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be¡¡had¡¡£¨for¡¡some£»¡¡even¡¡of¡¡the¡¡aldermen£»¡¡were¡¡dead£»¡¡and¡¡some¡¡absent£©

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with¡¡money£»¡¡and¡¡putting¡¡others¡¡into¡¡business£»¡¡and¡¡particularly¡¡that

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as¡¡the¡¡number¡¡of¡¡these¡¡were¡¡very¡¡great¡¡£¨for¡¡it¡¡was¡¡said¡¡there¡¡was¡¡at

one¡¡time¡¡ten¡¡thousand¡¡houses¡¡shut¡¡up£»¡¡and¡¡every¡¡house¡¡had¡¡two

watchmen¡¡to¡¡guard¡¡it£»¡¡viz¡££»¡¡one¡¡by¡¡night¡¡and¡¡the¡¡other¡¡by¡¡day£©£»¡¡this

gave¡¡opportunity¡¡to¡¡employ¡¡a¡¡very¡¡great¡¡number¡¡of¡¡poor¡¡men¡¡at¡¡a

time¡£



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took¡¡off¡¡a¡¡very¡¡great¡¡number¡¡of¡¡them¡£



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deliverance¡¡in¡¡its¡¡kind£º¡¡namely£»¡¡the¡¡plague£»¡¡which¡¡raged¡¡in¡¡a¡¡dreadful

manner¡¡from¡¡the¡¡middle¡¡of¡¡August¡¡to¡¡the¡¡middle¡¡of¡¡October£»¡¡carried

off¡¡in¡¡that¡¡time¡¡thirty¡¡or¡¡forty¡¡thousand¡¡of¡¡these¡¡very¡¡people¡¡which£»

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by¡¡their¡¡poverty£»¡¡that¡¡is¡¡to¡¡say£»¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡city¡¡could¡¡not¡¡have

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subsisted¡¡themselves£»¡¡which¡¡would¡¡first¡¡or¡¡last¡¡have¡¡put¡¡the¡¡whole

nation£»¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡the¡¡city£»¡¡into¡¡the¡¡utmost¡¡terror¡¡and¡¡confusion¡£



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not¡¡attending¡¡for¡¡weeks¡¡together£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡knowing¡¡what¡¡number¡¡they

carried¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡account¡¡is¡¡verified¡¡by¡¡the¡¡following¡¡bills¡¡of¡¡mortality£º¡¡¡­



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡all¡¡of¡¡the

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Diseases¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Plague

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¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡29¡¡to¡¡September¡¡¡¡5¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡8252¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡6988

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¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡26¡¡to¡¡October¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5720¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4979

¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡October¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡10¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5068¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4327

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡­

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So¡¡that¡¡the¡¡gross¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people¡¡were¡¡carried¡¡off¡¡in¡¡these¡¡two¡¡months£»

for£»¡¡as¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡number¡¡which¡¡was¡¡brought¡¡in¡¡to¡¡die¡¡of¡¡the¡¡plague

was¡¡but¡¡68£»590£»¡¡here¡¡is¡¡50£»000¡¡of¡¡them£»¡¡within¡¡a¡¡trifle£»¡¡in¡¡two¡¡months£»

I¡¡say¡¡50£»000£»¡¡because£»¡¡as¡¡there¡¡wants¡¡295¡¡in¡¡the¡¡number¡¡above£»¡¡so

there¡¡wants¡¡two¡¡days¡¡of¡¡two¡¡months¡¡in¡¡the¡¡account¡¡of¡¡time¡£



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account£»¡¡or¡¡were¡¡not¡¡to¡¡be¡¡depended¡¡upon¡¡for¡¡their¡¡account£»¡¡let¡¡any

one¡¡but¡¡consider¡¡how¡¡men¡¡could¡¡be¡¡exact¡¡in¡¡such¡¡a¡¡time¡¡of¡¡dreadful

distress£»¡¡and¡¡when¡¡many¡¡of¡¡them¡¡were¡¡taken¡¡sick¡¡themselves¡¡and

perhaps¡¡died¡¡in¡¡the¡¡very¡¡time¡¡when¡¡their¡¡accounts¡¡were¡¡to¡¡be¡¡given¡¡in£»

