anabasis-第42章

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o　obtain　a　fort　or　two　in　this　country；　just　as　others　of　your　countrymen　have　done＇2＇；　and　territory。　It　is　only　right　and　proper　therefore　that　you　should　honour　Seuthes　in　the　most　magnificent　style。　Be　sure；　I　give　this　advice　out　of　pure　friendliness；　for　I　know　that　the　greater　the　gift　that　you　are　ready　to　bestow　on　him；　the　better　the　treatment　you　will　receive　at　his　hands。〃　Xenophon；　on　hearing　this；　was　in　a　sad　dilemma；　for　he　had　brought　with　him；　when　he　crossed　from　Parium；　nothing　but　one　boy　and　just　enough　to　pay　his　travelling　expenses。

＇1＇　A　Greek　colony　in　Thrace。　Among　Asiatico…Ionian　colonies　were　　　　　Abdera；　founded　by　Teos；　and　Maroneia；　celebrated　for　its　wine；　　　　　founded　by　Chios　about　540　B。C。Kiepert；　〃Man。　Anct。　Geog。〃　viii。　　　　　182。

＇2＇　Notably　Alcibiades；　who　possessed　two　or　three　such　fortresses。

As　soon　as　the　company；　consisting　of　the　most　powerful　Thracians　　　　　　　21　there　present；　with　the　generals　and　captains　of　the　Hellenes；　and　any　embassy　from　a　state　which　might　be　there；　had　arrived；　they　were　seated　in　a　circle；　and　the　dinner　was　served。　Thereupon　three…legged　stools　were　brought　in　and　placed　in　front　of　the　assembled　guests。　They　were　laden　with　pieces　of　meat；　piled　up；　and　there　were　huge　leavened…loaves　fastened　on　to　the　pieces　of　meat　with　long　skewers。　The　tables；　as　a　rule；　were　set　beside　the　guests　at　intervals。　That　was　the　custom；　and　Seuthes　set　the　fashion　of　the　performance。　He　took　up　the　loaves　which　lay　by　his　side　and　broke　them　into　little　pieces；　and　then　threw　the　fragments　here　to　one　and　there　to　another　as　seemed　to　him　good；　and　so　with　the　meat　likewise；　leaving　for　himself　the　merest　taste。　Then　the　rest　fell　to　following　the　fashion　set　them；　those　that　is　who　had　tables　placed　beside　them。

Now　there　was　an　Arcadian；　Arystas　by　name；　a　huge　eater；　he　soon　got　tired　of　throwing　the　pieces　about；　and　seized　a　good　three…quarters　loaf　in　his　two　hands；　placed　some　pieces　of　meat　upon　his　knees；　and　proceeded　to　discuss　his　dinner。　Then　beakers　of　wine　were　brought　round；　and　every　one　partook　in　turn；　but　when　the　cupbearer　came　to　Arystas　and　handed　him　the　bowl；　he　looked　up；　and　seeing　that　Xenophon　had　done　eating：　〃Give　it　him；〃　quoth　he；　〃he　is　more　at　leisure。　I　have　something　better　to　do　at　present。〃　Seuthes；　hearing　a　remark；　asked　the　cupbearer　what　was　said；　and　the　cupbearer；　who　knew　how　to　talk　Greek；　explained。　Then　followed　a　peal　of　laughter。

When　the　drinking　had　advanced　somewhat；　in　came　a　Thracian　with　a　white　horse；　who　snatched　the　brimming　bowl　and　said：　〃Here's　a　health　to　thee；　O　Seuthes！　Let　me　present　thee　with　this　horse。　Mounted　on　him；　thou　shalt　capture　whom　thou　choosest　to　pursue；　or　retiring　from　battle；　thou　shalt　not　dread　the　foe。〃　He　was　followed　by　one　who　brought　in　a　boy；　and　presented　him　in　proper　style　with　〃Here's　a　health　to　thee；　O　Seuthes！〃　A　third　had　〃clothes　for　his　wife。〃　Timasion；　the　Dardanian；　pledged　Seuthes；　and　presented　a　silver　bowl＇3＇　and　a　carpet　worth　ten　minae。　Gnesippus；　an　Athenian；　got　up　　　　28　and　said：　〃It　was　a　good　old　custom；　and　a　fine　one　too；　that　those　who　had；　should　give　to　the　king　for　honour's　sake；　but　to　those　who　had　not；　the　king　should　give；　whereby；　my　lord；〃　he　added；　〃I　too　may　one　day　have　the　wherewithal　to　give　thee　gifts　and　honour。〃　Xenophon　the　while　was　racking　his　brains　what　he　was　to　do；　he　was　not　the　happier　because　he　was　seated　in　the　seat　next　Seuthes　as　a　mark　of　honour；　and　Heracleides　bade　the　cupbearer　hand　him　the　bowl。　The　wine　had　perhaps　a　little　mounted　to　his　head；　he　rose；　and　manfully　seized　the　cup；　and　spoke：　〃I　also；　Seuthes；　have　to　present　you　with　myself　and　these　my　dear　comrades　to　be　your　trusty　friends；　and　not　one　of　them　against　his　will。　They　are　more　ready；　one　and　all；　still　more　than　I；　to　be　your　friends。　Here　they　are；　they　ask　nothing　from　you　in　return；　rather　they　are　forward　to　labour　in　your　behalf；　it　will　be　their　pleasure　to　bear　the　brunt　of　battle　in　voluntary　service。　With　them；　God　willing；　you　will　gain　vast　territory；　you　will　recover　what　was　once　your　forefathers'；　you　will　win　for　yourself　new　lands；　and　not　lands　only；　but　horses　many；　and　of　men　a　multitude；　and　many　a　fair　dame　besides。　You　will　not　need　to　seize　upon　them　in　robber　fashion；　it　is　your　friends　here　who；　of　their　own　accord；　shall　take　and　bring　them　to　you；　they　shall　lay　them　at　your　feet　as　gifts。〃　Up　got　Seuthes　and　drained　with　him　the　cup；　and　with　him　sprinkled　the　last　drops　fraternally＇4＇。

