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    〃This model (which; through want of time; we have necessarily 
described in an imperfect manner;) was put in action at the Adelaide 
Gallery; where it accomplished a velocity of five miles per hour; 
although; strange to say; it excited very little interest in 
comparison with the previous complex machine of Mr。 Henson … so 
resolute is the world to despise anything which carries with it an 
air of simplicity。  To accomplish the great desideratum of 鎟ial 
navigation; it was very generally supposed that some exceedingly 
complicated application must be made of some unusually profound 
principle in dynamics。

    〃So well satisfied; however; was Mr。 Mason of the ultimate 
success of his invention; that he determined to construct 
immediately; if possible; a balloon of sufficient capacity to test 
the question by a voyage of some extent … the original design being 
to cross the British Channel; as before; in the Nassau balloon。  To 
carry out his views; he solicited and obtained the patronage of Sir 
Everard Bringhurst and Mr。 Osborne; two gentlemen well known for 
scientific acquirement; and especially for the interest they have 
exhibited in the progress of 鎟ostation。  The project; at the desire 
of Mr。 Osborne; was kept a profound secret from the public … the only 
persons entrusted with the design being those actually engaged in the 
construction of the machine; which was built (under the 
superintendence of Mr。 Mason; Mr。 Holland; Sir Everard Bringhurst; 
and Mr。 Osborne;) at the seat of the latter gentleman near 
Penstruthal; in Wales。  Mr。 Henson; accompanied by his friend Mr。 
Ainsworth; was admitted to a private view of the balloon; on Saturday 
last … when the two gentlemen made final arrangements to be included 
in the adventure。  We are not informed for what reason the two seamen 
were also included in the party … but; in the course of a day or two; 
we shall put our readers in possession of the minutest particulars 
respecting this extraordinary voyage。

    〃The balloon is composed of silk; varnished with the liquid gum 
caoutchouc。  It is of vast dimensions; containing more than 40;000 
cubic feet of gas ;  but as coal gas was employed in place of the 
more expensive and inconvenient hydrogen; the supporting power of the 
machine; when fully inflated; and immediately after inflation; is not 
more than about 2500 pounds。  The coal gas is not only much less 
costly; but is easily procured and managed。

    〃For its introduction into common use for purposes of 
aerostation; we are indebted to Mr。 Charles Green。  Up to his 
discovery; the process of inflation was not only exceedingly 
expensive; but uncertain。 Two; and even three days; have frequently 
been wasted in futile attempts to procure a sufficiency of hydrogen 
to fill a balloon; from which it had great tendency to escape; owing 
to its extreme subtlety; and its affinity for the surrounding 
atmosphere。  In a balloon sufficiently perfect to retain its contents 
of coal…gas unaltered; in quantity or amount; for six months; an 
equal quantity of hydrogen could not be maintained in equal purity 
for six weeks。

    〃The supporting power being estimated at 2500 pounds; and the 
united weights of the party amounting only to about 1200; there was 
left a surplus of 1300; of which again 1200 was exhausted by ballast; 
arranged in bags of different sizes; with their respective weights 
marked upon them … by cordage; barometers; telescopes; barrels 
containing provision for a fortnight; water…casks; cloaks; 
carpet…bags; and various other indispensable matters; including a 
coffee…warmer; contrived for warming coffee by means of slack…lime; 
so as to dispense altogether with fire; if it should be judged 
prudent to do so。  All these articles; with the exception of the 
ballast; and a few trifles; were suspended from the hoop overhead。 
The car is much smaller and lighter; in proportion; than the one 
appended to the model。  It is formed of a light wicker; and is 
wonderfully strong; for so frail looking a machine。  Its rim is about 
four feet deep。  The rudder is also very much larger; in proportion; 
than that of the model ;  and the screw is considerably smaller。  The 
balloon is furnished besides with a grapnel; and a guide…rope ; 
which latter is of the most indispensable importance。 A few words; in 
explanation; will here be necessary for such of our readers as are 
not conversant with the details of aerostation。

    〃As soon as the balloon quits the earth; it is subjected to the 
influence of many circumstances tending to create a difference in its 
weight ;  augmenting or diminishing its ascending power。  For 
example; there may be a deposition of dew upon the silk; to the 
extent; even; of several hundred pounds ;  ballast has then to be 
thrown out; or the machine may descend。  This ballast being 
discarded; and a clear sunshine evaporating the dew; and at the same 
time expanding the gas in the silk; the whole will again rapidly 
ascend。  To check this ascent; the only recourse is; (or rather 
_was_; until Mr。 Green's invention of the guide…rope;) the permission 
of the escape of gas from the valve ;  but; in the loss of gas; is a 
proportionate general loss of ascending power ;  so that; in a 
comparatively brief period; the best…constructed balloon must 
necessarily exhaust all its resources; and come to the earth。  This 
was the great obstacle to voyages of length。

