the dawn of amateur radio in the u[1].k.(收音机雏形的诞生)-第15章
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（storage battery）。 H。T of 130 volts was obtained from a bank of small
accumulators in series。 As I had not learned how to make a charger I had
to carry these two units to a local garage regularly for re…charging。
Apart from commercial telegraph stations there was little else to hear。
I had still not heard about ‘amateur' radio。 The B。B。C。 was carrying out
test transmissions from Chelmsford for what became the Empire Service
（now the World Service） using the callsign G5SW。 There was also G6RX
which stood for Rugby Experimental； operated by the British Post Office。
They were experimenting with ship…to…shore telephony； and after setting
up a circuit the operator used to say 〃over to condition A〃 （and sometimes
B） which was very frustrating for me because the voices then became
scrambled and quite unintelligible。 When I first began transmitting six
years later； having ‘discovered' the amateurs； I chose the callsign RX as I
had been a listener so long； and also remembering the excitement of
listening to G6RX。
In 1930 I moved to Athens and became a salesman for RCA radios。 It
was there that I met Bill Tavaniotis； SV1KE； and his mechanic Pol
SV1AZ （now N2DOE）。 None of us had official licences because the
Greek State did not recognise the existence of amateur radio； and in fact
Athens did not even have a broadcasting station until 1938； although a
station had been operating since 1928 in Salonica （Thessaloniki） the
second largest city of Greece。 But the Head of the W/T section at the
Ministry of Posts & Telegraphs （Greek initials T。T。T） Mr Stefanos
Eleftheriou knew all about us and gave us his unofficial blessing。
My first transmitter was just an electron coupled oscillator using a
type 59 output pentode from a radio。 With an input of around 5 watts I was
able to achieve W。A。C。 on 14 MHz in 25 minutes one very exciting
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The dawn of amateur radio in the U。K。 and Greece ： a personal view
afternoon。 There were very few stations around and single frequency
working had not been heard of yet。 It was the middle of the sunspot cycle
（which I knew nothing of） and propagation must have been exceptionally
good。
Another thing we had never heard of in those innocent days was
SWR。 I had a Hot Wire ammeter and always tuned for maximum
deflection； completely oblivious of the fact that a large proportion of the
indicated value was ‘reflected power'。 I moved to ‘high power' when I
added a 210 P。A。 to my rig。
Obviously the prefix SV was quite a rare one and SV stations were
much sought after； particularly the handful who used CW。 But as I
described in a short article in the October 1948 issue of the SHORT
WAVE MAGAZINE published in London； it was not all fun being a rare
DX station。 A photo copy appears below：
To return to pre…World War II operating： Most operators used crystal
oscillators in order to have a clean ‘9x' note。 It was quite normal procedure
to call CQ on one's crystal frequency； say 14；076 KHz and then go over
and start combing the band from 14；000 for replies。 At that time 20 metres
covered 14；000 to 14；400 KHz。； and the 15 metre band had not been
allocated to the amateur service。
In September 1939 Hitler invaded Poland and all of us hastily and
voluntarily dismantled our transmitters and scattered the components； as
there was nobody to order us to close down。
In the latter part of April 1941 the German army marched into the
northern suburbs of Athens at 11 o'clock in the morning。 At 3 o'clock in
the afternoon of the same day； a strong unit of the Gestapo arrived in the
southern suburb of Kallithea and surrounded the block in which my house
was situated and broke into it； looking for me and my transmitter。 Of
course I had dismantled everything 19 months previously and even taken
down the antenna。 So after this long period of QRT how did they know
where to find me？ Well； FOUR YEARS EARLIER I had won the first
prize for Greece in the D。A。S。D。 DX Contest for 1937 and the German
society had sent me a nice certificate。 You can draw your own conclusions。
I heard later （because I had left a few days earlier for Egypt with the staff
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The dawn of amateur radio in the U。K。 and Greece ： a personal view
of the British Embassy） that the Gestapo had visited all the active
amateurs and had managed to arrest only one of them； Nasos Coucoulis
SV1SM （later SV1AC） and put him in a concentration camp in Italy for
nearly a year。
I would like to sketch briefly the turbulent events of the following