＇3＇　Or　rather　〃saucer〃　（｛phiale｝）。

＇4＇　For　the　Thracian　custom；　vide　Suidas；　s。v。　｛kataskedazein｝。

At　this　stage　entered　musicians　blowing　upon　horns　such　as　they　use　for　signal　calls；　and　trumpeting　on　trumpets；　made　of　raw　oxhide；　tunes　and　airs；　like　the　music　of　the　double…octave　harp＇5＇。　Seuthes　himself　got　up　and　shouted；　trolling　forth　a　war　song；　then　he　sprang　from　his　place　and　leapt　about　as　though　he　would　guard　himself　against　a　missile；　in　right　nimble　style。　Then　came　in　a　set　of　clowns　and　jesters。

＇5＇　Or；　〃magadis。〃　This　is　said　to　have　been　one　of　the　most　perfect　　　　　instruments。　It　comprised　two　full　octaves；　the　left　hand　playing　　　　　the　same　notes　as　the　right　an　octave　lower。　Guhl　and　Koner；　p。　　　　　203；　Engl。　transl。　See　also　〃Dict。　Antiq。〃　〃Musica〃；　and　Arist。　　　　　〃Polit。〃　xix。　18；　｛Dia　ti　e　dia　pason　sumphonia　adetai　mone；　　　　　magasizousi　gar　tauten；　allen　de　oudemian｝；　i。e。　〃since　no　　　　　interval　except　the　octave　（｛dia　pason｝）　could　be　'magidised'　（the　　　　　effect　of　any　other　is　well　known　to　be　intolerable）；　therefore　no　　　　　other　interval　was　employed　at　all。〃

But　when　the　sun　began　to　set；　the　Hellenes　rose　from　their　seats。　It　　　33　was　time；　they　said；　to　place　the　night　sentinels　and　to　pass　the　watchword；　further；　they　begged　of　Seuthes　to　issue　an　order　that　none　of　the　Thracians　were　to　enter　the　Hellenic　camp　at　night；　〃since　between　your　Thracian　foes　and　our　Thracian　friends　there　might　be　some　confusion。〃　As　they　sallied　forth；　Seuthes　rose　to　accompany　them；　like　the　soberest　of　men。　When　they　were　outside；　he　summoned　the　generals　apart　and　said：　〃Sirs；　our　enemies　are　not　aware　as　yet　of　our　alliance。　If；　therefore；　we　attack　them　before　they　take　precautions　not　to　be　caught；　or　are　prepared　to　repel　assault；　we　shall　make　a　fine　haul　of　captives　and　other　stock。〃　The　generals　fully　approved　of　these　views；　and　bade　him　lead　on。　He　answered：　〃Prepare　and　wait；　as　soon　as　the　right　time　comes　I　will　be　with　you。　I　shall　pick　up　the　peltasts　and　yourselves；　and　with　the　help　of　the　gods；　I　will　lead　on。〃　〃But　consider　one　point；〃　urged　Xenophon；　〃if　we　are　to　march　by　night；　is　not　the　Hellenic　fashion　best？　When　marching　in　the　daytime　that　part　of　the　army　leads　the　van　which　seems　best　suited　to　the　nature　of　the　country　to　be　traversedheavy　or　light　infantry；　or　cavalry；　but　by　night　our　rule　is　that　the　slowest　arm　should　take　the　lead。　Thus　we　avoid　the　risk　of　being　pulled　to　pieces：　and　it　is　not　so　easy　for　a　man　to　give　his　neighbour　the　slip　without　intending；　whereas　the　scattered　fragments　of　an　army　are　apt　to　fall　foul　of　one　another；　and　to　cause　damage　or　incur　it　in　sheer　ignorance。〃　To　this　Seuthes　replied：　〃You　reason　well；　and　I　will　adopt　your　custom。　I　will　furnish　you　with　guides　chosen　from　the　oldest　experts　of　the　country；　and　I　will　myself　follow　with　the　cavalry　in　the　rear；　it　will　not　take　me　long；　if　need　be；　to　present　myself　at　the　front。〃　Then；　for　kinship's　sake；　they　chose　〃Athenaia＇6＇〃　as　their　watchword。　With　this；　they　turned　and　sought　repose。

