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С˵£º flying machines ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ3500×Ö

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glider¡¡the¡¡flying¡¡machine£»¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡accomplish¡¡the

desired¡¡results£»¡¡should¡¡be¡¡headed¡¡into¡¡the¡¡wind¡£



When¡¡the¡¡Machine¡¡Rises¡£



Under¡¡the¡¡impulse¡¡of¡¡the¡¡pushing¡¡movement£»¡¡and¡¡assisted

by¡¡the¡¡motor¡¡action£»¡¡the¡¡machine¡¡will¡¡gradually

rise¡¡from¡¡the¡¡groundprovided¡¡it¡¡has¡¡been¡¡properly

proportioned¡¡and¡¡put¡¡together£»¡¡and¡¡everything¡¡is¡¡in¡¡working

order¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡the¡¡time¡¡when¡¡the¡¡aviator¡¡requires

a¡¡cool¡¡head£»¡¡At¡¡a¡¡modest¡¡distance¡¡from¡¡the¡¡ground¡¡use

the¡¡control¡¡lever¡¡to¡¡bring¡¡the¡¡machine¡¡on¡¡a¡¡horizontal

level¡¡and¡¡overcome¡¡the¡¡tendency¡¡to¡¡rise¡£¡¡The¡¡exact

manipulation¡¡of¡¡this¡¡lever¡¡depends¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡method¡¡of

control¡¡adopted£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡this¡¡the¡¡aviator¡¡is¡¡supposed

to¡¡have¡¡thoroughly¡¡familiarized¡¡himself¡¡as¡¡previously

advised¡¡in¡¡Chapter¡¡XI¡£



It¡¡is¡¡at¡¡this¡¡juncture¡¡that¡¡the¡¡operator¡¡must¡¡act

promptly£»¡¡but¡¡with¡¡the¡¡perfect¡¡composure¡¡begotten¡¡of

confidence¡£¡¡One¡¡of¡¡the¡¡great¡¡drawbacks¡¡in¡¡aviation¡¡by

novices¡¡is¡¡the¡¡tendency¡¡to¡¡become¡¡rattled£»¡¡and¡¡this¡¡is

much¡¡more¡¡prevalent¡¡than¡¡one¡¡might¡¡suppose£»¡¡even

among¡¡men¡¡who£»¡¡under¡¡other¡¡conditions£»¡¡are¡¡cool¡¡and

confident¡¡in¡¡their¡¡actions¡£



There¡¡is¡¡something¡¡in¡¡the¡¡sensation¡¡of¡¡being¡¡suddenly

lifted¡¡from¡¡the¡¡ground£»¡¡and¡¡suspended¡¡in¡¡the¡¡air¡¡that¡¡is

disconcerting¡¡at¡¡the¡¡start£»¡¡but¡¡this¡¡will¡¡soon¡¡wear¡¡off¡¡if

the¡¡experimenter¡¡will¡¡keep¡¡cool¡£¡¡A¡¡few¡¡successful¡¡flights

no¡¡matter¡¡how¡¡short¡¡they¡¡may¡¡be£»¡¡will¡¡put¡¡a¡¡lot¡¡of

confidence¡¡into¡¡him¡£



Make¡¡Your¡¡Flights¡¡Short¡£



Be¡¡modest¡¡in¡¡your¡¡initial¡¡flights¡£¡¡Don't¡¡attempt¡¡to

match¡¡the¡¡records¡¡of¡¡experienced¡¡men¡¡who¡¡have¡¡devoted

years¡¡to¡¡mastering¡¡the¡¡details¡¡of¡¡aviation¡£¡¡Paulhan£»

