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at¡¡1£»200¡¡r¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡m¡££»¡¡and¡¡weighs¡¡130¡¡pounds¡£¡¡The¡¡8¡­cylinder¡¡motor

gives¡¡60¡­70¡¡h¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡at¡¡1£»200¡¡r¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡m¡££»¡¡and¡¡weighs¡¡200¡¡pounds¡£

Simplicity¡¡of¡¡construction¡¡is¡¡the¡¡main¡¡feature¡¡of¡¡this¡¡motor£»

especially¡¡in¡¡the¡¡manipulation¡¡of¡¡the¡¡valves¡£







CHAPTER¡¡XXVI¡£



MONOPLANES£»¡¡TRIPLANES£»¡¡MULTIPLANES¡£



Until¡¡recently£»¡¡American¡¡aviators¡¡had¡¡not¡¡given¡¡serious

attention¡¡to¡¡any¡¡form¡¡of¡¡flying¡¡machines¡¡aside¡¡from¡¡biplanes¡£

Of¡¡the¡¡twenty¡­one¡¡monoplanes¡¡competing¡¡at¡¡the¡¡International

meet¡¡at¡¡Belmont¡¡Park£»¡¡N¡£¡¡Y¡££»¡¡in¡¡November£»¡¡1910£»¡¡only¡¡three

makes¡¡were¡¡handled¡¡by¡¡Americans¡£¡¡Moissant¡¡and¡¡Drexel

navigated¡¡Bleriot¡¡machines£»¡¡Harkness¡¡an¡¡Antoinette£»¡¡and

Glenn¡¡Curtiss¡¡a¡¡single¡¡decker¡¡of¡¡his¡¡own¡¡construction¡£¡¡On

the¡¡other¡¡hand¡¡the¡¡various¡¡foreign¡¡aviators¡¡who¡¡took¡¡part¡¡in

the¡¡meet¡¡unhesitatingly¡¡gave¡¡preference¡¡to¡¡monoplanes¡£



Whatever¡¡may¡¡have¡¡been¡¡the¡¡cause¡¡of¡¡this¡¡seeming¡¡prejudice

against¡¡the¡¡monoplane¡¡on¡¡the¡¡part¡¡of¡¡American¡¡air¡¡sailors£»

it¡¡is¡¡slowly¡¡being¡¡overcome¡£¡¡When¡¡a¡¡man¡¡like¡¡Curtiss£»¡¡who

has¡¡attained¡¡great¡¡success¡¡with¡¡biplanes£»¡¡gives¡¡serious¡¡attention

to¡¡the¡¡monoplane¡¡form¡¡of¡¡construction¡¡and¡¡goes¡¡so¡¡far¡¡as

to¡¡build¡¡and¡¡successfully¡¡operate¡¡a¡¡single¡¡surface¡¡machine£»

it¡¡may¡¡be¡¡taken¡¡for¡¡granted¡¡that¡¡the¡¡monoplane¡¡is¡¡a¡¡fixture¡¡in

this¡¡country¡£



Dimensions¡¡of¡¡Monoplanes¡£



The¡¡makes£»¡¡dimensions¡¡and¡¡equipment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡various¡¡monoplanes

used¡¡at¡¡Belmont¡¡Park¡¡are¡¡as¡¡follows£º



Bleriot£¨Moissant£»¡¡operator£©plane¡¡length¡¡23¡¡feet£»¡¡extreme

breadth¡¡28¡¡feet£»¡¡surface¡¡area¡¡160¡¡square¡¡feet£»¡¡7¡­cylinder£»¡¡50¡¡h¡£

p¡£

Gnome¡¡engine£»¡¡Chauviere¡¡propeller£»¡¡7¡¡feet¡¡6¡¡inches¡¡diameter£»

1£»200¡¡r¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡m¡£



Bleriot£¨Drexel£»¡¡operator£©exactly¡¡the¡¡same¡¡as¡¡Moissant's

machine¡£



Antoinette£¨Harkness£»¡¡operator£©plane¡¡length¡¡42¡¡feet£»

extreme¡¡breadth¡¡46¡¡feet£»¡¡surface¡¡area¡¡377¡¡square¡¡feet£»¡¡Emerson

6¡­cylinder£»¡¡50¡¡h¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡motor£»¡¡Antoinette¡¡propeller£»¡¡7¡¡feet¡¡6¡¡inches

diameter£»¡¡1£»200¡¡r¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡m¡£



Curtiss£¨Glenn¡¡H¡£¡¡Curtiss£»¡¡operator£©plane¡¡length¡¡25¡¡feet£»

extreme¡¡breadth¡¡26¡¡feet£»¡¡surface¡¡area¡¡130¡¡square¡¡feet£»¡¡Curtiss

8¡­cylinder£»¡¡60¡¡h¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡motor£»¡¡Paragon¡¡propeller£»¡¡7¡¡feet¡¡in

diameter£»¡¡1£»200¡¡r¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡m¡£



With¡¡one¡¡exception¡¡Curtiss¡¡had¡¡the¡¡smallest¡¡machine¡¡of

any¡¡of¡¡those¡¡entering¡¡into¡¡competition¡£¡¡The¡¡smallest¡¡was¡¡La

Demoiselle£»¡¡made¡¡by¡¡Santos¡­Dumont£»¡¡the¡¡proportions¡¡of¡¡which

were£º¡¡plane¡¡length¡¡20¡¡feet£»¡¡extreme¡¡breadth¡¡18¡¡feet£»¡¡surface

area¡¡100¡¡square¡¡feet£»¡¡Clement¡­Bayard¡¡2¡­cylinder£»¡¡30¡¡h¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡motor£»

Chauviere¡¡propeller£»¡¡6¡¡feet¡¡6¡¡inches¡¡in¡¡diameter£»¡¡1£»100¡¡r¡£¡¡p¡£¡¡m¡£



Winnings¡¡Made¡¡with¡¡Monoplanes¡£



Operators¡¡of¡¡monoplanes¡¡won¡¡a¡¡fair¡¡share¡¡of¡¡the¡¡cash¡¡prizes¡£

They¡¡won¡¡30£»283¡¡out¡¡of¡¡a¡¡total¡¡of¡¡63£»250£»¡¡to¡¡say¡¡nothing¡¡about

Grahame¡­White's¡¡winnings¡£¡¡The¡¡latter¡¡won¡¡13£»600£»¡¡but¡¡part

of¡¡his¡¡winning¡¡flights¡¡were¡¡made¡¡in¡¡a¡¡Bleriot¡¡monoplane£»¡¡and

part¡¡in¡¡a¡¡Farman¡¡machine¡£¡¡Aside¡¡from¡¡Grahame¡­White¡¡the

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£¨Bleriot£©¡¡1£»300£»¡¡Simon¡¡£¨Bleriot£©¡¡750£»¡¡Andemars¡¡£¨Clement¡­

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Out¡¡of¡¡a¡¡total¡¡of¡¡30£»283£»¡¡operators¡¡of¡¡Bleriot¡¡machines¡¡won

21£»900£»¡¡again¡¡omitting¡¡Grahame¡­White's¡¡share¡£¡¡If¡¡the¡¡winnings

with¡¡monoplane¡¡and¡¡biplane¡¡could¡¡be¡¡divided¡¡so¡¡as¡¡to

show¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡won¡¡with¡¡each¡¡type¡¡of¡¡machine¡¡the¡¡credit

side¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bleriot¡¡account¡¡would¡¡be¡¡materially¡¡enlarged¡£



The¡¡Most¡¡Popular¡¡Monoplanes¡£



While¡¡the¡¡number¡¡of¡¡successful¡¡monoplanes¡¡is¡¡increasing

rapidly£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡is¡¡some¡¡feature¡¡of¡¡advantage¡¡in¡¡nearly¡¡all

the¡¡new¡¡makes£»¡¡interest¡¡centers¡¡chiefly¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Santos¡­Dumont£»

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possibly¡¡because¡¡they¡¡have¡¡had¡¡greater¡¡opportunities¡£



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of¡¡the¡¡monoplane¡¡type¡¡after¡¡the¡¡Santos¡­Dumont¡¡or¡¡Bleriot

models£»¡¡the¡¡following¡¡details¡¡will¡¡be¡¡found¡¡useful¡£



Santos¡­DumontThe¡¡latest¡¡production¡¡of¡¡this¡¡maker¡¡is

called¡¡the¡¡¡¨No¡£¡¡20¡¡Baby¡£¡¨¡¡It¡¡is¡¡of¡¡18¡¡feet¡¡spread£»¡¡and¡¡20¡¡feet

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position

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main

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the¡¡propeller¡¡develops¡¡a¡¡thrust¡¡of¡¡over¡¡200¡¡pounds¡£



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operator¡¡and¡¡fuel¡¡supply¡¡ready¡¡for¡¡a¡¡25¡­¡¡or¡¡30¡­mile¡¡flight£»¡¡715

pounds¡£¡¡One¡¡peculiarity¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bleriot¡¡construction¡¡is¡¡that£»

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preliminary

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curvature¡£¡¡A¡¡good¡¡view¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bleriot¡¡plane¡¡framework¡¡is

given¡¡on¡¡page¡¡63¡£



Combined¡¡Triplane¡¡and¡¡Biplane¡£



At¡¡Norwich£»¡¡Conn¡££»¡¡the¡¡Stebbins¡­Geynet¡¡Co¡££»¡¡after¡¡several

years¡¡of¡¡experiment£»¡¡has¡¡begun¡¡the¡¡manufacture¡¡of¡¡a¡¡combination

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constructors

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this¡¡machine¡¡has¡¡only¡¡24¡­foot¡¡spread¡¡and¡¡is¡¡only¡¡26

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approximately¡¡700¡¡pounds¡¡more¡£



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spruce£»¡¡finished¡¡down¡¡to¡¡a¡¡smooth¡¡surface¡¡and¡¡varnished¡£¡¡All

struts¡¡are¡¡fish¡­shaped¡¡and¡¡set¡¡in¡¡aluminum¡¡sockets£»¡¡which¡¡are

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seven¡­strand¡¡wire¡¡cable¡¡and¡¡Stebbins¡­Geynet¡¡turnbuckles¡¡are

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24¡­foot¡¡spread¡¡and¡¡is¡¡7¡¡feet¡¡in¡¡depth¡£¡¡The¡¡middle¡¡plane¡¡is¡¡in

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center¡¡ends¡¡of¡¡the¡¡middle¡¡plane¡¡sections¡¡do¡¡not¡¡come¡¡within

5¡¡feet¡¡of¡¡joining£»¡¡this¡¡open¡¡space¡¡being¡¡left¡¡for¡¡the¡¡engine¡£

The¡¡bottom¡¡plane¡¡is¡¡of¡¡16¡¡feet¡¡spread¡¡and¡¡5¡¡feet¡¡in¡¡depth¡£¡¡It

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