＇6＇　〃Our　Lady　of　Athens。〃

It　was　about　midnight　when　Seuthes　presented　himself　with　his　cavalry　troopers　armed　with　corselets；　and　his　light　infantry　under　arms。　As　　　　40　soon　as　he　had　handed　over　to　them　the　promised　guides；　the　heavy　infantry　took　the　van；　followed　by　the　light　troops　in　the　centre；　while　the　cavalry　brought　up　the　rear。　At　daybreak　Seuthes　rode　up　to　the　front。　He　complimented　them　on　their　method：　so　often　had　he　himself；　while　marching　by　night　with　a　mere　handful　of　men；　been　separated　with　his　cavalry　from　his　infantry。　〃But　now；〃　said　he；　〃we　find　ourselves　at　dawn　of　day　all　happily　together；　just　as　we　ought　to　be。　Do　you　wait　for　me　here；〃　he　proceeded；　〃and　recruit　yourselves。　I　will　take　a　look　round　and　rejoin　you。〃　So　saying　he　took　a　certain　path　over　hill　and　rode　off。　As　soon　as　he　had　reached　deep　snow；　he　looked　to　see　whether　there　were　footprints　of　human　beings　leading　forward　or　in　the　opposite　direction；　and　having　satisfied　himself　that　the　road　was　untrodden；　back　he　came；　exclaiming：　〃God　willing；　sirs；　it　will　be　all　right；　we　shall　fall　on　the　fellows；　before　they　know　where　they　are。　I　will　lead　on　with　the　cavalry；　so　that　if　we　catch　sight　of　any　one；　he　shall　not　escape　and　give　warning　to　the　enemy。　Do　you　follow；　and　if　you　are　left　behind；　keep　to　the　trail　of　the　horses。　Once　on　the　other　side　of　the　mountains；　we　shall　find　ourselves　in　numerous　thriving　villages。〃

By　the　middle　of　the　day　he　had　already　gained　the　top　of　the　pass　and　looked　down　upon　the　villages　below。　Back　he　came　riding　to　the　heavy　infantry　and　said：　〃I　will　at　once　send　off　the　cavalry　into　the　plain　below；　and　the　peltasts　too；　to　attack　the　villages。　Do　you　follow　with　what　speed　you　may；　so　that　in　case　of　resistance　you　may　lend　us　your　aid。〃　Hearing　this；　Xenophon　dismounted；　and　the　other　asked：　〃Why　do　you　dismount　just　when　speed　is　the　thing　we　want？〃　The　other　answered：　〃But　you　do　not　want　me　alone；　I　am　sure。　The　hoplites　will　run　all　the　quicker　and　more　cheerily　if　I　lead　them　on　foot。〃

Thereupon　Seuthes　went　off；　and　Timasion　with　him；　taking　the　Hellene　squadron　of　something　like　forty　troopers。　Then　Xenophon　passed　the　order：　the　active　young　fellows　up　to　thirty　years　of　age　from　the　different　companies　to　the　front；　and　off　with　these　he　went　himself；　bowling　along＇7＇；　while　Cleanor　led　the　other　Hellenes。　When　they　had　　　46　reached　the　villages；　Seuthes；　with　about　thirty　troopers；　rode　up；　exclaiming：　〃Well；　Xenophon；　this　is　just　what　you　said！　the　fellows　are　caught；　but　now　look　here。　My　cavalry　have　gone　off　unsupported；　they　are　scattered　in　pursuit；　one　here；　one　there；　and　upon　my　word；　I　am　more　than　half　afraid　the　enemy　will　collect　somewhere　and　do　them　a　mischief。　Some　of　us　must　remain　in　the　villages；　for　they　are　swarming　with　human　beings。〃　〃Well　then；〃　said　Xenophon；　〃I　will　seize　the　heights　with　the　men　I　have　with　me；　and　do　you　bid　Cleanor　extend　his　line　along　the　level　beside　the　villages。〃　When　they　had　done　so；　there　were　enclosedof　captives　for　the　slave　market；　one　thousand；　of　cattle；　two　thousand；　and　of　other　small　cattle；　ten　thousand。　For　the　time　being　they　took　up　quarters　there。

＇7＇　｛etropkhaze｝；　a　favourite　word　with　our　author。　Herodotus　uses　it；　　　　　so　does　Aristot。；　so　also　Polybius；　but　the　Atticists　condemn　it；　　　　　except　of　course　in　poetry。



IV

But　the　next　day　Seuthes　burnt　the　villages　to　the　ground；　he　left　not　　1　a　single　house；　being　minded　to　inspire　terror　in　the　rest　of　his　enemies；　and　to　show　them　what　they　also　were　to　expect；　if　they　refused　obedience；　and　so　he　went　back　again。　As　to