Farman£»¡¡Bleriot£»¡¡Wright£»¡¡Curtiss£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡the¡¡rest¡¡of

them¡¡began£»¡¡and¡¡practiced¡¡for¡¡years£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡manner¡¡here

described£»¡¡being¡¡content¡¡to¡¡make¡¡just¡¡a¡¡little¡¡advancement

at¡¡each¡¡attempt¡£¡¡A¡¡flight¡¡of¡¡150¡¡feet£»¡¡cleanly¡¡and

safely¡¡made£»¡¡is¡¡better¡¡as¡¡a¡¡beginning¡¡than¡¡one¡¡of¡¡400

yards¡¡full¡¡of¡¡bungling¡¡mishaps¡£



And¡¡yet¡¡these¡¡latter¡¡have¡¡their¡¡uses£»¡¡provided¡¡the

operator¡¡is¡¡of¡¡a¡¡discerning¡¡mind¡¡and¡¡can¡¡take¡¡advantage

of¡¡them¡¡as¡¡object¡¡lessons¡£¡¡But£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡not¡¡well¡¡to¡¡invite

them¡£¡¡They¡¡will¡¡occur¡¡frequently¡¡enough¡¡under¡¡the

most¡¡favorable¡¡conditions£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡is¡¡best¡¡to¡¡have¡¡them

come¡¡later¡¡when¡¡the¡¡feeling¡¡of¡¡trepidation¡¡and¡¡uncertainty

as¡¡to¡¡what¡¡to¡¡do¡¡has¡¡worn¡¡off¡£



Above¡¡all£»¡¡don't¡¡attempt¡¡to¡¡fly¡¡too¡¡high¡£¡¡Keep¡¡within

a¡¡reasonable¡¡distance¡¡from¡¡the¡¡groundabout¡¡25¡¡or¡¡30

feet¡£¡¡This¡¡advice¡¡is¡¡not¡¡given¡¡solely¡¡to¡¡lessen¡¡the¡¡risk

of¡¡serious¡¡accident¡¡in¡¡case¡¡of¡¡collapse£»¡¡but¡¡mainly¡¡because

it¡¡will¡¡assist¡¡to¡¡instill¡¡confidence¡¡in¡¡the¡¡operator¡£



It¡¡is¡¡comparatively¡¡easy¡¡to¡¡learn¡¡to¡¡swim¡¡in¡¡shallow

water£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡knowledge¡¡that¡¡one¡¡is¡¡tempting¡¡death¡¡in

deep¡¡water¡¡begets¡¡timidity¡£



Preserving¡¡the¡¡Equilibrium¡£



After¡¡learning¡¡how¡¡to¡¡start¡¡and¡¡stop£»¡¡to¡¡ascend¡¡and

descend£»¡¡the¡¡next¡¡thing¡¡to¡¡master¡¡is¡¡the¡¡art¡¡of¡¡preserving

equilibrium£»¡¡the¡¡knack¡¡of¡¡keeping¡¡the¡¡machine¡¡perfectly

level¡¡in¡¡the¡¡airon¡¡an¡¡¡¨even¡¡keel£»¡¨¡¡as¡¡a¡¡sailor¡¡would

say¡£¡¡This¡¡simile¡¡is¡¡particularly¡¡appropriate¡¡as¡¡all¡¡aviators

are¡¡in¡¡reality¡¡sailors£»¡¡and¡¡much¡¡more¡¡daring¡¡ones

than¡¡those¡¡who¡¡course¡¡the¡¡seas¡£¡¡The¡¡latter¡¡are¡¡in¡¡craft

which¡¡are¡¡kept¡¡afloat¡¡by¡¡the¡¡buoyancy¡¡of¡¡the¡¡water£»

