心理学与生活-第8章
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teaching； your students will learn more； will have more fun； and will leave your class inspired about
psychology by your teaching。 Teaching more effectively will also inspire you； and will undoubtedly be
reflected in exceptional teaching evaluations。 Second； this manual will make your life easier。 This manual
presents a treasure trove of instructional material； piled from outstanding teachers worldwide； in as
accessible format as possible。 We have done the grunt work for you； freeing you so that you have the time to
add and modify material； as you deem appropriate。 Because the foundation of a superior course is
contained in this manual； you will have the time to make the course truly your own。
One of the strengths of Psychology and Life； 16th Edition is that we have had years to refine and develop an
instructor’s manual that is prehensive in scope and plementary in nature。 When used in
conjunction with Psychology and Life； 16th Edition； we believe that your classroom experience will be an
immensely rewarding one for both you and your students。
THIS INSTRUCTOR’S MANUAL INCLUDES THREE
SECTIONS：
I。 A PRIMER ON TEACHING INTRODUCTORY PSYCHOLOGY
The previous section addresses pragmatic topics； such as instructional techniques； methods of
evaluating students； administrative issues； and preparing lectures； handouts； and syllabi。
II。 INDIVIDUAL CHAPTER MATERIALS
This section provides specific instructional material for each chapter of Psychology and Life； 16th
Edition。 Within each chapter； material is further broken down into specific types of material。 These
include：
Learning Objectives： Provides clear； consistent goals and guides for both teaching and learning。
Chapter Outline： Arranges material in a concise； organized format that can be used “out of the box” as
lectures or that can serve as the basis for the development of more personalized lectures。
Discussion Questions： Suggests provocative questions to pose to your students； which can be used as
the basis of classroom discussion； written assignments； and essay questions。
Supplemental Lecture Material： Contains additional material designed to add depth and richness to
lectures。
Biographical Profiles： Provides biographical sketches of prominent psychologists； briefly tracing their
life and contributions to the field。
xxvi
Timeline： Presents a chronological overview of important events and people from the history of
psychology and related historical events。
Suggestions for Further Readings： Suggests references for both you and your students for finding more
information on each chapter topic。
Discovering Psychology： Lists volumes of a video telecourse； Discovering Psychology； keyed to chapter
content。 Philip Zimbardo designed； wrote； and narrated the 26 programs in this PBS TV series。
Films and Videos： Lists current media appropriate for the chapter。
Case Study Lecture Launcher： Includes vignettes that originally appeared in an earlier edition of
Psychology and Life。 We continue to include them this Instructor’s Manual due to their demonstrated
appeal to both students and instructors。 The current edition of Psychology and Life employs new；
provocative first…person quotes to introduce each chapter。
III。 EXPERIMENTS AND DEMONSTRATIONS
（BY PHILIP G。 ZIMBARDO）
This section describes a set of projects and demonstrations that can be used in class or in separate
sections to illustrate relevant psychological principles。 The student’s portions of these exercises are
included in the Student Study Guide that acpanies Psychology and Life； l6th Edition。 Additional
copies of the student handouts can be made from the copies in this manual。
IV。 ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCES
TEST BANK
Psychology and Life； 16th Edition is acpanied by an extensive test bank。 Expertly authored；
pletely revised； and reviewed by Richard Gerrig and Philip Zimbardo； this bank contains more
than 2；000 multiple…choice and essay items。 These questions are page referenced； are of balanced but
varied difficulty； and are identified by chapter； question type （factual； applied； or conceptual）； question
topic； and skill level。
OVERHEAD TRANSPARENCIES
This pletely revised set of color transparencies includes the best illustrations from the publisher’s
current introductory psychology textbooks； designed to be accurate； brilliant； and interesting
projections。
xxvii
Chapter 1 At…a…Glance
The Science of Psychology in Your Life
DETAILED
OUTLINE
INSTRUCTOR
RESOURCES
SUPPLEMENTS
MEDIA
SUPPLEMENTS
PROFESSOR
NOTES
What Makes Psychology
Unique？ （p。 3）
Definitions
The Goals of Psychology
Teaching the Introductory
Course：
Laying the Foundation
for a Well Organized
Course
Learning Objectives：
Why the study of
psychology is important
Discussion Questions：
What do students hope to
get from your class？
Class Exercise：
Psychology’s Goals
Applied to Matchmaking
Test Bank：
Questions 1。11。150
Practice Tests：
Chapter 1
Study Guide：
Chapter 1
Transparencies：
Intro 01
Intro 02
Discovering Psychology
Video：
Program 1： Past；
Present； and Promise
Mind Matters：
Unit 1： History and
Methods
Digital Media Archive
v2。0：
Methods
The Evolution of Modern
Psychology （p。 8）
Psychology’s Historical
Foundations
Current Psychological
Perspectives
Discussion Questions：
Determinism； free…will；
