°®°®Ð¡ËµÍø > ÆäËûµç×ÓÊé > the essays of montaigne, v17 >

µÚ3ÕÂ

the essays of montaigne, v17-µÚ3ÕÂ

С˵£º the essays of montaigne, v17 ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ3500×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




In¡¡eighteen¡¡years¡¡that¡¡I¡¡have¡¡had¡¡my¡¡estate¡¡in¡¡my£»¡¡own¡¡hands£»¡¡I¡¡could
never¡¡prevail¡¡with¡¡myself¡¡either¡¡to¡¡read¡¡over¡¡my¡¡deeds¡¡or¡¡examine¡¡my
principal¡¡affairs£»¡¡which¡¡ought£»¡¡of¡¡necessity£»¡¡to¡¡pass¡¡under¡¡my¡¡knowledge
and¡¡inspection¡£¡¡¡¡'Tis¡¡not¡¡a¡¡philosophical¡¡disdain¡¡of¡¡worldly¡¡and
transitory¡¡things£»¡¡my¡¡taste¡¡is¡¡not¡¡purified¡¡to¡¡that¡¡degree£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡value
them¡¡at¡¡as¡¡great¡¡a¡¡rate£»¡¡at¡¡least£»¡¡as¡¡they¡¡are¡¡worth£»¡¡but¡¡'tis£»¡¡in¡¡truth£»
an¡¡inexcusable¡¡and¡¡childish¡¡laziness¡¡and¡¡negligence¡£¡¡¡¡What¡¡would¡¡I¡¡not
rather¡¡do¡¡than¡¡read¡¡a¡¡contract£¿¡¡¡¡or¡¡than£»¡¡as¡¡a¡¡slave¡¡to¡¡my¡¡own¡¡business£»
tumble¡¡over¡¡those¡¡dusty¡¡writings£¿¡¡¡¡or£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡worse£»¡¡those¡¡of¡¡another
man£»¡¡as¡¡so¡¡many¡¡do¡¡nowadays£»¡¡to¡¡get¡¡money£¿¡¡¡¡I¡¡grudge¡¡nothing¡¡but¡¡care¡¡and
trouble£»¡¡and¡¡endeavour¡¡nothing¡¡so¡¡much£»¡¡as¡¡to¡¡be¡¡careless¡¡and¡¡at¡¡ease¡£
I¡¡had¡¡been¡¡much¡¡fitter£»¡¡I¡¡believe£»¡¡could¡¡it¡¡have¡¡been¡¡without¡¡obligation
and¡¡servitude£»¡¡to¡¡have¡¡lived¡¡upon¡¡another¡¡man's¡¡fortune¡¡than¡¡my¡¡own£º¡¡and£»
indeed£»¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡know£»¡¡when¡¡I¡¡examine¡¡it¡¡nearer£»¡¡whether£»¡¡according¡¡to¡¡my
humour£»¡¡what¡¡I¡¡have¡¡to¡¡suffer¡¡from¡¡my¡¡affairs¡¡and¡¡servants£»¡¡has¡¡not¡¡in¡¡it
something¡¡more¡¡abject£»¡¡troublesome£»¡¡and¡¡tormenting¡¡than¡¡there¡¡would¡¡be¡¡in
serving¡¡a¡¡man¡¡better¡¡born¡¡than¡¡myself£»¡¡who¡¡would¡¡govern¡¡me¡¡with¡¡a¡¡gentle
rein£»¡¡and¡¡a¡¡little¡¡at¡¡my¡¡own¡¡case£º

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Servitus¡¡obedientia¡¡est¡¡fracti¡¡animi¡¡et¡¡abjecti£»
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡arbitrio¡¡carentis¡¡suo¡£¡¨

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§¡¨Servitude¡¡is¡¡the¡¡obedience¡¡of¡¡a¡¡subdued¡¡and¡¡abject¡¡mind£»¡¡wanting
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡own¡¡free¡¡will¡£¡¨Cicero£»¡¡Paradox£»¡¡V¡£¡¡I¡££§