whether¡¡in¡¡motion¡¡or¡¡otherwise¡¡and£»¡¡so¡¡long¡¡as¡¡normal

conditions¡¡prevail£»¡¡will¡¡not¡¡sink¡£¡¡Aviators¡¡sail¡¡the¡¡air

in¡¡craft¡¡in¡¡which¡¡constant¡¡motion¡¡must¡¡be¡¡maintained¡¡in

order¡¡to¡¡ensure¡¡flotation¡£



The¡¡man¡¡who¡¡has¡¡ridden¡¡a¡¡bicycle¡¡or¡¡motorcycle

around¡¡curves¡¡at¡¡anything¡¡like¡¡high¡¡speed£»¡¡will¡¡have¡¡a

very¡¡good¡¡idea¡¡as¡¡to¡¡the¡¡principle¡¡of¡¡maintaining¡¡equilibrium

in¡¡an¡¡airship¡£¡¡He¡¡knows¡¡that¡¡in¡¡rounding¡¡curves

rapidly¡¡there¡¡is¡¡a¡¡marked¡¡tendency¡¡to¡¡change¡¡the¡¡direction

of¡¡the¡¡motion¡¡which¡¡will¡¡result¡¡in¡¡an¡¡upset¡¡unless

he¡¡overcomes¡¡it¡¡by¡¡an¡¡inclination¡¡of¡¡his¡¡body¡¡in¡¡an¡¡opposite

direction¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡why¡¡we¡¡see¡¡racers¡¡lean¡¡well

over¡¡when¡¡taking¡¡the¡¡curves¡£¡¡It¡¡simply¡¡must¡¡be¡¡done

to¡¡preserve¡¡the¡¡equilibrium¡¡and¡¡avoid¡¡a¡¡spill¡£



How¡¡It¡¡Works¡¡In¡¡the¡¡Air¡£



If¡¡the¡¡equilibrium¡¡of¡¡an¡¡airship¡¡is¡¡disturbed¡¡to¡¡an

extent¡¡which¡¡completely¡¡overcomes¡¡the¡¡center¡¡of¡¡gravity

it¡¡falls¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the¡¡location¡¡of¡¡the¡¡displacement¡£

If¡¡this¡¡displacement£»¡¡for¡¡instance£»¡¡is¡¡at¡¡either¡¡end¡¡the

apparatus¡¡falls¡¡endways£»¡¡if¡¡it¡¡is¡¡to¡¡the¡¡front¡¡or¡¡rear£»¡¡the

fall¡¡is¡¡in¡¡the¡¡corresponding¡¡direction¡£



Owing¡¡to¡¡uncertain¡¡air¡¡currentsthe¡¡air¡¡is¡¡continually

shifting¡¡and¡¡eddying£»¡¡especially¡¡within¡¡a¡¡hundred¡¡feet¡¡or

so¡¡of¡¡the¡¡earththe¡¡equilibrium¡¡of¡¡an¡¡airship¡¡is¡¡almost

constantly¡¡being¡¡disturbed¡¡to¡¡some¡¡extent¡£¡¡Even¡¡if¡¡this

disturbance¡¡is¡¡not¡¡serious¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡bring¡¡on¡¡a¡¡fall¡¡it

interferes¡¡with¡¡the¡¡progress¡¡of¡¡the¡¡machine£»¡¡and¡¡should

be¡¡overcome¡¡at¡¡once¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡things¡¡connected

with¡¡aerial¡¡navigation¡¡which¡¡calls¡¡for¡¡prompt£»

intelligent¡¡action¡£



Frequently£»¡¡when¡¡the¡¡displacement¡¡is¡¡very¡¡slight£»¡¡it

may¡¡be¡¡overcome£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡craft¡¡immediately¡¡righted¡¡by

a¡¡mere¡¡shifting¡¡of¡¡the¡¡operator's¡¡body¡£¡¡Take£»¡¡for¡¡illustration£»

a¡¡case¡¡in¡¡which¡¡the¡¡extreme¡¡right¡¡end¡¡of¡¡the

machine¡¡becomes¡¡lowered¡¡a¡¡trifle¡¡from¡¡the¡¡normal¡¡level¡£

It¡¡is¡¡possible¡¡to¡¡bring¡¡it¡¡back¡¡into¡¡proper¡¡position¡¡by

leaning¡¡over¡¡to¡¡the¡¡left¡¡far¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡shift¡¡the¡¡weight

to¡¡the¡¡counter¡­balancing¡¡point¡£¡¡The¡¡same¡¡holds¡¡good¡¡as

to¡¡minor¡¡front¡¡or¡¡rear¡¡displacements¡£



When¡¡Planes¡¡Must¡¡Be¡¡Used¡£



There¡¡are¡¡other¡¡displacements£»¡¡however£»¡¡and¡¡these¡¡are

the¡¡most¡¡frequent£»¡¡which¡¡can¡¡be¡¡only¡¡overcome¡¡by¡¡manipulation¡¡of

the¡¡stabilizing¡¡planes¡£¡¡The¡¡method¡¡of¡¡procedure

depends¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡form¡¡of¡¡machine¡¡in¡¡use¡£¡¡The

