gentlemen¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡settled¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Newport¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Governor¡¡
Lawrence's¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡Lord¡¡¡¡¡¡Baltimore¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Mr¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Calvert£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡preferred¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡call¡¡
himself£©£»¡¡who¡¡remained¡¡there¡¡until¡¡his¡¡death¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡shy¡¡of¡¡referring¡¡to¡¡
his¡¡¡¡¡¡English¡¡¡¡¡¡peerage£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡willingly¡¡¡¡talk¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡descent¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡
mother¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡Peter¡¡¡¡¡¡Paul¡¡¡¡¡¡Rubens£»¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡whom¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡come¡¡¡¡¡¡down¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
chateau¡¡in¡¡Holland¡¡and¡¡several¡¡splendid¡¡paintings¡£¡¡The¡¡latter¡¡hung¡¡in¡¡the¡¡
parlor¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡modest¡¡¡¡¡¡little¡¡¡¡¡¡dwelling£»¡¡¡¡¡¡where¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡taken¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
their¡¡owner¡¡many¡¡years¡¡ago¡£¡¡My¡¡introducer¡¡on¡¡this¡¡occasion¡¡was¡¡herself¡¡a¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡168¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡169¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Worldly¡¡Ways¡¡and¡¡Byways¡¡
lady¡¡of¡¡no¡¡ordinary¡¡birth£»¡¡being¡¡the¡¡daughter¡¡of¡¡Stuart£»¡¡our¡¡greatest¡¡portrait¡¡
painter¡£¡¡I¡¡have¡¡passed¡¡many¡¡quiet¡¡hours¡¡in¡¡the¡¡quaint¡¡studio¡¡£¨the¡¡same¡¡her¡¡
father¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡used£©£»¡¡hearing¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡prattle¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡loved¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡do¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡she¡¡¡¡¡¡found¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
sympathetic¡¡listener¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡her¡¡father£»¡¡of¡¡Washington¡¡and¡¡his¡¡pompous¡¡ways£»¡¡
and¡¡the¡¡many¡¡celebrities¡¡who¡¡had¡¡in¡¡turn¡¡posed¡¡before¡¡Stuart's¡¡easel¡£¡¡She¡¡
had¡¡been¡¡her¡¡father's¡¡companion¡¡and¡¡aid£»¡¡present¡¡at¡¡the¡¡sittings£»¡¡preparing¡¡
his¡¡brushes¡¡and¡¡colors£»¡¡and¡¡painting¡¡in¡¡backgrounds¡¡and¡¡accessories£»¡¡and¡¡
would¡¡willingly¡¡show¡¡his¡¡palette¡¡and¡¡explain¡¡his¡¡methods¡¡and¡¡theories¡¡of¡¡
color£»¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡predilection¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡scrumbling¡¡¡¡¡¡shadows¡¡¡¡¡¡thinly¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡black¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡then¡¡
painting¡¡boldly¡¡in¡¡with¡¡body¡¡color¡£¡¡Her¡¡lessons¡¡had¡¡not¡¡profited¡¡much¡¡to¡¡
the¡¡gentle£»¡¡kindly¡¡old¡¡lady£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡productions¡¡of¡¡her¡¡own¡¡brush¡¡were¡¡far¡¡
from¡¡resembling¡¡her¡¡great¡¡parent's¡¡work¡£¡¡She£»¡¡however£»¡¡painted¡¡cheerfully¡¡
on¡¡to¡¡life's¡¡close£»¡¡surrounded¡¡by¡¡her¡¡many¡¡friends£»¡¡foremost¡¡among¡¡whom¡¡
was¡¡¡¡¡¡Charlotte¡¡¡¡¡¡Cushman£»¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡¡¡¡¡passed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡last¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡life¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
Newport¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Miss¡¡¡¡¡¡Stuart¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡eighty¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡last¡¡¡¡¡¡saw¡¡¡¡¡¡her£»¡¡¡¡¡¡still¡¡¡¡¡¡full¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
spirit¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡vigor£»¡¡¡¡¡¡beginning¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡portrait¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡famous¡¡¡¡¡¡beauty¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡day£»¡¡
since¡¡the¡¡wife¡¡and¡¡mother¡¡of¡¡dukes¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Miss¡¡Stuart's¡¡death¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡close¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡chapters¡¡in¡¡the¡¡history¡¡of¡¡
this¡¡¡¡¡¡city£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡break¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡last¡¡¡¡¡¡connecting¡¡¡¡¡¡link¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡past¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡world¡¡