Crates¡¡did¡¡worse£»¡¡who¡¡threw¡¡himself¡¡into¡¡the¡¡liberty¡¡of¡¡poverty£»¡¡only¡¡to
rid¡¡himself¡¡of¡¡the¡¡inconveniences¡¡and¡¡cares¡¡of¡¡his¡¡house¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡is¡¡what¡¡I
would¡¡not¡¡do£»¡¡I¡¡hate¡¡poverty¡¡equally¡¡with¡¡pain£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡could¡¡be¡¡content¡¡to
change¡¡the¡¡kind¡¡of¡¡life¡¡I¡¡live¡¡for¡¡another¡¡that¡¡was¡¡humbler¡¡and¡¡less
chargeable¡£

When¡¡absent¡¡from¡¡home£»¡¡I¡¡divest¡¡myself¡¡of¡¡all¡¡these¡¡thoughts£»¡¡and¡¡should
be¡¡less¡¡concerned¡¡for¡¡the¡¡ruin¡¡of¡¡a¡¡tower£»¡¡than¡¡I¡¡am£»¡¡when¡¡present£»¡¡at
the¡¡fall¡¡of¡¡a¡¡tile¡£¡¡¡¡My¡¡mind¡¡is¡¡easily¡¡composed¡¡at¡¡distance£»¡¡but¡¡suffers
as¡¡much¡¡as¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡meanest¡¡peasant¡¡when¡¡I¡¡am¡¡at¡¡home£»¡¡the¡¡reins¡¡of¡¡my
bridle¡¡being¡¡wrongly¡¡put¡¡on£»¡¡or¡¡a¡¡strap¡¡flapping¡¡against¡¡my¡¡leg£»¡¡will
keep¡¡me¡¡out¡¡of¡¡humour¡¡a¡¡day¡¡together¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡raise¡¡my¡¡courage£»¡¡well¡¡enough
against¡¡inconveniences£º¡¡lift¡¡up¡¡my¡¡eyes¡¡I¡¡cannot£º

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Sensus£»¡¡o¡¡superi£»¡¡sensus¡£¡¨

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§¡¨The¡¡senses£»¡¡O¡¡ye¡¡gods£»¡¡the¡¡senses¡£¡¨£§

I¡¡am¡¡at¡¡home¡¡responsible¡¡for¡¡whatever¡¡goes¡¡amiss¡£¡¡¡¡Few¡¡masters¡¡£¨I¡¡speak
of¡¡those¡¡of¡¡medium¡¡condition¡¡such¡¡as¡¡mine£©£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡there¡¡be¡¡any¡¡such£»
they¡¡are¡¡more¡¡happy£»¡¡can¡¡rely¡¡so¡¡much¡¡upon¡¡another£»¡¡but¡¡that¡¡the¡¡greatest
part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡burden¡¡will¡¡lie¡¡upon¡¡their¡¡own¡¡shoulders¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡takes¡¡much
from¡¡my¡¡grace¡¡in¡¡entertaining¡¡visitors£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡I¡¡have£»¡¡peradventure£»
detained¡¡some¡¡rather¡¡out¡¡of¡¡expectation¡¡of¡¡a¡¡good¡¡dinner£»¡¡than¡¡by¡¡my¡¡own
behaviour£»¡¡and¡¡lose¡¡much¡¡of¡¡the¡¡pleasure¡¡I¡¡ought¡¡to¡¡reap¡¡at¡¡my¡¡own¡¡house
from¡¡the¡¡visitation¡¡and¡¡assembling¡¡of¡¡my¡¡friends¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡most¡¡ridiculous
carriage¡¡of¡¡a¡¡gentleman¡¡in¡¡his¡¡own¡¡house£»¡¡is¡¡to¡¡see¡¡him¡¡bustling¡¡about
the¡¡business¡¡of¡¡the¡¡place£»¡¡whispering¡¡one¡¡servant£»¡¡and¡¡looking¡¡an¡¡angry
look¡¡at¡¡another£º¡¡it¡¡ought¡¡insensibly¡¡to¡¡slide¡¡along£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡represent¡¡an
ordinary¡¡current£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡think¡¡it¡¡unhandsome¡¡to¡¡talk¡¡much¡¡to¡¡our¡¡guests¡¡of
their¡¡entertainment£»¡¡whether¡¡by¡¡way¡¡of¡¡bragging¡¡or¡¡excuse¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡love¡¡order
and¡¡cleanliness

