on regimen in acute diseases-第8章

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with　the　food　they　should　take　wine　in　moderation；　and　diluted　with
water；　after　supper　they　should　take　a　short　walk；　until　the　urine
descend　and　be　passed；　and　they　may　use　boiled　fish。
　　Articles　of　food　have　generally　such　effects　as　the　following：
Garlic　occasions　flatulence　and　heat　about　the　chest；　heaviness　of　the
head；　and　nausea；　and　any　other　habitual　pain　is　apt　to　be　exasperated
by　it；　it　is　diuretic；　which；　in　so　far；　is　a　good　property　which　it
possesses；　but　to　eat　it　when　one　means　to　drink　to　excess；　or　when
intoxicated。　Cheese　produces　flatulence　and　constipation；　and　heats
the　other　articles　of　food；　and　it　gives　rise　to　crudities　and
indigestion；　but　it　is　worst　of　all　to　eat　it　along　with　drink　after　a
full　meal。　Pulse　of　all　kinds　are　flatulent；　whether　raw；　boiled；　or
fried；　least　so　when　macerated　in　water；　or　in　a　green　state；　they
should　not　be　used　except　along　with　food　prepared　from　the
cerealia。　Each　of　these　articles；　articles；　however；　has　bad　effects
peculiar　to　itself。　The　vetch；　whether　raw　or　boiled；　creates
flatulence　and　pain。　The　lentil　is　astringent；　and　disorders　the
stomach　if　taken　with　its　hull。　The　lupine　has　the　fewest　bad
effects　of　all　these　things。　The　stalk　and　the　juice　of　silphium
（asafoetida）；　pass　through　some　people's　bowels　very　readily；　but　in
others；　not　accustomed　to　them；　they　engender　what　is　called　dry
cholera；　this　complaint　is　more　especially　produced　by　it　if　mixed
with　much　cheese；　or　eaten　along　with　beef。　Melancholic　diseases　are
most　particularly　exacerbated　by　beef；　for　it　is　of　an　unmanageable
nature；　and　requires　no　ordinary　powers　of　stomach　to　digest　it；　it
will　agree　best　with　those　who　use　it　well　boiled　and　pretty　long
kept。　Goat's　flesh　has　all　the　bad　properties　of　beef；　it　is　an
indigestible；　more　flatulent　and　engenders　acid　eructations　and
cholera；　such　as　has　a　fragrant　smell；　is　firm；　and　sweet　to　the
taste；　is　the　best；　when　well　baked　and　cooled；　but　those　kinds
which　are　disagreeable　to　the　taste；　have　a　bad　smell；　and　are　hard；
such　are　particularly　bad；　and　especially　if　very　fresh；　it　is　best　in
summer　and　worst　in　autumn。　The　flesh　of　young　pigs　is　bad；　either
when　it　is　too　raw　or　when　it　is　over…roasted；　for　it　engenders　bile
and　disorders　the　bowels。　Of　all　kinds　of　flesh；　pork　is　the　best；
it　is　best　when　neither　very　fat；　nor；　on　the　other　hand；　very　lean；
and　the　animal　had　not　attained　the　age　of　what　is　reckoned　an　old
victim；　it　should　be　eaten　without　the　skin；　and　in　a　coldish　state。
　　19。　In　dry　cholera　the　belly　is　distended　with　wind；　there　is
rumbling　in　the　bowels；　pain　in　the　sides　and　loins；　no　dejections；
but；　on　the　contrary；　the　bowels　are　constipated。　In　such　a　case　you
should　guard　against　vomiting；　but　endeavor　to　get　the　bowels
opened。　As　quickly　as　possible　give　a　clyster　of　hot　water　with　plenty
of　oil　in　it；　and　having　rubbed　the　patient　freely　with　unguents；
put　him　into　hot　water；　laying　him　down　in　the　basin；　and　pouring
the　hot　water　upon　him　by　degrees；　and　if；　when　heated　in　the　bath；
the　bowels　be　moved；　he　will　be　freed　from　the　complaint。　To　a
person　in　such　a　complaint　it　will　do　good　if　he　sleep；　and　drink　a
thin；　old；　and　strong　wine；　and　you　should　give　him　oil；　so　that　he
may　settle；　and　have　his　bowels　moved；　when　he　will　be　relieved。　He
must　abstain　from　all　other　kinds　of　food；　but　when　the　pain　remits；
give　him　asses　milk　to　drink　until　he　is　purged。　But　if　the　bowels　are
loose；　with　bilious　discharges；　tormina；　vomitings；　a　feeling　of
suffocation；　and　gnawing　pains；　it　is　best　to　enjoin　repose；　and　to
drink　hydromel；　and　avoid　vomiting。