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from¡¡the¡¡common¡¡calamity£»¡¡especially¡¡if¡¡it¡¡be¡¡true¡¡that¡¡the¡¡parish¡¡of

Stepney¡¡had£»¡¡within¡¡the¡¡year£»¡¡116¡¡sextons£»¡¡gravediggers£»¡¡and¡¡their

assistants£»¡¡that¡¡is¡¡to¡¡say£»¡¡bearers£»¡¡bellmen£»¡¡and¡¡drivers¡¡of¡¡carts¡¡for

carrying¡¡off¡¡the¡¡dead¡¡bodies¡£



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exact¡¡tale¡¡of¡¡the¡¡dead¡¡bodies£»¡¡which¡¡were¡¡all¡¡huddled¡¡together¡¡in¡¡the

dark¡¡into¡¡a¡¡pit£»¡¡which¡¡pit¡¡or¡¡trench¡¡no¡¡man¡¡could¡¡come¡¡nigh¡¡but¡¡at¡¡the

utmost¡¡peril¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡observed¡¡often¡¡that¡¡in¡¡the¡¡parishes¡¡of¡¡Aldgate¡¡and

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eight¡¡hundred¡¡in¡¡a¡¡week¡¡in¡¡the¡¡bills£»¡¡whereas¡¡if¡¡we¡¡may¡¡believe¡¡the

opinion¡¡of¡¡those¡¡that¡¡lived¡¡in¡¡the¡¡city¡¡all¡¡the¡¡time¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡I£»¡¡there

died¡¡sometimes¡¡2000¡¡a¡¡week¡¡in¡¡those¡¡parishes£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡it¡¡under¡¡the

hand¡¡of¡¡one¡¡that¡¡made¡¡as¡¡strict¡¡an¡¡examination¡¡into¡¡that¡¡part¡¡as¡¡he

could£»¡¡that¡¡there¡¡really¡¡died¡¡an¡¡hundred¡¡thousand¡¡people¡¡of¡¡the¡¡plague

in¡¡that¡¡one¡¡year¡¡whereas¡¡in¡¡the¡¡bills£»¡¡the¡¡articles¡¡of¡¡the¡¡plague£»¡¡it¡¡was

but¡¡68£»590¡£



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and¡¡heard¡¡from¡¡other¡¡people¡¡that¡¡were¡¡eye¡­witnesses£»¡¡I¡¡do¡¡verily

believe¡¡the¡¡same£»¡¡viz¡££»¡¡that¡¡there¡¡died¡¡at¡¡least¡¡100£»000¡¡of¡¡the¡¡plague

only£»¡¡besides¡¡other¡¡distempers¡¡and¡¡besides¡¡those¡¡which¡¡died¡¡in¡¡the

fields¡¡and¡¡highways¡¡and¡¡secret¡¡Places¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡compass¡¡of¡¡the

communication£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡was¡¡called£»¡¡and¡¡who¡¡were¡¡not¡¡put¡¡down¡¡in¡¡the

bills¡¡though¡¡they¡¡really¡¡belonged¡¡to¡¡the¡¡body¡¡of¡¡the¡¡inhabitants¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡was

known¡¡to¡¡us¡¡all¡¡that¡¡abundance¡¡of¡¡poor¡¡despairing¡¡creatures¡¡who¡¡had

the¡¡distemper¡¡upon¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡were¡¡grown¡¡stupid¡¡or¡¡melancholy¡¡by

their¡¡misery£»¡¡as¡¡many¡¡were£»¡¡wandered¡¡away¡¡into¡¡the¡¡fields¡¡and¡¡Woods£»