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Et¡¡cantharus¡¡et¡¡lanx
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ostendunt¡¡mihi¡¡me¡¨

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§¡¨The¡¡dishes¡¡and¡¡the¡¡glasses¡¡shew¡¡me¡¡my¡¡own¡¡reflection¡£¡¨
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Horace£»¡¡Ep¡££»¡¡i¡£¡¡5£»¡¡23£§

more¡¡than¡¡abundance£»¡¡and¡¡at¡¡home¡¡have¡¡an¡¡exact¡¡regard¡¡to¡¡necessity£»
little¡¡to¡¡outward¡¡show¡£¡¡¡¡If¡¡a¡¡footman¡¡falls¡¡to¡¡cuffs¡¡at¡¡another¡¡man's
house£»¡¡or¡¡stumble¡¡and¡¡throw¡¡a¡¡dish¡¡before¡¡him¡¡as¡¡he¡¡is¡¡carrying¡¡it¡¡up£»
you¡¡only¡¡laugh¡¡and¡¡make¡¡a¡¡jest¡¡on't£»¡¡you¡¡sleep¡¡whilst¡¡the¡¡master¡¡of¡¡the
house¡¡is¡¡arranging¡¡a¡¡bill¡¡of¡¡fare¡¡with¡¡his¡¡steward¡¡for¡¡your¡¡morrow's
entertainment¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡speak¡¡according¡¡as¡¡I¡¡do¡¡myself£»¡¡quite¡¡appreciating£»
nevertheless£»¡¡good¡¡husbandry¡¡in¡¡general£»¡¡and¡¡how¡¡pleasant¡¡quiet¡¡and
prosperous¡¡household¡¡management£»¡¡carried¡¡regularly¡¡on£»¡¡is¡¡to¡¡some
natures£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡wishing¡¡to¡¡fasten¡¡my¡¡own¡¡errors¡¡and¡¡inconveniences¡¡to
the¡¡thing£»¡¡nor¡¡to¡¡give¡¡Plato¡¡the¡¡lie£»¡¡who¡¡looks¡¡upon¡¡it¡¡as¡¡the¡¡most
pleasant¡¡employment¡¡to¡¡every¡¡one¡¡to¡¡do¡¡his¡¡particular¡¡affairs¡¡without
wrong¡¡to¡¡another¡£