　　20。　There　are　two　kinds　of　dropsy；　the　one　anasarca；　which；　when
formed；　is　incurable；　the　other　is　accompanied　with　emphysema
（tympanites？）　and　requires　much　good　fortune　to　enable　one　to
triumph　over　it。　Laborious　exertion；　fomentation；　and　abstinence
（are　to　be　enjoined）。　The　patient　should　eat　dry　and　acrid　things；　for
thus　will　he　pass　the　more　water；　and　his　strength　be　kept　up。　If　he
labors　under　difficulty　of　breathing；　if　it　is　the　summer　season；
and　if　he　is　in　the　prime　of　life；　and　is　strong；　blood　should　be
abstracted　from　the　arm；　and　then　he　should　eat　hot　pieces　of　bread；
dipped　in　dark　wine　and　oil；　drink　very　little；　and　labor　much；　and
live　on　well…fed　pork；　boiled　with　vinegar；　so　that　he　may　be　able
to　endure　hard　exercises。
　　21。　Those　who　have　the　inferior　intestines　hot；　and　who　pass　acrid
and　irregular　stools　of　a　colliquative　nature；　if　they　can　bear　it；
should　procure　revulsion　by　vomiting　with　hellebore；　but　if　not；
should　get　a　thick　decoction　of　summer　wheat　in　a　cold　state；　lentil
soup；　bread　cooked　with　cinders；　and　fish；　which　should　be　taken
boiled　if　they　have　fever；　but　roasted　if　not　feverish；　and　also
dark…colored　wine　if　free　of　fever；　but　otherwise　they　should　take　the
water　from　medlars；　myrtles；　apples；　services；　dates；　or　wild　vine。　If
there　be　no　fever；　and　if　there　be　tormina；　the　patient　should　drink
hot　asses'　milk　in　small　quantity　at　first；　and　gradually　increase　it；
and　linseed；　and　wheaten　flour；　and　having　removed　the　bitter　part
of　Egyptian　beans；　and　ground　them；　sprinkle　on　the　milk　and　drink；
and　let　him　eat　eggs　half…roasted；　and　fine　flour；　and　millet；　and
perl…spelt　（chondrus）　boiled　in　milk；…　all　these　things　should　be
eaten　cold；　and　similar　articles　of　food　and　drink　should　be
administered。
　　22。　The　most　important　point　of　regimen　to　observe　and　be　guarded
about　in　protracted　diseases；　is　to　pay　attention　to　the　exacerbations
and　remissions　of　fevers；　so　as　to　avoid　the　times　when　food　should
not　be　given；　and　to　know　when　it　may　be　administered　without
danger；　this　last　season　is　at　the　greatest　possible　distance　from　the
exacerbation。
　　23。　One　should　be　able　to　recognize　those　who　have　headache　from
gymnastic　exercises；　or　running；　or　walking　or　hunting；　or　any　other
unseasonable　labor；　or　from　immoderate　venery；　also　those　who　are　of　a
pale　color；　or　troubled　with　hoarseness；　those　who　have　enlarged
spleen；　those　who　are　in　a　state　of　anaemia；　those　who　are　suffering
from　tympanites；　those　having　dry　cough　and　thirst；　those　who　are
flatulent；　and　have　the　course　of　the　blood　in　their　veins
intercepted；　those　persons　whose　hypochondria；　sides；　and　back　are
distended：　those　having　torpor；　those　laboring　under　amaurosis；　or
having　noises　in　their　ears；　those　suffering　from　incontinence　of
urine　or　jaundice；　or　whose　food　is　passed　undigested；　those　who
have　discharges　of　blood　from　the　nose　or　anus；　or　who　have　flatulence
and　intense　pain；　and　who　cannot　retain　the　wind。　In　these　cases　you
may　do　mischief；　but　cannot　possibly　do　any　good　by　purging；　but　may
interrupt　the　spontaneous　remissions　and　crises　of　the　complaints。
　　24。　If　you　think　it　expedient　to　let　blood；　see　that　the　bowels　be
previously　settled；　and　then　bleed；　enjoin　abstinence；　and　forbid
the　use　of　wine；　and　complete　the　cure　by　means　of　a　suitable　regimen；
and　wet　fomentations。　But　if　the　bowels　appear　to　be　constipated；
administer　a　soothing　clyster。
　　25。　If　you　think　it　necessary　to　give　medicines；　you　may　safely
purge　upwards　by　hellebore；　but　none　of　those　should　be　purged
downwards。　The　most　effectual　mode　of　treatment　is　by　the　urine；
sweats；　and　exercise；　and　use　gentle　friction　so　as　not　to　harden
the　constitution；　and　if　he　be　confined　to　bed　let　others　rub　him。