Wright¡¡machine£»¡¡as¡¡previously¡¡explained£»¡¡is¡¡equipped

with¡¡plane¡¡ends¡¡which¡¡are¡¡so¡¡contrived¡¡as¡¡to¡¡admit¡¡of

their¡¡being¡¡warped¡¡£¨position¡¡changed£©¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡the

lever¡¡control¡£¡¡These¡¡flexible¡¡tip¡¡planes¡¡move¡¡simultaneously£»

but¡¡in¡¡opposite¡¡directions¡£¡¡As¡¡those¡¡on¡¡one¡¡end

rise£»¡¡those¡¡on¡¡the¡¡other¡¡end¡¡fall¡¡below¡¡the¡¡level¡¡of¡¡the

main¡¡plane¡£¡¡By¡¡this¡¡means¡¡air¡¡is¡¡displaced¡¡at¡¡one¡¡point£»

and¡¡an¡¡increased¡¡amount¡¡secured¡¡in¡¡another¡£



This¡¡may¡¡seem¡¡like¡¡a¡¡complicated¡¡system£»¡¡but¡¡its

workings¡¡are¡¡simple¡¡when¡¡once¡¡understood¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡by

the¡¡manipulation¡¡or¡¡warping¡¡of¡¡these¡¡flexible¡¡tips¡¡that

transverse¡¡stability¡¡is¡¡maintained£»¡¡and¡¡any¡¡tendency¡¡to

displacement¡¡endways¡¡is¡¡overcome¡£¡¡Longitudinal¡¡stability

is¡¡governed¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡the¡¡front¡¡rudder¡£



Stabilizing¡¡planes¡¡of¡¡some¡¡form¡¡are¡¡a¡¡feature£»¡¡and¡¡a

necessary¡¡feature£»¡¡on¡¡all¡¡flying¡¡machines£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡methods

of¡¡application¡¡and¡¡manipulation¡¡vary¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the

individual¡¡ideas¡¡of¡¡the¡¡inventors¡£¡¡They¡¡all¡¡tend£»¡¡however£»

toward¡¡the¡¡same¡¡endthe¡¡keeping¡¡of¡¡the¡¡machine

perfectly¡¡level¡¡when¡¡being¡¡navigated¡¡in¡¡the¡¡air¡£



When¡¡to¡¡Make¡¡a¡¡Flight¡£



A¡¡beginner¡¡should¡¡never¡¡attempt¡¡to¡¡make¡¡a¡¡flight

when¡¡a¡¡strong¡¡wind¡¡is¡¡blowing¡£¡¡The¡¡fiercer¡¡the¡¡wind£»

the¡¡more¡¡likely¡¡it¡¡is¡¡to¡¡be¡¡gusty¡¡and¡¡uncertain£»¡¡and¡¡the

more¡¡difficult¡¡it¡¡will¡¡be¡¡to¡¡control¡¡the¡¡machine¡£¡¡Even

the¡¡most¡¡experienced¡¡and¡¡daring¡¡of¡¡aviators¡¡find¡¡there

is¡¡a¡¡limit¡¡to¡¡wind¡¡speed¡¡against¡¡which¡¡they¡¡dare¡¡not

compete¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡not¡¡because¡¡they¡¡lack¡¡courage£»¡¡but