When¡¡I¡¡travel¡¡I¡¡have¡¡nothing¡¡to¡¡care¡¡for¡¡but¡¡myself£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡laying¡¡out
my¡¡money£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡disposed¡¡of¡¡by¡¡one¡¡single¡¡precept£»¡¡too¡¡many¡¡things¡¡are
required¡¡to¡¡the¡¡raking¡¡it¡¡together£»¡¡in¡¡that¡¡I¡¡understand¡¡nothing£»¡¡in
spending£»¡¡I¡¡understand¡¡a¡¡little£»¡¡and¡¡how¡¡to¡¡give¡¡some¡¡show¡¡to¡¡my¡¡expense£»
which¡¡is¡¡indeed¡¡its¡¡principal¡¡use£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡rely¡¡too¡¡ambitiously¡¡upon¡¡it£»
which¡¡renders¡¡it¡¡unequal¡¡and¡¡difform£»¡¡and£»¡¡moreover£»¡¡immoderate¡¡in¡¡both
the¡¡one¡¡and¡¡the¡¡other¡¡aspect£»¡¡if¡¡it¡¡makes¡¡a¡¡show£»¡¡if¡¡it¡¡serve¡¡the¡¡turn£»
I¡¡indiscreetly¡¡let¡¡it¡¡run£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡indiscreetly¡¡tie¡¡up¡¡my¡¡purse¡­strings£»
if¡¡it¡¡does¡¡not¡¡shine£»¡¡and¡¡does¡¡not¡¡please¡¡me¡£¡¡¡¡Whatever¡¡it¡¡be£»¡¡whether
art¡¡or¡¡nature£»¡¡that¡¡imprints¡¡in¡¡us¡¡the¡¡condition¡¡of¡¡living¡¡by¡¡reference
to¡¡others£»¡¡it¡¡does¡¡us¡¡much¡¡more¡¡harm¡¡than¡¡good£»¡¡we¡¡deprive¡¡ourselves¡¡of
our¡¡own¡¡utilities£»¡¡to¡¡accommodate¡¡appearances¡¡to¡¡the¡¡common¡¡opinion£º
we¡¡care¡¡not¡¡so¡¡much¡¡what¡¡our¡¡being¡¡is£»¡¡as¡¡to¡¡us¡¡and¡¡in¡¡reality£»¡¡as¡¡what
it¡¡is¡¡to¡¡the¡¡public¡¡observation¡£¡¡¡¡Even¡¡the¡¡properties¡¡of¡¡the¡¡mind£»¡¡and
wisdom¡¡itself£»¡¡seem¡¡fruitless¡¡to¡¡us£»¡¡if¡¡only¡¡enjoyed¡¡by¡¡ourselves£»¡¡and¡¡if
it¡¡produce¡¡not¡¡itself¡¡to¡¡the¡¡view¡¡and¡¡approbation¡¡of¡¡others¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡is¡¡a
sort¡¡of¡¡men¡¡whose¡¡gold¡¡runs¡¡in¡¡streams¡¡underground¡¡imperceptibly£»¡¡others
expose¡¡it¡¡all¡¡in¡¡plates¡¡and¡¡branches£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡to¡¡the¡¡one¡¡a¡¡liard¡¡is¡¡worth
a¡¡crown£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡the¡¡others¡¡the¡¡inverse£º¡¡the¡¡world¡¡esteeming¡¡its¡¡use¡¡and
value£»¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the¡¡show¡£¡¡¡¡All¡¡over¡­nice¡¡solicitude¡¡about¡¡riches
smells¡¡of¡¡avarice£º¡¡even¡¡the¡¡very¡¡disposing¡¡of¡¡it£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡too¡¡systematic
and¡¡artificial¡¡liberality£»¡¡is¡¡not¡¡worth¡¡a¡¡painful¡¡superintendence¡¡and
solicitude£º¡¡he£»¡¡that¡¡will¡¡order¡¡his¡¡expense¡¡to¡¡just¡¡so¡¡much£»¡¡makes¡¡it¡¡too
pinched¡¡and¡¡narrow¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡keeping¡¡or¡¡spending¡¡are£»¡¡of¡¡themselves£»
indifferent¡¡things£»¡¡and¡¡receive¡¡no¡¡colour¡¡of¡¡good¡¡or¡¡ill£»¡¡but¡¡according
to¡¡the¡¡application¡¡of¡¡the¡¡will¡£

The¡¡other¡¡cause¡¡that¡¡tempts¡¡me¡¡out¡¡to¡¡these¡¡journeys¡¡is£»¡¡inaptitude¡¡for
the¡¡present¡¡manners¡¡in¡¡our¡¡state¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡could¡¡easily¡¡console¡¡myself¡¡for¡¡this
corruption¡¡in¡¡regard¡¡to¡¡the¡¡public¡¡interest£º