and¡¡into¡¡secret¡¡uncouth¡¡places¡¡almost¡¡anywhere£»¡¡to¡¡creep¡¡into¡¡a¡¡bush

or¡¡hedge¡¡and¡¡die¡£



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food¡¡and¡¡set¡¡it¡¡at¡¡a¡¡distance£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡might¡¡fetch¡¡it£»¡¡if¡¡they¡¡were¡¡able£»

and¡¡sometimes¡¡they¡¡were¡¡not¡¡able£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡next¡¡time¡¡they¡¡went¡¡they

should¡¡find¡¡the¡¡poor¡¡wretches¡¡lie¡¡dead¡¡and¡¡the¡¡food¡¡untouched¡£¡¡¡¡The

number¡¡of¡¡these¡¡miserable¡¡objects¡¡were¡¡many£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡know¡¡so¡¡many

that¡¡perished¡¡thus£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡exactly¡¡where£»¡¡that¡¡I¡¡believe¡¡I¡¡could¡¡go¡¡to

the¡¡very¡¡place¡¡and¡¡dig¡¡their¡¡bones¡¡up¡¡still£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡country¡¡people

would¡¡go¡¡and¡¡dig¡¡a¡¡hole¡¡at¡¡a¡¡distance¡¡from¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡with¡¡long

poles£»¡¡and¡¡hooks¡¡at¡¡the¡¡end¡¡of¡¡them£»¡¡drag¡¡the¡¡bodies¡¡into¡¡these¡¡pits£»

and¡¡then¡¡throw¡¡the¡¡earth¡¡in¡¡from¡¡as¡¡far¡¡as¡¡they¡¡could¡¡cast¡¡it£»¡¡to¡¡cover

them£»¡¡taking¡¡notice¡¡how¡¡the¡¡wind¡¡blew£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡coming¡¡on¡¡that¡¡side

which¡¡the¡¡seamen¡¡call¡¡to¡¡windward£»¡¡that¡¡the¡¡scent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡bodies¡¡might

blow¡¡from¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡thus¡¡great¡¡numbers¡¡went¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡¡who

were¡¡never¡¡known£»¡¡or¡¡any¡¡account¡¡of¡¡them¡¡taken£»¡¡as¡¡well¡¡within¡¡the

bills¡¡of¡¡mortality¡¡as¡¡without¡£



This£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡I¡¡had¡¡in¡¡the¡¡main¡¡only¡¡from¡¡the¡¡relation¡¡of¡¡others£»¡¡for¡¡I

seldom¡¡walked¡¡into¡¡the¡¡fields£»¡¡except¡¡towards¡¡Bethnal¡¡Green¡¡and

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many¡¡poor¡¡wanderers¡¡at¡¡a¡¡distance£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡could¡¡know¡¡little¡¡of¡¡their

cases£»¡¡for¡¡whether¡¡it¡¡were¡¡in¡¡the¡¡street¡¡or¡¡in¡¡the¡¡fields£»¡¡if¡¡we¡¡had¡¡seen

anybody¡¡coming£»¡¡it¡¡was¡¡a¡¡general¡¡method¡¡to¡¡walk¡¡away£»¡¡yet¡¡I¡¡believe

the¡¡account¡¡is¡¡exactly¡¡true¡£



As¡¡this¡¡puts¡¡me¡¡upon¡¡mentioning¡¡my¡¡walking¡¡the¡¡streets¡¡and¡¡fields£»¡¡I

cannot¡¡omit¡¡taking¡¡notice¡¡what¡¡a¡¡desolate¡¡place¡¡the¡¡city¡¡was¡¡at¡¡that

time¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡great¡¡street¡¡I¡¡lived¡¡in¡¡£¨which¡¡is¡¡known¡¡to¡¡be¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the