and scientific psychology
Transparencies：
Intro 03
Mind Matters：
Unit 1： Psychology’s
Roots
Unit 1： Recent Trends
in Psychology
Digital Media Archive
v2。0：
Topic 1： Methods
What Psychologists Do
（p。 14）
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Clinical Psychology vs。
Psychiatry
Experiments &
Demonstrations：
Impression Management
and Formation
Transparencies：
Intro 04
Video： Career Encounters
in Psychology
Mind Matters：
Unit 1： The Science of
Psychology
Additional Resources Biographical Profiles：
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
William James
Interactive Web Site and
panion Web Site at：
ablongman/
gerrig
1
Chapter 2 At…a…Glance
Research Methods in Psychology
DETAILED
OUTLINE
INSTRUCTOR
RESOURCES
SUPPLEMENTS
MEDIA
SUPPLEMENTS
PROFESSOR
NOTES
The Context of Discovery （p。
19）
Learning Objectives：
Describe the theory
behind and the benefits of
the scientific method
Test Bank：
Questions
2。1…2。159
Practice Tests：
Chapter 2
Study Guide：
Chapter 2
Transparencies：
Res 01
Discovering Psychology
Video：
Program 2：
Understanding
Research
The Context of Justification：
Safeguards for Objectivity
（p。 21）
Observer Biases and
Operational Definitions
Experimental Methods：
Alternative Explanations
and the Need for Controls
Correlational Methods
Subliminal Influence？
Discussion Questions：
Determinism vs。 Freewill？
Transparencies：
Res 02
Res 03
Res 04
Video： The Human Quest：
The Way of Science
Video： Flatland
Psychological Measurement
（p。 30）
Achieving Reliability and
Validity
Self…Report Measures
Behavioral Measures and
Observations
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Experimental Design
Transparencies：
Res 05
Mind Matters：
Unit 1： History and
Methods
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 1： Methods
Ethical Issues in Human and
Animal Research （p。 32）
Informed Consent
Risk/Gain Assessment
Intentional Deception
Debriefing
Issues in Animal Research：
Science； Ethics； and
Politics
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
The Ethics of Animal
Research
Study Guide：
Chapter 2
Mind Matters：
Unit 1： History and
Methods
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 1： Methods
Being a Wiser
Research Consumer （p。 34）
Experiments &
Demonstrations：
Reaction Times Can Be
Revealing
Study Guide：
Chapter 2
Mind Matters：
Unit 1： History and
Methods
Additional Resources Biological Profiles：
Sir Francis Galton
Edward Titchener
Timeline
Transparencies：
Stat 01
Stat 02
Stat 03
Stat 04
Stat 05
Stat 06
Stat 07
Stat 08
Stat 09
Stat 10
Interactive Web Site and
panion Web Site at：
ablongman/
gerrig
19
Chapter 3 At…a…Glance
The Biological Bases of Behavior
DETAILED
OUTLINE
INSTRUCTOR
RESOURCES
SUPPLEMENTS
MEDIA
SUPPLEMENTS
PROFESSOR
NOTES
Heredity and Behavior （p。
49）
Evolution and Natural
Selection
Variation in the Human
Genotype
Learning Objectives：
Appreciate the plex
interplay among the
brain； mind； behavior；
and environment that
creates the experience of
being human
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Charles Darwin and
Natural Selection： A
Taproot of Contemporary
Psychology
Discussion Questions：
Do Humans Continue to
Evolve？
Test Bank：
Questions 3。13。163
Practice Tests：
Chapter 3
Study Guide：
Chapter 3
Transparencies：
Bio 01
Discovering Psychology
Video：
Program 3： The
Behaving Brain
Program 4： The
Responsive Brain
The Mind Video Series：
The Brain and the Mind
Unraveling the
Mysteries of the Mind
Biology and Behavior （p。 55）
Eavesdropping on the
Brain
The Nervous System
Brain Structures and Their
Functions
Hemispheric
Lateralization
The Endocrine System
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Protecting the Brain
Transparencies：
Bio 06
Bio 07
Bio 08
Bio 09
Bio 10
Bio 11
Bio 12
Bio 13
Bio 14
Bio 15
Bio 16
The Human Brain Video
Series：
Anatomy of the
Human Brain
The Human Brain in
Situ
Pathology Example in
the Human Brain
Journey to the Center of
the Brain Video Series
The Nervous System in
Action （p。 71）
The Neuron
Action Potentials
Synaptic Transmission
Neurotransmitters and
Their Functions
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Neuroglial Cells： The
Glue of Life
Transparencies：
Bio 02
Bio 03
Bio 04
Bio 05
The Brain： Foundations
Video Series：
Organization and
Evaluation of Brain
Function
The Effects Hormones
and the Environment
on the Brain
Additional Resources Biological Profiles：
Rene Descartes
Paul Broca
Franz Gall
Gregor Mendel
Roger Sperry
Timeline
Interactive Web Site and
panion Web Site at：
ablongman/
gerrig
Mind Matters：
Unit 2 Biopsychology
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 2： Biology
33
Chapter 4 At…a…Glance
Sensation
DETAILED
OUTLINE
INSTRUCTOR
RESOURCES
SUPPLEMENTS
MEDIA
SUPPLEMENTS
PROFESSOR
NOTES
Sensory Knowledge of the
World （p。 84）
Psychophysics
From Physical Events to
Mental Events
Learning Objectives：
Understand the basic
processes through which
sensory stimuli are
converted into neural
events
Supplemental Lecture
Material：
Sensation and Perception
Test Bank：
Questions：
4。1…160
Practice Tests：
Chapter 4
Study Guide：
Chapter 4
Discovering Psychology
Video：
Program 7： Sensation
and Perception
Mind Matters：
Unit 3： Sensation
Digital Media Archive
v2。0
Topic 3： Sensation and
Perception
The Visual System （p。 89）
The Human Eye
The Pupil and the Lens
The Retina
Pathways to the Brain
Seeing Color
ple