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Pejoraque¡¡saecula¡¡ferri
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Temporibus£»¡¡quorum¡¡sceleri¡¡non¡¡invenit¡¡ipsa
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Nomen£»¡¡et¡¡a¡¡nullo¡¡posuit¡¡natura¡¡metallo£»¡¨

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§¡¨And£»¡¡worse¡¡than¡¡the¡¡iron¡¡ages£»¡¡for¡¡whose¡¡crimes¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡similitude¡¡in¡¡any¡¡of¡¡Nature's¡¡metals¡£¡¨Juvenal£»¡¡xiii¡£¡¡28¡££§

but¡¡not¡¡to¡¡my¡¡own¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡am£»¡¡in¡¡particular£»¡¡too¡¡much¡¡oppressed¡¡by¡¡them£º¡¡for£»
in¡¡my¡¡neighbourhood£»¡¡we¡¡are£»¡¡of¡¡late£»¡¡by¡¡the¡¡long¡¡licence¡¡of¡¡our¡¡civil
wars£»¡¡grown¡¡old¡¡in¡¡so¡¡riotous¡¡a¡¡form¡¡of¡¡state£»

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Quippe¡¡ubi¡¡fas¡¡versum¡¡atque¡¡nefas£»¡¨

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§¡¨Where¡¡wrong¡¡and¡¡right¡¡have¡¡changed¡¡places¡£¡¨
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Virgil£»¡¡Georg¡££»¡¡i¡£¡¡504¡££§

that¡¡in¡¡earnest£»¡¡'tis¡¡a¡¡wonder¡¡how¡¡it¡¡can¡¡subsist£º

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Armati¡¡terram¡¡exercent£»¡¡semperque¡¡recentes
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Convectare¡¡juvat¡¡praedas£»¡¡et¡¡vivere¡¡rapto¡£¡¨

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§¡¨Men¡¡plough£»¡¡girt¡¡with¡¡arms£»¡¡ever¡¡delighting¡¡in¡¡fresh¡¡robberies£»
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡living¡¡by¡¡rapine¡£¡¨AEneid£»¡¡vii¡£¡¡748¡££§

In¡¡fine£»¡¡I¡¡see¡¡by¡¡our¡¡example£»¡¡that¡¡the¡¡society¡¡of¡¡men¡¡is¡¡maintained¡¡and
held¡¡together£»¡¡at¡¡what¡¡price¡¡soever£»¡¡in¡¡what¡¡condition¡¡soever¡¡they¡¡are
placed£»¡¡they¡¡still¡¡close¡¡and¡¡stick¡¡together£»¡¡both¡¡moving¡¡and¡¡in¡¡heaps£»¡¡as
ill¡¡united¡¡bodies£»¡¡that£»¡¡shuffled¡¡together¡¡without¡¡order£»¡¡find¡¡of
themselves¡¡a¡¡means¡¡to¡¡unite¡¡and¡¡settle£»¡¡often¡¡better¡¡than¡¡they¡¡could¡¡have
been¡¡disposed¡¡by¡¡art¡£¡¡¡¡King¡¡Philip¡¡mustered¡¡up¡¡a¡¡rabble¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most
wicked¡¡and¡¡incorrigible¡¡rascals¡¡he¡¡could¡¡pick¡¡out£»¡¡and¡¡put¡¡them¡¡all
together¡¡into¡¡a¡¡city¡¡he¡¡had¡¡caused¡¡to¡¡be¡¡built¡¡for¡¡that¡¡purpose£»¡¡which
bore¡¡their¡¡name£º¡¡I¡¡believe¡¡that¡¡they£»¡¡even¡¡from¡¡vices¡¡themselves£»¡¡erected
a¡¡government¡¡amongst¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡a¡¡commodious¡¡and¡¡just¡¡society¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡see£»¡¡not
one¡¡action£»¡¡or¡¡three£»¡¡or¡¡a¡¡hundred£»¡¡but¡¡manners£»¡¡in¡¡common¡¡and¡¡received
use£»¡¡so¡¡ferocious£»¡¡especially¡¡in¡¡inhumanity¡¡and¡¡treachery£»¡¡which¡¡are¡¡to
me¡¡the¡¡worst¡¡of¡¡all¡¡vices£»¡¡that¡¡I¡¡have¡¡not¡¡the¡¡heart¡¡to¡¡think¡¡of¡¡them
without¡¡horror£»¡¡and¡¡almost¡¡as¡¡much¡¡admire¡¡as¡¡I¡¡detest¡¡them£º¡¡the¡¡exercise
of¡¡these¡¡signal¡¡villainies¡¡carries¡¡with¡¡it¡¡as¡¡great¡¡signs¡¡of¡¡vigour¡¡and
force¡¡of¡¡soul£»¡¡as¡¡of¡¡error¡¡and¡¡disorder¡£¡¡¡¡Necessity¡¡reconciles¡¡and¡¡brings
men¡¡together£»¡¡and¡¡this¡¡accidental¡¡connection¡¡afterwards¡¡forms¡¡itself¡¡into
laws£º¡¡for¡¡there¡¡have¡¡been¡¡such£»¡¡as¡¡savage¡¡as¡¡any¡¡human¡¡opinion¡¡could
conceive£»¡¡who£»¡¡nevertheless£»¡¡have¡¡maintained¡¡their¡¡body¡¡with¡¡as¡¡much
health¡¡and¡¡length¡¡of¡¡life¡¡as¡¡any¡¡Plato¡¡or¡¡Aristotle¡¡could¡¡invent¡£¡¡¡¡And
certainly£»¡¡all¡¡these¡¡descriptions¡¡of¡¡polities£»¡¡feigned¡¡by¡¡art£»¡¡are¡¡found
to¡¡be¡¡ridiculous¡¡and¡¡unfit¡¡to¡¡be¡¡put¡¡in¡¡practice¡£