When　the　pain　is　seated　above　the　diaphragm；　place　him　erect　for　the
most　part；　and　let　him　be　as　little　reclined　as　possible；　and　when
he　is　raised　up　let　him　be　rubbed　for　a　considerable　time　with
plenty　of　hot　oil。　But　if　the　pains　be　in　the　lower　belly　below　the
diaphragm；　it　will　be　useful　to　lie　reclined　and　make　no　motion；　and
to　such　a　person　nothing　should　be　administered　except　the　friction。
Those　pains　which　are　dissolved　by　discharges　from　the　bowels；　by
urine；　or　moderate　sweats；　cease　spontaneously；　if　they　are　slight；
but　if　strong　they　prove　troublesome；　for　persons　so　affected　either
die；　or　at　least　do　not　recover　without　further　mischief；　for　they
terminate　in　abscesses。
　　26。　A　draught　for　a　dropsical　person。　Take　three　cantharides；　and
removing　their　head；　feet；　and　wings；　triturate　their　bodies　in
three　cupfuls　（cyathi）　of　water；　and　when　the　person　who　has　drunk　the
draught　complains　of　pain；　let　him　have　hot　fomentations　applied。
The　patient　should　be　first　anointed　with　oil；　should　take　the　draught
fasting；　and　eat　hot　bread　with　oil。
　　27。　A　styptic。　Apply　the　juice　of　the　fig　inwardly　to　the　vein；　or
having　moulded　biestings　into　a　tent；　introduce　up　the　nostril；　or
push　up　some　chalcitis　with　the　finger；　and　press　the　cartilages　of
the　nostrils　together；　and　open　the　bowels　with　the　boiled　milk　of
asses：　or　having　shaved　the　head　apply　cold　things　to　it　if　in　the
summer　season。
　　28。　The　sesamoides　purges　upwards　when　pounded　in　oxymel　to　the
amount　of　a　drachm　and　a　half；　and　drunk；　it　is　combined　with　the
hellebores；　to　the　amount　of　the　third　part；　and　thus　it　is　less　apt
to　produce　suffocation。
　　29。　Trichiasis。　Having　introduced　a　thread　into　the　eye　of　a
needle　push　it　through　the　upper　part　of　the　distended　eyelid；　and
do　the　same　at　the　base　of　it；　having　stretched　the　threads　tie　a　knot
on　them；　and　bind　up　until　they　drop　out：　and；　if　this　be
sufficient；　so　far　well；　but　if　otherwise；　you　must　do　the　same
thing　again。　And　hemorrhoids；　in　like　manner；　you　may　treat　by
transfixing　them　with　a　needle　and　tying　them　with　a　very　thick　and
large　woolen　thread；　for　thus　the　cure　will　be　more　certain。　When
you　have　secured　them；　use　a　septic　application；　and　do　not　foment
until　they　drop　off；　and　always　leave　one　behind；　and　when　the　patient
recovers；　let　him　be　put　upon　a　course　of　hellebore。　Then　let　him　be
exercised　and　sweated；　the　friction　of　the　gymnasium　and　wrestling
in　the　morning　will　be　proper；　but　he　must　abstain　from　running；
drinking；　and　all　acrid　substances；　except　marjoram；　let　him　take　an
emetic　every　seven　days；　or　three　times　in　a　month；　for　thus　will　he
enjoy　the　best　bodily　health。　Let　him　take　straw…colored；　austere；　and
watery　wine；　and　use　little　drink。
　　30。　For　persons　affected　with　empyema。　Having　cut　some　bulbs　or
squill；　boil　in　water；　and　when　well　boiled；　throw　this　away；　and
having　poured　in　more　water；　boil　until　it　appear　to　the　touch　soft
and　well…boiled；　then　triturate　finely　and　mix　roasted　cumin；　and
white　sesames；　and　young　almonds　pounded　in　honey；　form　into　an
electuary　and　give；　and　afterwards　sweet　wine。　In　draughts；　having
pounded　about　a　small　acetabulum　of　the　white　poppy；　moisten　it　with
water　in　which　summer　wheat　has　been　washed；　add　honey；　and　boil。
Let　him　take　this　frequently　during　the　day。　And　then　taking　into
account　what　is　to　happen；　give　him　supper。
　　31。　For　dysentery。　A　fourth　part　of　a　pound　of　cleaned　beans；　and
twelve　shoots　of　madder　having　been　triturated；　are　to　be　mixed
together　and　boiled；　and　given　as　a　linctus　with　some　fatty　substance。
　　32。　For　diseases　of　the　eyes。　Washed　spodium　（tutty？）　mixed　with
grease；　and　not　of　a　thinner　consistence　than　dough；　is　to　be
carefully　triturated；　and　moistened　with　the