anabasis-第38章

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　their　perplexity　the　generals　summoned　a　full　meeting　of　the　soldiers；　and　some　speakers　were　disposed　to　make　very　light　of　Cleander　and　set　him　at　naught。　But　Xenophon　took　a　more　serious　view　of　the　matter；　he　rose　and　addressed　the　meeting　thus：　〃Soldiers；　I　cannot　say　that　I　feel　disposed　to　make　light　of　this　business；　if　Cleander　be　allowed　to　go　away；　as　he　threatens　to　do；　in　his　present　temper　towards　us。　There　are　Hellenic　cities　close　by；　but　then　the　Lacedaemonians　are　the　lords　of　Hellas；　and　they　can；　any　one　of　them；　carry　out　whatever　they　like　in　the　cities。　If　then　the　first　thing　this　Lacedaemonian　does　is　to　close　the　gates　of　Byzantium；　and　next　to　pass　an　order　to　the　other　governors；　city　by　city；　not　to　receive　us　because　we　are　a　set　of　lawless　ruffians　disloyal　to　the　Lacedaemonians；　and　if；　further；　this　report　of　us　should　reach　the　ears　of　their　admiral；　Anaxibius；　to　stay　or　to　sail　away　will　alike　be　difficult。　Remember；　the　Lacedaemonians　at　the　present　time　are　lords　alike　on　land　and　on　sea。　For　the　sake　then　of　a　single　man；　or　for　two　men's　sake；　it　is　not　right　that　the　rest　of　us　should　be　debarred　from　Hellas；　but　whatever　they　enjoin　we　must　obey。　Do　not　the　cities　which　gave　us　birth　yield　them　obedience　also？　For　my　own　part；　inasmuch　as　Dexippus；　I　believe；　keeps　telling　Cleander　that　Agasias　would　never　have　done　this　had　not　I；　Xenophon；　bidden　him；　I　absolve　you　of　all　complicity；　and　Agasias　too；　if　Agasias　himself　states　that　I　am　in　any　way　a　prime　mover　in　this　matter。　If　I　have　set　the　fashion　of　stone…throwing　or　any　other　sort　of　violence　I　condemn　myselfI　say　that　I　deserve　the　extreme　penalty；　and　I　will　submit　to　undergo　it。　I　　15　further　say　that　if　any　one　else　is　accused；　that　man　is　bound　to　surrender　himself　to　Cleander　for　judgement；　for　by　this　means　you　will　be　absolved　entirely　from　the　accusation。　But　as　the　matter　now　stands；　it　is　cruel　that　just　when　we　were　aspiring　to　win　praise　and　honour　throughout　Hellas；　we　are　destined　to　sink　below　the　level　of　the　rest　of　the　world；　banned　from　the　Hellenic　cities　whose　common　name　we　boast。〃

After　him　Agasias　got　up；　and　said；　〃I　swear　to　you；　sirs；　by　the　gods　and　goddesses；　verily　and　indeed；　neither　Xenophon　nor　any　one　else　among　you　bade　me　rescue　the　man。　I　saw　an　honest　manone　of　my　own　companybeing　taken　up　by　Dexippus；　the　man　who　betrayed　you；　as　you　know　full　well。　That　I　could　not　endure；　I　rescued　him；　I　admit　the　fact。　Do　not　you　deliver　me　up。　I　will　surrender　myself；　as　Xenophon　suggests；　to　Cleander　to　pass　what　verdict　on　me　he　thinks　right。　Do　not；　for　the　sake　of　such　a　matter；　make　foes　of　the　Lacedaemonians；　rather　God　grant　that＇1＇　each　of　you　may　safely　reach　the　goal　of　his　desire。　Only　do　you　choose　from　among　yourselves　and　send　with　me　to　Cleander　those　who；　in　case　of　any　omission　on　my　part；　may　by　their　words　and　acts　supply　what　is　lacking。〃　Thereupon　the　army　granted　him　to　choose　for　himself　whom　he　would　have　go　with　him　and　to　go；　and　he　at　once　chose　the　generals。　After　this　they　all　set　off　to　CleanderAgasias　and　the　generals　and　the　man　who　had　been　rescued　by　Agasiasand　the　generals　spoke　as　follows：　〃The　army　has　sent　us　to　you；　Cleander；　and　this　is　their　bidding：　'If　you　have　fault　to　find　with　all；　they　say；　you　ought　to　pass　sentence　on　all；　and　do　with　them　what　seems　best；　or　if　the　charge　is　against　one　man　or　two；　or　possibly　several；　what　they　expect　of　these　people　is　to　surrender　themselves　to　you　for　judgement。'　Accordingly；　if　you　lay　anything　to　the　charge　of　us　generals；　here　we　stand　at　your　bar。　Or　do　you　impute　the　fault　to　some　one　not　here？　tell　us　whom。　Short　of　flying　in　the　face　of　our　authority；　there　is　no　one　who　will　absent　himself。〃