These¡¡great¡¡and¡¡tedious¡¡debates¡¡about¡¡the¡¡best¡¡form¡¡of¡¡society£»¡¡and¡¡the
most¡¡commodious¡¡rules¡¡to¡¡bind¡¡us£»¡¡are¡¡debates¡¡only¡¡proper¡¡for¡¡the
exercise¡¡of¡¡our¡¡wits£»¡¡as¡¡in¡¡the¡¡arts¡¡there¡¡are¡¡several¡¡subjects¡¡which
have¡¡their¡¡being¡¡in¡¡agitation¡¡and¡¡controversy£»¡¡and¡¡have¡¡no¡¡life¡¡but
there¡£¡¡¡¡Such¡¡an¡¡idea¡¡of¡¡government¡¡might¡¡be¡¡of¡¡some¡¡value¡¡in¡¡a¡¡new¡¡world£»
but¡¡we¡¡take¡¡a¡¡world¡¡already¡¡made£»¡¡and¡¡formed¡¡to¡¡certain¡¡customs£»¡¡we¡¡do
not¡¡beget¡¡it£»¡¡as¡¡Pyrrha¡¡or¡¡Cadmus¡¡did¡£¡¡¡¡By¡¡what¡¡means¡¡soever¡¡we¡¡may¡¡have
the¡¡privilege¡¡to¡¡redress¡¡and¡¡reform¡¡it¡¡anew£»¡¡we¡¡can¡¡hardly¡¡writhe¡¡it¡¡from
its¡¡wonted¡¡bent£»¡¡but¡¡we¡¡shall¡¡break¡¡all¡£¡¡¡¡Solon¡¡being¡¡asked¡¡whether¡¡he
had¡¡established¡¡the¡¡best¡¡laws¡¡he¡¡could¡¡for¡¡the¡¡Athenians£»¡¡¡¨Yes£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡he£»
¡¨of¡¡those¡¡they¡¡would¡¡have¡¡received¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡Varro¡¡excuses¡¡himself¡¡after¡¡the
same¡¡manner£º¡¡¡¨that¡¡if¡¡he¡¡were¡¡to¡¡begin¡¡to¡¡write¡¡of¡¡religion£»¡¡he¡¡would¡¡say
what¡¡he¡¡believed£»¡¡but¡¡seeing¡¡it¡¡was¡¡already¡¡received£»¡¡he¡¡would¡¡write
rather¡¡according¡¡to¡¡use¡¡than¡¡nature¡£¡¨