    〃The guide…rope remedies the difficulty in the simplest manner 
conceivable。  It is merely a very long rope which is suffered to 
trail from the car; and the effect of which is to prevent the balloon 
from changing its level in any material degree。  If; for example; 
there should be a deposition of moisture upon the silk; and the 
machine begins to descend in consequence; there will be no necessity 
for discharging ballast to remedy the increase of weight; for it is 
remedied; or counteracted; in an exactly just proportion; by the 
deposit on the ground of just so much of the end of the rope as is 
necessary。  If; on the other hand; any circumstances should cause 
undue levity; and consequent ascent; this levity is immediately 
counteracted by the additional weight of rope upraised from the 
earth。  Thus; the balloon can neither ascend or descend; except 
within very narrow limits; and its resources; either in gas or 
ballast; remain comparatively unimpaired。 When passing over an 
expanse of water; it becomes necessary to employ small kegs of copper 
or wood; filled with liquid ballast of a lighter nature than water。 
These float; and serve all the purposes of a mere rope on land。 
Another most important office of the guide…rope; is to point out the 
_direction_ of the balloon。  The rope _drags_; either on land or sea; 
while the balloon is free ;  the latter; consequently; is always in 
advance; when any progress whatever is made :  a comparison; 
therefore; by means of the compass; of the relative positions of the 
two objects; will always indicate the _course_。  In the same way; the 
angle formed by the rope with the vertical axis of the machine; 
indicates the _velocity_。  When there is _no_ angle … in other words; 
when the rope hangs perpendicularly; the whole apparatus is 
stationary ;  but the larger the angle; that is to say; the farther 
the balloon precedes the end of the rope; the greater the velocity ; 
and the converse。

    〃As the original design was to cross the British Channel; and 
alight as near Paris as possible; the voyagers had taken the 
precaution to prepare themselves with passports directed to all parts 
of the Continent; specifying the nature of the expedition; as in the 
case of the Nassau voyage; and entitling the adventurers to exemption 
from the usual formalities of office :  unexpected events; however; 
rendered these passports superfluous。

    〃The inflation was commenced very quietly at daybreak; on 
Saturday morning; the 6th instant; in the Court…Yard of Weal…Vor 
House; Mr。 Osborne's seat; about a mile from Penstruthal; in North 
Wales ;  and at 7 minutes past 11; every thing being ready for 
departure; the balloon was set free; rising gently but steadily; in a 
direction nearly South ;  no use being made; for the first half hour; 
of either the screw or the rudder。  We proceed now with the journal; 
as transcribed by Mr。 Forsyth from the joint MSS。  Of Mr。 Monck 
Mason; and Mr。 Ainsworth。  The body of the journal; as given; is in 
the hand…writing of Mr。 Mason; and a P。  S。  is appended; each day; 
by Mr。 Ainsworth; who has in preparation; and will shortly give the 
public a more minute; and no doubt; a thrillingly interesting account 
of the voyage。

〃THE JOURNAL。

    〃_Saturday; April the 6th_。  … Every preparation likely to 
embarrass us; having been made over night; we commenced the inflation 
this morning at daybreak ;  but owing to a thick fog; which 
encumbered the folds of the silk and rendered it unmanageable; we did 
not get through before nearly eleven o'clock。  Cut loose; then; in 
high spirits; and rose gently but steadily; with a light breeze at 
North; which bore us in the direction of the British Channel。  Found 
the ascending force greater than we had expected ;  and as we arose 
higher and so got clear of the cliffs; and more in the sun's rays; 
our ascent became very rapid。  I did not wish; however; to lose gas 
at so early a period of the adventure; and so concluded to ascend for 
the present。  We soon ran out our guide…rope ;  but even when we had 
raised it clear of the earth; we still went up very rapidly。  The 
balloon was unusually steady; and looked beautifully。  In about ten 
minutes after starting; the barometer indicated an altitude of 15;000 
feet。  The weather was remarkably fine; and the view of the subjacent 
country … a most romantic one when seen from any point; … was now 
especially sublime。 The numerous deep gorges presented the appearance 
of lakes; on account of the dense vapors with which they were filled; 
and the pinnacles and crags to the South East; piled in inextricable 
confusion; resembling nothing so much as the giant cities of eastern 
fable。  We were rapidly approaching the mountains in the South ;  but 
our elevation was more than sufficient to enable us to pass them in 
safety。  In a few minutes we soared over them in fine style ;  and 
Mr。 Ainsworth; with the seamen; was surprised at their apparent want 
of altitude when viewed from the car; the tendency of great elevation 
in a balloon being to reduce inequalities of the surface below; to 
nearly a dead level。  At half…past eleven still proceeding nearly 
South; we obtained our first view of the Bristol Channel ;  and; in 
fifteen minutes afterward; the line of breakers on the coast appeared 
immediately beneath us; and we were fairly out at sea。  We now 
resolved to let off enough gas to bring our guide…rope; with the 
buoys affixed; into the water。  This was immediately done; and we 
commenced a gradual descent。  In about twenty minutes our first buoy 
dipped; and at the touch of the second soon afterwards; we remained 
stationary as to elevation。  We were all now anxious to test

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