moves¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡quickly¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡simple¡¡¡¡¡¡days¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡modest¡¡¡¡¡¡amusements¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡
fathers¡¡and¡¡grandfathers¡¡have¡¡already¡¡receded¡¡into¡¡misty¡¡remoteness¡£¡¡We¡¡
look¡¡at¡¡their¡¡portraits¡¡and¡¡wonder¡¡vaguely¡¡at¡¡their¡¡graceless¡¡costumes¡£¡¡We¡¡
know¡¡they¡¡trod¡¡these¡¡same¡¡streets£»¡¡and¡¡laughed¡¡and¡¡flirted¡¡and¡¡married¡¡as¡¡
we¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡doing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡day£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡seem¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡strangely¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡far¡¡¡¡¡¡away£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡
inhabitants¡¡of¡¡another¡¡sphere£¡¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡humiliating¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡think¡¡¡¡¡¡how¡¡¡¡¡¡soon¡¡¡¡¡¡we£»¡¡¡¡¡¡too£»¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡become¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
ancestors¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡new¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡careless¡¡¡¡¡¡generation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡fresh¡¡¡¡¡¡faces¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡replace¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡
faded¡¡ones£»¡¡young¡¡voices¡¡will¡¡laugh¡¡as¡¡they¡¡look¡¡at¡¡our¡¡portraits¡¡hanging¡¡
in¡¡dark¡¡corners£»¡¡wondering¡¡who¡¡we¡¡were£»¡¡and¡¡£¨criticising¡¡the¡¡apparel¡¡we¡¡
think¡¡so¡¡artistic¡¡and¡¡appropriate£©¡¡how¡¡we¡¡could¡¡ever¡¡have¡¡made¡¡such¡¡guys¡¡
of¡¡ourselves¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡169¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡170¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Worldly¡¡Ways¡¡and¡¡Byways¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡CHAPTER¡¡38¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Conquest¡¡of¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Europe¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡important¡¡¡¡¡¡event¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡modern¡¡¡¡¡¡history¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡discovery¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
Europe¡¡by¡¡¡¡the¡¡Americans¡£¡¡¡¡Before¡¡¡¡it£»¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡peoples¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Old¡¡World¡¡lived¡¡
happy¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡contented¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡own¡¡¡¡¡¡countries£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡practising¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡patriarchal¡¡
virtues¡¡handed¡¡down¡¡to¡¡them¡¡from¡¡generations¡¡of¡¡forebears£»¡¡ignoring¡¡alike¡¡
the¡¡vices¡¡and¡¡benefits¡¡of¡¡modern¡¡civilization£»¡¡as¡¡understood¡¡on¡¡this¡¡side¡¡of¡¡
the¡¡Atlantic¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡simple¡minded¡¡¡¡¡¡Europeans¡¡¡¡¡¡remained¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡home£»¡¡¡¡¡¡satisfied¡¡
with¡¡the¡¡rank¡¡in¡¡life¡¡where¡¡they¡¡had¡¡been¡¡born£»¡¡and¡¡innocent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡ways¡¡
of¡¡the¡¡new¡¡world¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡These¡¡peoples¡¡were£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡whole£»¡¡not¡¡so¡¡much¡¡to¡¡be¡¡pitied£»¡¡for¡¡they¡¡
had¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡pleasing¡¡¡¡¡¡crafts¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡arts¡¡¡¡¡¡unknown¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡invaders£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡
enabled¡¡them¡¡to¡¡decorate¡¡their¡¡capitals¡¡with¡¡taste¡¡in¡¡a¡¡rude¡¡way£»¡¡nothing¡¡
really¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡lofty¡¡¡¡¡¡buildings¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡elevated¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡railway¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡structures£»¡¡
executed¡¡in¡¡American¡¡cities£»¡¡but¡¡interesting¡¡as¡¡showing¡¡what¡¡an¡¡ingenious¡¡
race£»¡¡deprived¡¡of¡¡the¡¡secrets¡¡of¡¡modern¡¡science£»¡¡could¡¡accomplish¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡aesthetic¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡newcomers¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡affected¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡admire¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
antiquated¡¡places¡¡of¡¡worship¡¡and¡¡residences¡¡they¡¡visited¡¡abroad£»¡¡pointing¡¡
out¡¡to¡¡their¡¡compatriots¡¡that¡¡in¡¡many¡¡cases¡¡marble£»¡¡bronze¡¡and¡¡other¡¡old¡¡¡
fashioned¡¡materials¡¡had¡¡been¡¡so¡¡cleverly¡¡treated¡¡as¡¡to¡¡look¡¡almost¡¡like¡¡the¡¡
superior¡¡cast¡iron¡¡employed¡¡at¡¡home£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡some¡¡of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡paintings£»¡¡
preserved¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡veneration¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡museums£»¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡nearly¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡brilliancy¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
modern¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡chromos¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡authors¡¡¡¡¡¡had£»¡¡¡¡¡¡however£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡neglected¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡use¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
process¡¡¡¡¡¡lending¡¡¡¡¡¡itself¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡rapid¡¡¡¡¡¡reproduction£»¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡practical¡¡
value¡£¡¡In¡¡other¡¡ways£»¡¡the¡¡continental¡¡races£»¡¡when¡¡discovered£»¡¡were¡¡sadly¡¡
behind¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡times¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡business£»¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡ignored¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡use¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨corners£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡
backbone¡¡of¡¡American¡¡trade£»¡¡and¡¡their¡¡ideas¡¡of¡¡advertising¡¡were¡¡but¡¡little¡¡
in¡¡advance¡¡of¡¡those¡¡known¡¡among¡¡the¡¡ancient¡¡Greeks¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡discovery¡¡of¡¡Europe¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Americans¡¡was¡¡made¡¡about¡¡1850£»¡¡at¡¡
which¡¡¡¡¡¡date¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡¡¡bands¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡adventurers¡¡¡¡¡¡crossed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡seas¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡search¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
amusement¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡reports¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡pioneers¡¡¡¡¡¡brought¡¡¡¡¡¡back¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡NAIVETE£»¡¡
politeness£»¡¡and¡¡gullibility¡¡of¡¡the¡¡natives£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡cheapness¡¡of¡¡existence¡¡in¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡170¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡171¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Worldly¡¡Ways¡¡and¡¡Byways¡¡
their¡¡¡¡¡¡cities£»¡¡¡¡caused¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡general¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡exodus¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡western¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡eastern¡¡
hemisphere¡£¡¡Most¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Americans¡¡who¡¡had¡¡used¡¡up¡¡their¡¡credit¡¡at¡¡home¡¡
and¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡whose¡¡¡¡¡¡incomes¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡insufficient¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡wants£»¡¡¡¡¡¡immediately¡¡
migrated¡¡to¡¡these¡¡happy¡¡hunting¡¡grounds£»¡¡where¡¡life¡¡was¡¡inexpensive¡¡and¡¡
credit¡¡unlimited¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡first¡¡arrivals¡¡enjoyed¡¡for¡¡some¡¡twenty¡¡years¡¡unique¡¡opportunities¡£¡¡
They¡¡were¡¡able¡¡to¡¡live¡¡in¡¡splendor¡¡for¡¡a¡¡pittance¡¡that¡¡would¡¡barely¡¡have¡¡
kept¡¡them¡¡in¡¡necessaries¡¡on¡¡their¡¡own¡¡side¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Atlantic£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡pick¡¡up¡¡
valuable¡¡specimens¡¡of¡¡native¡¡handiwork¡¡for¡¡nominal¡¡sums¡£¡¡In¡¡those¡¡happy¡¡
days£»¡¡to¡¡belong¡¡to¡¡the¡¡invading¡¡race¡¡was¡¡a¡¡sufficient¡¡passport¡¡to¡¡the¡¡good¡¡
graces¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Europeans£»¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡asked¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡guarantees¡¡¡¡¡¡before¡¡¡¡¡¡trading¡¡
with¡¡the¡¡newcomers£»¡¡but¡¡flocked¡¡around¡¡them£»¡¡offering¡¡their¡¡services¡¡and¡¡
their¡¡primitive¡¡manufactures£»¡¡convinced¡¡that¡¡Americans¡¡were¡¡all¡¡wealthy¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Alas£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡History¡¡¡¡¡¡ever¡¡¡¡¡¡repeats¡¡¡¡¡¡itself¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡¡¡¡¡Mexicans¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Peruvians£»¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡
receiving¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡conquerors¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡confidence¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡enthusiasm£»¡¡¡¡¡¡came¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡rue¡¡
the¡¡day¡¡they¡¡had¡¡opened¡¡their¡¡arms¡¡to¡¡strangers£»¡¡so¡¡the¡¡European¡¡peoples£»¡¡
before¡¡a¡¡quarter¡¡of¡¡a¡¡century¡¡was¡¡o