personal memoirs-1-第35章

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…the　centreshould　co…operate　with　Sherman；　and　that　Hooker　with　a

mixed　command　should　continue　to　hold　Lookout　Valley　and　operate　on

our　extreme　right　as　circumstances　might　warrant。　　Sherman　crossed　on

the　24th　to　perform　his　alloted　part　of　the　programme；　but　in　the

meantime　Grant　becoming　impressed　with　the　idea　that　Bragg　was

endeavoring　to　get　away；　ordered　Thomas　to　make　a　strong

demonstration　in　his　front；　to　determine　the　truth　or　falsity　of　the

information　that　had　been　received。　　This　task　fell　to　the　Fourth

Corps；　and　at　12　o'clock　on　the　23d　I　was　notified　that　Wood's

division　would　make　a　reconnoissance　to　an　elevated　point　in　its

front　called　Orchard　Knob；　and　that　I　was　to　support　it　with　my

division　and　prevent　Wood's　right　flank　from　being　turned　by　an

advance　of　the　enemy　on　Moore's　road　or　from　the　direction　of

Rossville。　　For　this　duty　I　marched　my　division　out　of　the　works

about　2　p。m。；　and　took　up　a　position　on　Bushy　Knob。　　Shortly　after　we

reached　this　point　Wood's　division　passed　my　left　flank　on　its

reconnoissance；　and　my　command；　moving　in　support　of　it；　drove　in　the

enemy's　picket…line。　　Wood's　took　possession　of　Orchard　Knob　easily；

and　mine　was　halted　on　a　low　ridge　to　the　right　of　the　Knob；　where　I

was　directed　by　General　Thomas　to　cover　my　front　by　a　strong　line　of

rifle…pits；　and　to　put　in　position　two　batteries　of　the　Fourth

regular　artillery　that　had　joined　me　from　the　Eleventh　Corps。　　After

dark　Wood　began　to　feel　uneasy　about　his　right　flank；　for　a　gap

existed　between　it　and　my　left；　so　I　moved　in　closer　to　him；　taking

up　a　line　where　I　remained　inactive　till　the　25th；　but　suffering　some

inconvenience　from　the　enemy's　shells。



On　the　24th　General　Sherman　made　an　attack　for　the　purpose　of

carrying　the　north　end　of　Missionary　Ridge。　　His　success　was　not

complete；　although　at　the　time　it　was　reported　throughout　the　army　to

be　so。　　It　had　the　effect　of　disconcerting　Bragg；　however；　and　caused

him　to　strengthen　his　right　by　withdrawing　troops　from　his　left；

which　circumstance　led　Hooker　to　advance　on　the　northerly　face　of

Lookout　Mountain。　　At　first；　with　good　glasses；　we　could　plainly　see

Hooker's　troops　driving　the　Confederates　up　the　face　of　the　mountain。

All　were　soon　lost　to　view　in　the　dense　timber；　but　emerged　again　on

the　open　ground；　across　which　the　Confederates　retreated　at　a　lively

pace；　followed　by　the　pursuing　line；　which　was　led　by　a　color…bearer；

who；　far　in　advance；　was　bravely　waving　on　his　comrades。　　The

gallantry　of　this　man　elicited　much　enthusiasm　among　us　all；　but　as

he　was　a　considerable　distance　ahead　of　his　comrades　I　expected　to

see　his　rashness　punished　at　any　moment　by　death　or　capture。　　He

finally　got　quite　near　the　retreating　Confederates；　when　suddenly

they　made　a　dash　at　him；　but　he　was　fully　alive　to　such　a　move；　and

ran　back；　apparently　uninjured；　to　his　friends。　　About　this　time　a

small　squad　of　men　reached　the　top　of　Lookout　and　planted　the　Stars

and　Stripes　on　its　very　crest。　　Just　then　a　cloud　settled　down　on　the

mountain；　and　a　heavy　bank　of　fog　obscured　its　whole　face。



After　the　view　was　lost　the　sharp　rattle　of　musketry　continued　some

time；　but　practically　the　fight　had　been　already　won　by　Hooker's　men；

the　enemy　only　holding　on　with　a　rear…guard　to　assure　his　retreat

across　Chattanooga　Valley　to　Missionary　Ridge。　　Later　we　heard　very

heavy　cannonading；　and　fearing　that　Hooker　was　in　trouble　I　sent　a

staff…officer　to　find　out　whether　he　needed　assistance；　which　I

thought　could　be　given　by　a　demonstration　toward　Rossville。　　The