broadest¡¡of¡¡all¡¡the¡¡streets¡¡of¡¡London£»¡¡I¡¡mean¡¡of¡¡the¡¡suburbs¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as

the¡¡liberties£©¡¡all¡¡the¡¡side¡¡where¡¡the¡¡butchers¡¡lived£»¡¡especially¡¡without

the¡¡bars£»¡¡was¡¡more¡¡like¡¡a¡¡green¡¡field¡¡than¡¡a¡¡paved¡¡street£»¡¡and¡¡the

people¡¡generally¡¡went¡¡in¡¡the¡¡middle¡¡with¡¡the¡¡horses¡¡and¡¡carts¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is

true¡¡that¡¡the¡¡farthest¡¡end¡¡towards¡¡Whitechappel¡¡Church¡¡was¡¡not¡¡all

paved£»¡¡but¡¡even¡¡the¡¡part¡¡that¡¡was¡¡paved¡¡was¡¡full¡¡of¡¡grass¡¡also£»¡¡but¡¡this

need¡¡not¡¡seem¡¡strange£»¡¡since¡¡the¡¡great¡¡streets¡¡within¡¡the¡¡city£»¡¡such¡¡as

Leadenhall¡¡Street£»¡¡Bishopsgate¡¡Street£»¡¡Cornhill£»¡¡and¡¡even¡¡the

Exchange¡¡itself£»¡¡had¡¡grass¡¡growing¡¡in¡¡them¡¡in¡¡several¡¡places£»¡¡neither

cart¡¡or¡¡coach¡¡were¡¡seen¡¡in¡¡the¡¡streets¡¡from¡¡morning¡¡to¡¡evening£»¡¡except

some¡¡country¡¡carts¡¡to¡¡bring¡¡roots¡¡and¡¡beans£»¡¡or¡¡peas£»¡¡hay£»¡¡and¡¡straw£»

to¡¡the¡¡market£»¡¡and¡¡those¡¡but¡¡very¡¡few¡¡compared¡¡to¡¡what¡¡was¡¡usual¡£

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pest¡­house£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡other¡¡hospitals£»¡¡and¡¡some¡¡few¡¡to¡¡carry¡¡physicians¡¡to

such¡¡places¡¡as¡¡they¡¡thought¡¡fit¡¡to¡¡venture¡¡to¡¡visit£»¡¡for¡¡really¡¡coaches

were¡¡dangerous¡¡things£»¡¡and¡¡people¡¡did¡¡not¡¡care¡¡to¡¡venture¡¡into¡¡them£»

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and¡¡sick£»¡¡infected¡¡people¡¡were£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡have¡¡said£»¡¡ordinarily¡¡carried¡¡in

them¡¡to¡¡the¡¡pest¡­houses£»¡¡and¡¡sometimes¡¡people¡¡expired¡¡in¡¡them¡¡as

they¡¡went¡¡along¡£



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mentioned£»¡¡there¡¡were¡¡very¡¡few¡¡physicians¡¡which¡¡cared¡¡to¡¡stir¡¡abroad

to¡¡sick¡¡houses£»¡¡and¡¡very¡¡many¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most¡¡eminent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡faculty¡¡were

dead£»¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡the¡¡surgeons¡¡also£»¡¡for¡¡now¡¡it¡¡was¡¡indeed¡¡a¡¡dismal

time£»¡¡and¡¡for¡¡about¡¡a¡¡month¡¡together£»¡¡not¡¡taking¡¡any¡¡notice¡¡of¡¡the¡¡bills

of¡¡mortality£»¡¡I¡¡believe¡¡there¡¡did¡¡not¡¡die¡¡less¡¡than¡¡1500¡¡or¡¡1700¡¡a¡¡day£»

one¡¡day¡¡with¡¡another¡£



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the¡¡beginning¡¡of¡¡September£»¡¡when£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡good¡¡people¡¡began¡¡to