three years with some extracts from my diaries。
One year earlier； in 1940； following the invasion of Greece by the
Italian army operating from Albania； the broadcasting authority in Athens
（ETHNIKON IDRIMA RADIOFONIAS） began a news service in English
which was beamed to England and the U。S。A。 on the short waves。 In my
capacity as a member of the Press Department staff of the British Embassy
I took part in the first programme； and in fact read the first news bulletin；
which went out at 3 a。m。 Athens time。 As I said above； early in April I was
transferred to the British Embassy in Cairo； Egypt。
1941： Very small contingents of the British army landed in Greece to
help the Greek army。 But they proved totally incapable of standing up to
the onslaught of the German army which followed soon after。 The Greek
army laid down its arms in Epirus （north…western Greece）。 General
Tsolakoglou became the first 'Quisling' Prime Minister of Greece。 King
George and his government； under Premier Emmanouil Tsouderos had left
for Cairo。
1942： In North Africa General Rommel had advanced to within 100
miles of Cairo； but his supply lines had become very long。 One of the most
important was the railway link through Greece； so the British strategists
decided that attempts must be made to disrupt it。 The Special Operations
Executive （S。O。E。） in London； despatched two small groups of saboteurs
（about a dozen men altogether） under the command of Brigadier Eddie
Myers and Major Chris Woodhouse who had the task of linking up with
the various bands of ‘Andartes' （Resistance movement fighters） which had
started forming in the mountains。
Unfortunately； the British officers were told nothing at all about the
bitter rivalries between the various groups； most probably because H。Q。 in
Cairo were themselves ignorant about the real situation。 It didn't take
Meyers and Woodhouse long to discover that by far the largest group was
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E。L。A。S。 （the Popular Liberation Army） under Aris Velouhiotis； about 120
ill…equipped men operating in the Pindus mountains。 Another smaller
group of about 60 men had rallied round a regular officer of the Greek
army； Colonel Napoleon Zervas。 They called themselves the National
Republican Greek League （Greek initials E。D。E。S。）
I met Zervas personally years later when he was Minister of the
Interior （and therefore responsible for the Police）。 I was then acting as
interpreter for the Assistant…Head of the British Police Mission to Greece。
I remember vividly with what relish he described to Colonel Prosser his
method of torturing E。L。A。S。 prisoners； which left no physical marks on
any part of the body。
It was in the course of a secret visit to Athens that young Chris
Woodhouse found out the real chain of command； when he was introduced
to George Siantos； the Secretary of the Greek Communist Party （Greek
initials K。K。E。）。 The K。K。E。 controlled E。A。M。； the National Liberation
Front which； in turn； ran E。L。A。S。 But with a title like that （National
Liberation Front） it was easy to see why E。A。M。 enjoyed such widespread
support； not only in the countryside； but also among the intelligentsia in
Athens。
But the task of the S。O。E。 officers was made very difficult for various
reasons： Winston Churchill had given orders that they were to support； as
far as possible； only those guerrilla leaders who favoured the King … but
there were none； or very few。 The S。O。E。 units had orders to cause the
maximum disruption to the German occupation of the country。 And that
was impossible without the support of E。L。A。S。； which was controlled by
the Communists。 At the outset； it became obvious to the S。O。E。 officers
that military and political priorities were already in conflict。
E。L。A。S。 forces were getting stronger every day and very soon they
began attacking fellow Greeks in non…communist Andarte units。 The
successful attack on the railway bridge over the Gorgopotamos river on
the 26th of November was the first and last time that ELAS and EDES co…
operated against the common enemy under the coercion and technical
guidance of the British。
1943： Friction between EDES and ELAS continued to increase。
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The dawn of amateur radio in the U。K。 and Greece ： a personal view
When Eddie Myers told them that he had been instructed to destroy the
bridge over the Asopos river； ELAS said it was too dangerous a target and
refused to help； so this became an all…British operation。 A 24…year…old
demolition expert of the Royal Engineers Captain Ken Scott； was sent
from Cairo。 He was dropped by parachute； and planned the successful