officer　soon　returned　with　the　report　that　Hooker　was　all　right；　that

the　cannonading　was　only　a　part　of　a　little　rear…guard　fight；　two

sections　of　artillery　making　all　the　noise；　the　reverberations　from

point　to　point　in　the　adjacent　mountains　echoing　and　reechoing　till

it　seemed　that　at　least　fifty　guns　were　engaged。



On　the　morning　of　the　25th　of　November　Bragg's　entire　army　was

holding　only　the　line　of　Missionary　Ridge；　and　our　troops；　being　now

practically　connected　from　Sherman　to　Hooker；　confronted　it　with　the

Army　of　the　Cumberland　in　the　centrebowed　out　along　the　front　of

Wood's　division　and　mine。　　Early　in　the　day　Sherman；　with　great

determination　and　persistence；　made　an　attempt　to　carry　the　high

ground　near　the　tunnel；　first　gaining　and　then　losing　advantage；　but

his　attack　was　not　crowned　with　the　success　anticipated。　　Meanwhile

Hooker　and　Palmer　were　swinging　across　Chattanooga　Valley；　using　me

as　a　pivot　for　the　purpose　of　crossing　Missionary　Ridge　in　the

neighborhood　of　Rossville。　　In　the　early　part　of　the　day　I　had　driven

in　the　Confederate　pickets　in　my　front；　so　as　to　prolong　my　line　of

battle　on　that　of　Wood；　the　necessity　of　continuing　to　refuse　my

right　having　been　obviated　by　the　capture　of　Lookout　Mountain　and　the

advance　of　Palmer。



About　2　o'clock　orders　came　to　carry　the　line　at　the　foot　of　the

ridge；　attacking　at　a　signal　of　six　guns。　　I　had　few　changes　or　new

dispositions　to　make。　　Wagner's　brigade；　which　was　next　to　Wood's

division；　was　formed　in　double　lines；　and　Harker's　brigade　took　the

same　formation　on　Wagner's　right。　　Colonel　F。　T。　Sherman's　brigade

came　on　Harker's　right；　formed　in　a　column　of　attack；　with　a　front　of

three　regiments；　he　having　nine。　　My　whole　front　was　covered　with　a

heavy　line　of　skirmishers。　　These　dispositions　made；　my　right　rested

a　little　distance　south　of　Moore's　road；　my　left　joined　Wood　over

toward　Orchard　Knob；　while　my　centre　was　opposite　Thurman's　house

the　headquarters　of　General　Braggon　Missionary　Ridge。　　A　small

stream　of　water　ran　parallel　to　my　front；　as　far　as　which　the　ground

was　covered　by　a　thin　patch　of　timber；　and　beyond　the　edge　of　the

timber　was　an　open　plain　to　the　foot　of　Missionary　Ridge；　varying　in

width　from　four　to　nine　hundred　yards。　　At　the　foot　of　the　ridge　was

the　enemy's　first　line　of　rifle…pits；　at　a　point　midway　up　its　face；

another　line；　incomplete；　and　on　the　crest　was　a　third　line；　in　which

Bragg　had　massed　his　artillery。



The　enemy　saw　we　were　making　dispositions　for　an　attack；　and　in　plain

view　of　my　whole　division　he　prepared　himself　for　resistance；

marching　regiments　from　his　left　flank　with　flying　colors；　and

filling　up　the　spaces　not　already　occupied　in　his　intrenchments。

Seeing　the　enemy　thus　strengthening　himself；　it　was　plain　that　we

would　have　to　act　quickly　if　we　expected　to　accomplish　much；　and　I

already　began　to　doubt　the　feasibility　of　our　remaining　in　the　first

line　of　rifle…pits　when　we　should　have　carried　them。　　I　discussed　the

order　with　Wagner；　Harker；　and　Sherman；　and　they　were　similarly

impressed；　so　while　anxiously　awaiting　the　signal　I　sent　Captain

Ransom　of　my　staff　to　Granger；　who　was　at　Fort　Wood；　to　ascertain　if

we　were　to　carry　the　first　line　or　the　ridge　beyond。　　Shortly　after

Ransom　started　the　signal　guns　were　fired；　and　I　told　my　brigade

commanders　to　go　for　the　ridge。



Placing　myself　in　front　of　Harker's　brigade；　between　the　line　of

battle　and　the　skirmishers；　accompanied　by　only　an　orderly　so　as　not

to　attract　the　enemy's　fire；　we　moved　out。　　Under　a　terrible　storm　of

shot　and　shell　the　line　pressed　forward　steadily　through　the　timber；