think¡¡that¡¡God¡¡was¡¡resolved¡¡to¡¡make¡¡a¡¡full¡¡end¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people¡¡in¡¡this

miserable¡¡city¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡was¡¡at¡¡that¡¡time¡¡when¡¡the¡¡plague¡¡was¡¡fully¡¡come

into¡¡the¡¡eastern¡¡parishes¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡parish¡¡of¡¡Aldgate£»¡¡if¡¡I¡¡may¡¡give¡¡my

opinion£»¡¡buried¡¡above¡¡a¡¡thousand¡¡a¡¡week¡¡for¡¡two¡¡weeks£»¡¡though¡¡the

bills¡¡did¡¡not¡¡say¡¡so¡¡many£»¡¡¡­¡¡but¡¡it¡¡surrounded¡¡me¡¡at¡¡so¡¡dismal¡¡a¡¡rate

that¡¡there¡¡was¡¡not¡¡a¡¡house¡¡in¡¡twenty¡¡uninfected¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Minories£»¡¡in

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Row¡¡and¡¡the¡¡alleys¡¡over¡¡against¡¡me¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡say£»¡¡in¡¡those¡¡places¡¡death

reigned¡¡in¡¡every¡¡corner¡£¡¡¡¡Whitechappel¡¡parish¡¡was¡¡in¡¡the¡¡same

condition£»¡¡and¡¡though¡¡much¡¡less¡¡than¡¡the¡¡parish¡¡I¡¡lived¡¡in£»¡¡yet¡¡buried

near¡¡600¡¡a¡¡week¡¡by¡¡the¡¡bills£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡my¡¡opinion¡¡near¡¡twice¡¡as¡¡many¡£

Whole¡¡families£»¡¡and¡¡indeed¡¡whole¡¡streets¡¡of¡¡families£»¡¡were¡¡swept

away¡¡together£»¡¡insomuch¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡frequent¡¡for¡¡neighbours¡¡to¡¡call¡¡to

the¡¡bellman¡¡to¡¡go¡¡to¡¡such¡­and¡­such¡¡houses¡¡and¡¡fetch¡¡out¡¡the¡¡people£»

for¡¡that¡¡they¡¡were¡¡all¡¡dead¡£



And£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡the¡¡work¡¡of¡¡removing¡¡the¡¡dead¡¡bodies¡¡by¡¡carts¡¡was

now¡¡grown¡¡so¡¡very¡¡odious¡¡and¡¡dangerous¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡complained¡¡of

that¡¡the¡¡bearers¡¡did¡¡not¡¡take¡¡care¡¡to¡¡dear¡¡such¡¡houses¡¡where¡¡all¡¡the

inhabitants¡¡were¡¡dead£»¡¡but¡¡that¡¡sometimes¡¡the¡¡bodies¡¡lay¡¡several¡¡days

unburied£»¡¡till¡¡the¡¡neighbouring¡¡families¡¡were¡¡offended¡¡with¡¡the

stench£»¡¡and¡¡consequently¡¡infected£»¡¡and¡¡this¡¡neglect¡¡of¡¡the¡¡officers¡¡was

such¡¡that¡¡the¡¡churchwardens¡¡and¡¡constables¡¡were¡¡summoned¡¡to¡¡look

after¡¡it£»¡¡and¡¡even¡¡the¡¡justices¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Hamlets¡¡were¡¡obliged¡¡to¡¡venture

their¡¡lives¡¡among¡¡them¡¡to¡¡quicken¡¡and¡¡encourage¡¡them£»¡¡for

innumerable¡¡of¡¡the¡¡bearers¡¡died¡¡of¡¡the¡¡distemper£»¡¡infected¡¡by¡¡the

bodies¡¡they¡¡were¡¡obliged¡¡to¡¡come¡¡so¡¡near¡£¡¡¡¡And¡¡had¡¡it¡¡not¡¡been¡¡that

the¡¡num

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