Not¡¡according¡¡to¡¡opinion£»¡¡but¡¡in¡¡truth¡¡and¡¡reality£»¡¡the¡¡best¡¡and¡¡most
excellent¡¡government¡¡for¡¡every¡¡nation¡¡is¡¡that¡¡under¡¡which¡¡it¡¡is
maintained£º¡¡its¡¡form¡¡and¡¡essential¡¡convenience¡¡depend¡¡upon¡¡custom¡£
We¡¡are¡¡apt¡¡to¡¡be¡¡displeased¡¡at¡¡the¡¡present¡¡condition£»¡¡but¡¡I£»
nevertheless£»¡¡maintain¡¡that¡¡to¡¡desire¡¡command¡¡in¡¡a¡¡few£§an¡¡oligarchy¡££§
in¡¡a¡¡republic£»¡¡or¡¡another¡¡sort¡¡of¡¡government¡¡in¡¡monarchy¡¡than¡¡that
already¡¡established£»¡¡is¡¡both¡¡vice¡¡and¡¡folly£º

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Ayme¡¡l'estat£»¡¡tel¡¡que¡¡to¡¡le¡¡veois¡¡estre
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡S'il¡¡est¡¡royal¡¡ayme¡¡la¡¡royaute£»
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡S'il¡¡est¡¡de¡¡peu£»¡¡ou¡¡biers¡¡communaute£»
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ayme¡¡l'aussi£»¡¡car¡¡Dieu¡¡t'y¡¡a¡¡faict¡¡naistre¡£¡¨

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§¡¨Love¡¡the¡¡government£»¡¡such¡¡as¡¡you¡¡see¡¡it¡¡to¡¡be¡£¡¡¡¡If¡¡it¡¡be¡¡royal£»
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡love¡¡royalty£»¡¡if¡¡it¡¡is¡¡a¡¡republic¡¡of¡¡any¡¡sort£»¡¡still¡¡love¡¡it£»¡¡for
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡himself¡¡created¡¡thee¡¡therein¡£¡¨£§

So¡¡wrote¡¡the¡¡good¡¡Monsieur¡¡de¡¡Pibrac£»¡¡whom¡¡we¡¡have¡¡lately¡¡lost£»¡¡a¡¡man¡¡of
so¡¡excellent¡¡a¡¡wit£»¡¡such¡¡sound¡¡opinions£»¡¡and¡¡such¡¡gentle¡¡manners¡£¡¡¡¡This
loss£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡at¡¡the¡¡same¡¡time¡¡we¡¡have¡¡had¡¡of¡¡Monsieur¡¡de¡¡Foix£»¡¡are¡¡of
so¡¡great¡¡importance¡¡to¡¡the¡¡crown£»¡¡that¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡know¡¡whether¡¡there¡¡is
another¡¡couple¡¡in¡¡France¡¡worthy¡¡to¡¡supply¡¡the¡¡places¡¡of¡¡these¡¡two¡¡Gascons
in¡¡sincerity¡¡and¡¡wisdom¡¡in¡¡the¡¡council¡¡of¡¡our¡¡kings¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡were¡¡both
variously¡¡great¡¡men£»¡¡and¡¡certainly£»¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the¡¡age£»¡¡rare¡¡and¡¡great£»
each¡¡of¡¡them¡¡in¡¡his¡¡kind£º¡¡but¡¡what¡¡destiny¡¡was¡¡it¡¡that¡¡placed¡¡them¡¡in
these¡¡times£»¡¡

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