＇1＇　Reading　with　the　best　MSS。；　｛sozoisthe｝。　Agasias　ends　his　sentence　　　　　with　a　prayer。　Al。　｛sozesthe｝；　〃act　so　that　each；〃　etc。

At　this　point　Agasias　stepped　forward　and　said：　〃It　was　I；　Cleander；　　　　21　who　rescued　the　man　before　you　yonder　from　Dexippus；　when　the　latter　was　carrying　him　off；　and　it　was　I　who　gave　the　order　to　strike　Dexippus。　My　plea　is　that　I　know　the　prisoner　to　be　an　honest　man。　As　to　Dexippus；　I　know　that　he　was　chosen　by　the　army　to　command　a　fifty…oared　galley；　which　we　had　obtained　by　request　from　the　men　of　Trapezus　for　the　express　purpose　of　collecting　vessels　to　carry　us　safely　home。　But　this　same　Dexippus　betrayed　his　fellow…soldiers；　with　whom　he　had　been　delivered　from　so　many　perils；　and　made　off　into　hiding　like　a　runaway　slave；　whereby　we　have　robbed　the　Trapezuntines　of　their　frigate；　and　must　needs　appear　as　knaves　in　their　eyes　for　this　man's　sake。　As　to　ourselves；　as　far　as　he　could；　he　has　ruined　us；　for；　like　the　rest　of　us；　he　had　heard　how　all　but　impossible　it　was　for　us　to　retreat　by　foot　across　the　rivers　and　to　reach　Hellas　in　safety。　That　is　the　stamp　of　man　whom　I　robbed　of　his　prey。　Now；　had　it　been　you　yourself　who　carried　him　off；　or　one　of　your　emissaries；　or　indeed　any　one　short　of　a　runaway　from　ourselves；　be　sure　that　I　should　have　acted　far　otherwise。　Be　assured　that　if　you　put　me　to　death　at　this　time　you　are　sacrificing　a　good；　honest　man　for　the　sake　of　a　coward　and　a　scamp。〃

When　he　had　listened　to　these　remarks；　Cleander　replied　that　if　such　had　been　the　conduct　of　Dexippus；　he　could　not　congratulate　him。　〃But　still；〃　he　added；　turning　to　the　generals；　〃were　Dexippus　ever　so　great　a　scamp　he　ought　not　to　suffer　violence；　but　in　the　language　of　your　own　demand　he　was　entitled　to　a　fair　trial；　and　so　to　obtain　his　deserts。　What　I　have　to　say　at　present　therefore　is：　leave　your　friend　here　and　go　your　way；　and　when　I　give　the　order　be　present　at　the　trial。　I　have　no　further　charge　against　the　army　or　any　one；　since　the　prisoner　himself　admits　that　he　rescued　the　man。〃　Then　the　man　who　had　been　rescued　said：　〃In　behalf　of　myself；　Cleander；　if　possibly　you　think　that　I　was　being　taken　up　for　some　misdeed；　it　is　not　so；　I　neither　struck　nor　shot；　I　merely　said；　'The　sheep　are　public　property；'　for　it　was　a　resolution　of　the　soldiers　that　whenever　the　army　went　out　as　a　body　any　booty　privately　obtained　was　to　be　public　property。　That　was　all　I　said；　and　thereupon　yonder　fellow　seized　me　　　　28　and　began　dragging　me　off。　He　wanted　to　stop　our　mouths；　so　that　he　might　have　a　share　of　the　things　himself；　and　keep　the　rest　for　these　buccaneers；　contrary　to　the　ordinance。〃　In　answer　to　that　Cleander　said：　〃Very　well；　if　that　is　your　disposition　you　can　stay　behind　too；　and　we　will　take　your　case　into　consideration　also。〃