have¡¡the¡¡sense¡¡to¡¡realize¡¡that¡¡it¡¡would¡¡be¡¡silly¡¡and¡¡useless¡£



The¡¡novice¡¡will¡¡find¡¡a¡¡comparatively¡¡still¡¡day£»¡¡or¡¡one

when¡¡the¡¡wind¡¡is¡¡blowing¡¡at¡¡not¡¡to¡¡exceed¡¡15¡¡miles¡¡an

hour£»¡¡the¡¡best¡¡for¡¡his¡¡experiments¡£¡¡The¡¡machine¡¡will¡¡be

more¡¡easily¡¡controlled£»¡¡the¡¡trip¡¡will¡¡be¡¡safer£»¡¡and¡¡also

cheaper¡¡as¡¡the¡¡consumption¡¡of¡¡fuel¡¡increases¡¡with¡¡the

speed¡¡of¡¡the¡¡wind¡¡against¡¡which¡¡the¡¡aeroplane¡¡is¡¡forced¡£







CHAPTER¡¡XIII¡£



PECULIARITIES¡¡OF¡¡AIRSHIP¡¡POWER¡£



As¡¡a¡¡general¡¡proposition¡¡it¡¡takes¡¡much¡¡more¡¡power¡¡to

propel¡¡an¡¡airship¡¡a¡¡given¡¡number¡¡of¡¡miles¡¡in¡¡a¡¡certain

time¡¡than¡¡it¡¡does¡¡an¡¡automobile¡¡carrying¡¡a¡¡far¡¡heavier

load¡£¡¡Automobiles¡¡with¡¡a¡¡gross¡¡load¡¡of¡¡4£»000¡¡pounds£»

and¡¡equipped¡¡with¡¡engines¡¡of¡¡30¡¡horsepower£»¡¡have¡¡travelled

considerable¡¡distances¡¡at¡¡the¡¡rate¡¡of¡¡50¡¡miles¡¡an

hour¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡an¡¡equivalent¡¡of¡¡about¡¡134¡¡pounds¡¡per

horsepower¡£¡¡For¡¡an¡¡average¡¡modern¡¡flying¡¡machine£»

with¡¡a¡¡total¡¡load£»¡¡machine¡¡and¡¡passengers£»¡¡of¡¡1£»200

pounds£»¡¡and¡¡equipped¡¡with¡¡a¡¡50¡­horsepower¡¡engine£»¡¡50

miles¡¡an¡¡hour¡¡is¡¡the¡¡maximum¡£¡¡Here¡¡we¡¡have¡¡the¡¡equivalent

of¡¡exactly¡¡24¡¡pounds¡¡per¡¡horsepower¡£¡¡Why¡¡this

great¡¡difference£¿



No¡¡less¡¡an¡¡authority¡¡than¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Octave¡¡Chanute¡¡answers

the¡¡question¡¡in¡¡a¡¡plain£»¡¡easily¡¡understood¡¡manner¡£¡¡He

says£º



¡¨In¡¡the¡¡case¡¡of¡¡an¡¡automobile¡¡the¡¡ground¡¡furnishes¡¡a

stable¡¡support£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡case¡¡of¡¡a¡¡flying¡¡machine¡¡the¡¡engine

must¡¡furnish¡¡the¡¡support¡¡and¡¡also¡¡velocity¡¡by¡¡which¡¡the

apparatus¡¡is¡¡sustained¡¡in¡¡the¡¡air¡£¡¨



Pressure¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Wind¡£



Air¡¡pressure¡¡is¡¡a¡¡big¡¡factor¡¡in¡¡the¡¡matter¡¡of¡¡aeroplane

horsepower¡£¡¡Allowing¡¡that¡¡a¡¡dead¡¡calm¡¡exists£»¡¡a¡¡body

moving¡¡in¡¡the¡¡atmosphere¡¡creates¡¡more¡¡or¡¡less¡¡resistance¡£

The¡¡faster¡¡it¡¡moves£»¡¡the¡¡greater¡¡is¡¡this¡¡resistance¡£

Moving¡¡at¡¡the¡¡rate¡¡of¡¡60¡¡miles¡¡an¡¡hour¡¡the¡¡resistance£»

or¡¡wind¡¡pressure£»¡¡is¡¡approximately¡¡50¡¡pounds¡¡to¡¡the

square¡¡foot¡¡of¡¡surface¡¡presented¡£¡¡If¡¡the¡¡moving¡¡object

is¡¡advancing¡¡at¡¡a¡¡right¡¡angle¡¡to¡¡the¡¡wind¡¡the¡¡following

table¡¡will¡¡give¡¡the¡¡horsepower¡¡effect¡¡of¡¡the¡¡resistance

per¡¡square¡¡foot¡¡of¡¡surface¡¡at¡¡various¡¡speeds¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Horse¡¡Power

