how to live on 24 hours a day(一天24小时如何过活)-第7章
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gulf that separates a French horn from an English horn； and you would
perceive why a player of the hautboy gets higher wages than a fiddler；
though the fiddle is the more difficult instrument。 You would *live* at a
promenade concert； whereas previously you had merely existed there in a
state of beatific coma； like a baby gazing at a bright object。
The foundations of a genuine； systematic knowledge of music might
be laid。 You might specialise your inquiries either on a particular form of
music （such as the symphony）； or on the works of a particular composer。
At the end of a year of forty…eight weeks of three brief evenings each；
combined with a study of programmes and attendances at concerts chosen
out of your increasing knowledge； you would really know something
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about music； even though you were as far off as ever from jangling 〃The
Maiden's Prayer〃 on the piano。
〃But I hate music！〃 you say。 My dear sir； I respect you。
What applies to music applies to the other arts。 I might mention Mr。
Clermont Witt's 〃How to Look at Pictures；〃 or Mr。 Russell Sturgis's 〃How
to Judge Architecture；〃 as beginnings （merely beginnings） of systematic
vitalising knowledge in other arts； the materials for whose study abound in
London。
〃I hate all the arts！〃 you say。 My dear sir； I respect you more and more。
I will deal with your case next； before coming to literature。
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How to Live on Twenty…Four Hours a Day
X NOTHING IN LIFE IS
HUMDRUM
Art is a great thing。 But it is not the greatest。 The most important of all
perceptions is the continual perception of cause and effect…in other words；
the perception of the continuous development of the universe…in still other
words； the perception of the course of evolution。 When one has thoroughly
got imbued into one's head the leading truth that nothing happens without
a cause； one grows not only large…minded； but large…hearted。
It is hard to have one's watch stolen； but one reflects that the thief of
the watch became a thief from causes of heredity and environment which
are as interesting as they are scientifically comprehensible； and one buys
another watch； if not with joy； at any rate with a philosophy that makes
bitterness impossible。 One loses； in the study of cause and effect； that
absurd air which so many people have of being always shocked and
pained by the curiousness of life。 Such people live amid human nature as
if human nature were a foreign country full of awful foreign customs。 But；
having reached maturity； one ought surely to be ashamed of being a
stranger in a strange land！
The study of cause and effect； while it lessens the painfulness of life；
adds to life's picturesqueness。 The man to whom evolution is but a name
looks at the sea as a grandiose； monotonous spectacle； which he can
witness in August for three shillings third…class return。 The man who is
imbued with the idea of development； of continuous cause and effect；
perceives in the sea an element which in the day…before…yesterday of
geology was vapour； which yesterday was boiling； and which to…morrow
will inevitably be ice。
He perceives that a liquid is merely something on its way to be solid；
and he is penetrated by a sense of the tremendous； changeful
picturesqueness of life。 Nothing will afford a more durable satisfaction
than the constantly cultivated appreciation of this。 It is the end of all
science。
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Cause and effect are to be found everywhere。 Rents went up in
Shepherd's Bush。 It was painful and shocking that rents should go up in
Shepherd's Bush。 But to a certain point we are all scientific students of
cause and effect； and there was not a clerk lunching at a Lyons Restaurant
who did not scienti… fically put two and two together and see in the （once）
Two…penny Tube the cause of an excessive demand for wigwams in
Shepherd's Bush； and in the excessive demand for wigwams the cause of
the increase in the price of wigwams。
〃Simple！〃 you say； disdainfully。 Everything…the whole complex
movement of the universe…is as simple as that…when you can sufficiently
put two and two together。 And； my dear sir； perhaps you happen to be an
estate agent's clerk； and you hate the arts； and you want to foster your
immortal soul； and you can't be interested in your business because it's so
humdrum。
Nothing is humdrum。
The tremendous； changeful picturesqueness of life is marvellously
shown in an estate agent's office。 What！ There was a block of traffic in
Oxford Street； to avoid the block people actually began to travel under the
cellars and drains； and the result was a rise of rents in Shepherd's Bush！
And you say that isn't picturesque！ Suppose you were to study； in this
spirit； the property question in London for an hour and a half every other
evening。 Would it not give zest to your business； and transform your
whole life？
You would arrive at more difficult problems。 And you would be able to
tell us why； as the natural result of cause and effect； the longest straight
street in London is about a yard and a half in length； while the longest
absolutely straight street in Paris extends for miles。 I think you will admit
that in an estate agent's clerk I have not chosen an example that specially
favours my theories。
You are a bank clerk； and you have not read that breathless romance
（disguised as a scientific study）； Walter Bagehot's 〃Lombard Street〃？ Ah；
my dear sir； if you had begun with that； and followed it up for ninety
minutes every other evening； how enthralling your business would be to
you； and how much more clearly you would understand human nature。
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You are 〃penned in town；〃 but you love excursions to the country and
the observation of wild life…certainly a heart…enlarging diversion。 Why
don't you walk out of your house door； in your slippers； to the nearest gas
lamp of a night with a butterfly net； and observe the wild life of common
and rare moths that is beating about it； and co…ordinate the knowledge thus
obtained and build a superstructure on it； and at last get to know
something about something？
You need not be devoted to the arts； not to literature； in order to live
fully。
The whole field of daily habit and scene is waiting to satisfy that
curiosity which means life； and the satisfaction of which means an
understanding heart。
I promised to deal with your case； O man who hates art and literature；
and I have dealt with it。 I now come to the case of the person； happily very
common； who does 〃like reading。〃
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How to Live on Twenty…Four Hours a Day
XI SERIOUS READING
Novels are excluded from 〃serious reading；〃 so that the man who；
bent on self…improvement； has been deciding to devote ninety minutes
three times a week to a complete study of the works of Charles Dickens
will be well advised to alter his plans。 The reason is not that novels are not
serious some of the great literature of the world is in the form of prose
fiction the reason is that bad novels ought not to be read； and that good
novels never demand any appreciable mental application on the part of the
reader。 It is only the bad parts of Meredith's novels that are difficult。 A
good novel rushes you forward like a skiff down a stream； and you arrive
at the end； perhaps breathless； but unexhausted。 The best novels involve
the least strain。 Now in the cultivation of the mind one of the most
important factors is precisely the feeling of strain； of difficulty； of a task
which one part of you is anxious to achieve and another part of you is
anxious to shirk； and that f eeling cannot be got in facing a novel。 You do
not set your teeth in order to read 〃Anna Karenina。〃 Therefore； though you
should read novels； you should not read them in those ninety minutes。
Imaginative poetry produces a far greater mental strain than novels。 It
produces probably the severest strain of any form of literature。 It is the
highest form of literature。 It yields the highest form of pleasure； and
teaches the highest form of wisdom。 In a word； there is nothing to
compare with it。 I say this with sad consciousness of the fact that the
majority of people do not read poetry。
I am persuaded that many excellent persons； if they were confronted
with the alternatives of reading 〃Paradise Lost〃 and going round Trafalgar
Square at noonday on their knees in sack…cloth； would choose the ordeal
of public ridicule。 Still； I will never cease advising my friends and enemies
to read poetry before anything。
If poetry is what is called 〃a sealed book〃 to you； begin by reading
Hazlitt's famous essay on the nature of 〃poetry in general。〃 It is the best
thing of its kind in English； and no one who has read it can possibly be
under the misapprehension that poetry is a mediaeval torture； or a mad
elephant； or a gun that will go off by itself and kill at forty paces。 Indeed；
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it is difficult to imagine the mental state of the man who； after reading
Hazlitt's essay；