and　as　it　emerged　on　the　plain　took　the　double…quick　and　with　fixed

bayonets　rushed　at　the　enemy's　first　line。　　Not　a　shot　was　fired　from

our　line　of　battle；　and　as　it　gained　on　my　skirmishers　they　melted

into　and　became　one　with　it；　and　all　three　of　my　brigades　went　over

the　rifle…pits　simultaneously。　　They　then　lay　down　on　the　face　of　the

ridge；　for　a　breathing…spell　and　for　protection'　from　the　terrible

fire；　of　canister　and　musketry　pouring　over　us　from　the　guns　on　the

crest。　　At　the　rifle…pits　there　had　been　little　use　for　the　bayonet；

for　most　of　the　Confederate　troops；　disconcerted　by　the　sudden　rush；

lay　close　in　the　ditch　and　surrendered；　though　some　few　fled　up　the

slope　to　the　next　line。　　The　prisoners　were　directed　to　move　out　to

our　rear；　and　as　their　intrenchments　had　now　come　under　fire　from　the

crest；　they　went　with　alacrity；　and　without　guard　or　escort；　toward

Chattanooga。



After　a　short　pause　to　get　breath　the　ascent　of　the　ridge　began；　and

I　rode；　into　the　ditch　of　the　intrenchments　to　drive　out　a　few

skulkers　who　were　hiding　there。　　Just　at　this　time　I　was　joined　by

Captain　Ransom；　who；　having　returned　from　Granger；　told　me　that　we

were　to　carry　only　the　line　at　the　base；　and　that　in　coming　back；

when　he　struck　the　left　of　the　division；　knowing　this　interpretation

of　the　order；　he　in　his　capacity　as　an　aide…de…camp　had　directed

Wagner；　who　was　up　on　the　face　of　the　ridge；　to　return；　and　that　in

consequence　Wagner　was　recalling　his　men　to　the　base。　　I　could　not

bear　to　order　the　recall　of　troops　now　so　gallantly　climbing　the　hill

step　by　step；　and　believing　we　could　take　it；　I　immediately　rode　to

Wagner's　brigade　and　directed　it　to　resume　the　attack。　　In　the

meantime　Harker's　and　F。　T。　Sherman's　troops　were　approaching　the

partial　line　of　works　midway　of　the　ridge；　and　as　I　returned　to　the

centre　of　their　rear；　they　were　being　led　by　many　stands　of

regimental　colors。　　There　seemed　to　be　a　rivalry　as　to　which　color

should　be　farthest　to　the　front；　first　one　would　go　forward　a　few

feet；　then　another　would　come　up　to　it；　the　color…bearers　vying　with

one　another　as　to　who　should　be　foremost；　until　finally　every

standard　was　planted　on　the　intermediate　works。　　The　enemy's　fire

from　the　crest　during　the　ascent　was　terrific　in　the　noise　made；　but

as　it　was　plunging；　it　over…shot　and　had　little　effect　on　those　above

the　second　line　of　pits；　but　was　very　uncomfortable　for　those　below；

so　I　deemed　it　advisable　to　seek　another　place；　and　Wagner's　brigade

having　reassembled　and　again　pressed　up　the　ridge；　I　rode　up　the　face

to　join　my　troops。



As　soon　as　the　men　saw　me；　they　surged　forward　and　went　over　the

works　on　the　crest。　　The　parapet　of　the　intrenchment　was　too　high　for

my　horse　to　jump；　so；　riding　a　short　distance　to　the　left；　I　entered

through　a　low　place　in　the　line。　　A　few　Confederates　were　found

inside；　but　they　turned　the　butts　of　their　muskets　toward　me　in　token

of　surrender；　for　our　men　were　now　passing　beyond　them　on　both　their

flanks。



The　right　and　right　centre　of　my　division　gained　the　summit　first；

they　being　partially　sheltered　by　a　depression　in　the　face　of　the

ridge；　the　Confederates　in　their　immediate　front　fleeing　down　the

southern　face。　　When　I　crossed　the　rifle…pits　on　the　top　the

Confederates　were　still　holding　fast　at　Bragg's　headquarters；　and　a

battery　located　there　opened　fire　along　the　crest；　making　things　most

uncomfortably　hot。　　Seeing　the　danger　to　which　I　was　exposed；　for　I

was　mounted；　Colonel　Joseph　Conrad；　of　the　Fifteenth　Missouri；　ran　up

and　begged　me　to　dismount。　　I　accepted　his　excellent　advice；　and　it

probably　saved　my　life；　bu