Miles¡¡per¡¡Hour¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡per¡¡sq¡£¡¡foot

10¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡0¡£013

15¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡0¡¡044

20¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡0¡£105

25¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡0¡£205

30¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡0¡£354

40¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡0¡£84

50¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡£64

60¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡£83

80¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡6¡£72

100¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡13¡£12



While¡¡the¡¡pressure¡¡per¡¡square¡¡foot¡¡at¡¡60¡¡miles¡¡an¡¡hour£»

is¡¡only¡¡1¡£64¡¡horsepower£»¡¡at¡¡100¡¡miles£»¡¡less¡¡than¡¡double

the¡¡speed£»¡¡it¡¡has¡¡increased¡¡to¡¡13¡£12¡¡horsepower£»¡¡or¡¡exactly

eight¡¡times¡¡as¡¡much¡£¡¡In¡¡other¡¡words¡¡the¡¡pressure

of¡¡the¡¡wind¡¡increases¡¡with¡¡the¡¡square¡¡of¡¡the¡¡velocity¡£

Wind¡¡at¡¡10¡¡miles¡¡an¡¡hour¡¡has¡¡four¡¡times¡¡more¡¡pressure

than¡¡wind¡¡at¡¡5¡¡miles¡¡an¡¡hour¡£



How¡¡to¡¡Determine¡¡Upon¡¡Power¡£



This¡¡element¡¡of¡¡air¡¡resistance¡¡must¡¡be¡¡taken¡¡into¡¡consideration

in¡¡determining¡¡the¡¡engine¡¡horsepower¡¡required¡£

When¡¡the¡¡machine¡¡is¡¡under¡¡headway¡¡sufficient

to¡¡raise¡¡it¡¡from¡¡the¡¡ground¡¡£¨about¡¡20¡¡miles¡¡an¡¡hour£©£»

each¡¡square¡¡foot¡¡of¡¡surface¡¡resistance£»¡¡will¡¡require¡¡nearly

nine¡­tenths¡¡of¡¡a¡¡horsepower¡¡to¡¡overcome¡¡the¡¡wind¡¡pressure£»

and¡¡propel¡¡the¡¡machine¡¡through¡¡the¡¡air¡£¡¡As

shown¡¡in¡¡the¡¡table¡¡the¡¡ratio¡¡of¡¡power¡¡required¡¡increases

rapidly¡¡as¡¡the¡¡speed¡¡increases¡¡until¡¡at¡¡60¡¡miles¡¡an¡¡hour

approximately¡¡3¡¡horsepower¡¡is¡¡needed¡£



In¡¡a¡¡machine¡¡like¡¡the¡¡Curtiss¡¡the¡¡area¡¡of¡¡wind¡­exposed

surface¡¡is¡¡about¡¡15¡¡square¡¡feet¡£¡¡On¡¡the¡¡basis¡¡of¡¡this

resistance¡¡moving¡¡the¡¡machine¡¡at¡¡40¡¡miles¡¡an¡¡hour¡¡would

require¡¡12¡¡horsepower¡£¡¡This¡¡computation¡¡covers¡¡only

the¡¡machine's¡¡power¡¡to¡¡overcome¡¡resistance¡£¡¡It¡¡does

not¡¡cover¡¡the¡¡power¡¡exerted¡¡in¡¡propelling¡¡the¡¡machine

forward¡¡after¡¡the¡¡air¡¡pressure¡¡is¡¡overcome¡£¡¡To¡¡meet

this¡¡important¡¡requirement¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Curtiss¡¡finds¡¡it¡¡necessary

to¡¡use¡¡a¡¡50¡­horsepower¡¡engine¡£¡¡Of¡¡this¡¡power£»¡¡as

has¡¡been¡¡already¡¡stated£»¡¡12¡¡horsepower¡¡is¡¡consumed

in¡¡meeting¡¡the¡¡wind¡¡pressure£»¡¡leaving¡¡38¡¡horsepower

for¡¡the¡¡purpose¡¡of¡¡maki

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