Thereupon　Cleander　and　his　party　proceeded　to　breakfast；　but　Xenophon　collected　the　army　in　assembly；　and　advised　their　sending　a　deputation　to　Cleander　to　intercede　in　behalf　of　the　men。　Accordingly　it　was　resolved　to　send　some　generals　and　officers　with　Dracontius　the　Spartan；　and　of　the　rest　those　who　seemed　best　fitted　to　go。　The　deputation　was　to　request　Cleander　by　all　means　to　release　the　two　men。　Accordingly　Xenophon　came　and　addressed　him　thus：　〃Cleander；　you　have　the　men；　the　army　has　bowed　to　you　and　assented　to　do　what　you　wished　with　respect　to　these　two　members　of　their　body　and　themselves　in　general。　But　now　they　beg　and　pray　you　to　give　up　these　two　men；　and　not　to　put　them　to　death。　Many　a　good　service　have　these　two　wrought　for　our　army　in　past　days。　Let　them　but　obtain　this　from　you；　and　in　return　the　army　promises　that；　if　you　will　put　yourself　at　their　head　and　the　gracious　gods　approve；　they　will　show　you　how　orderly　they　are；　how　apt　to　obey　their　general；　and；　with　heaven's　help；　to　face　their　foes　unflinchingly。　They　make　this　further　request　to　you；　that　you　will　present　yourself　and　take　command　of　them　and　make　trial　of　them。　'Test　us　ourselves；'　they　say；　'and　test　Dexippus；　what　each　of　us　is　like；　and　afterwards　assign　to　each　his　due。'〃　When　Cleander　heard　these　things；　he　answered：　〃Nay；　by　the　twin　gods；　I　will　answer　you　quickly　enough。　Here　I　make　you　a　present　of　the　two　men；　and　I　will　as　you　say　present　myself；　and　then；　if　the　gods　vouchsafe；　I　will　put　myself　at　your　head　and　lead　you　into　Hellas。　Very　different　is　your　language　from　the　tale　I　used　to　hear　concerning　you　from　certain　people；　that　you　wanted　to　withdraw　the　army　from　allegiance　to　the　Lacedaemonians。〃

After　this　the　deputation　thanked　him　and　retired；　taking　with　them　the　two　men；　then　Cleander　sacrificed　as　a　preliminary　to　marching　and　consorted　friendlily　with　Xenophon；　and　the　two　struck　up　an　alliance。　　35　When　the　Spartan　saw　with　what　good　discipline　the　men　carried　out　their　orders；　he　was　still　more　anxious　to　become　their　leader。　However；　in　spite　of　sacrifices　repeated　on　three　successive　days；　the　victims　steadily　remained　unfavourable。　So　he　summoned　the　generals　and　said　to　them：　〃The　victims　smile　not　on　me；　they　suffer　me　not　to　lead　you　home；　but　be　not　out　of　heart　at　that。　To　you　it　is　given；　as　it　would　appear；　to　bring　your　men　safe　home。　Forwards　then；　and　for　our　part；　whenever　you　come　yonder；　we　will　bestow　on　you　as　warm　a　welcome　as　we　may。〃

Then　the　soldiers　resolved　to　make　him　a　present　of　the　public　cattle；　which　he　accepted；　but　again　gave　back　to　them。　So　he　sailed　away；　but　the　soldiers　made　division　of　the　corn　which　they　had　collected　and　of　the　other　captured　property；　and　commenced　their　homeward　march　through　the　territory　of　the　Bithynians。

At　first　they　confined　themselves　to　the　main　road；　but　not　chancing　upon　anything　whereby　they　might　reach　a　friendly　territory　with　something　in　their　pockets　for　themselves；　they　resolved　to　turn　sharp　round；　and　marched　for　one　day　and　night　in　the　opposite　direction。　By　this　proceeding　they　captured　many　slaves　and　much　small　cattle；　and　on　the　sixth　day　reached　Chrysopolis　in　Chalcedonia＇2＇。　Here　they　halted　seven　days　while　they　disposed　of　their　booty　by　sale。

＇2＇　The　name　should　be　written　〃Calchedonia。〃　The　false　form　drove　out　　　　　the　more　correct；　probably　through　a　mispronunciation；　based　on　a　　　　　wrong　derivation；　at　some　date　long　ago。　The　sites　of　Chrysopolis　　　　　and　Calchedon　correspond　respectively　to　the　modern　Scutari　and　　　　　Kadikoi。




BOOK　VII

＇In　the　earlier　portion　of　the　narrative　will　be　found　a　detailed　history　of　the　fortunes　of　the　Hellenes　during　their　march　up　country　with　Cyrus　down　to　the　date　of　the　battle；　and；　subsequently　to　his　death；　until　they　reached　the　Euxine；　as　also　of　all　their　doings　in　their　efforts　to　escape　from　the　Euxine；　partly　by　land　marches　and　partly　under　sail　by　sea；　until　they　found　themselves　outside　the　mouth　of　the　Black　Sea　（south　of　the　Bosphorus）　at　Chrysopolis　in　Asia。＇



I

At　this　point　Pharnabazus；　who　was　afraid　that　the　army　might　　　　　　　　　　　1　undertake　a　campaign　against　his　satrapy；　sent　to　Anaxibius；　the　Spartan　high　admiral；　who　chanced　to　be　in　Byzantium；　and　begged　him　to　convey　the　army　out　of　Asia；　undertaking　to　comply　with　his　wishes　in　every　respect。　Anaxibius　accordingly　sent　to　summon　the　generals　and　officers　to　Byzantium；　and　promised　that　the　soldiers　should　not　lack　pay　for　service；　if　they　crossed　the　strait。　The　officers　said　that　they　would　deliberate　and　return　an　answer。　Xenophon　individually　informed　them　that　he　was　about　to　quit　the　army　at　once；　and