anabasis-第47章

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m　they　were　pleased；　and　ran　to　meet　him。　And　Xenophon；　seeing　Charminus　and　Polynicus；　said：　〃Thanks　to　your　intervention；　this　much　has　been　saved　for　the　army。　My　duty　is　to　deliver　this　fraction　over　to　your　keeping；　do　you　divide　and　distribute　it　to　the　soldiers。〃　Accordingly　they　took　the　property　and　appointed　official　vendors　of　the　booty；　and　in　the　end　incurred　considerable　blame。　Xenophon　held　aloof。　In　fact　it　was　no　secret　that　he　was　making　his　preparations　to　return　home；　for　as　yet　the　vote　of　banishment　had　not　been　passed　at　Athens＇1＇。　But　the　authorities　in　the　camp　came　to　him　and　begged　him　not　to　go　away　until　he　had　conducted　the　army　to　its　destination；　and　handed　it　over　to　Thibron。

＇1＇　I。e。　〃at　this　moment　the　vote　of　banishment　had　not　been　passed　　　　　which　would　prevent　his　return　to　Athens。〃　The　natural　inference　　　　　from　these　words　is；　I　think；　that　the　vote　of　banishment　was　　　　　presently　passed；　at　any　rate　considerably　earlier　than　the　battle　　　　　of　Coronea　in　B。C。　394；　five　years　and　a　half　afterwards。



VIII

From　this　place　they　sailed　across　to　Lampsacus；　and　here　Xenophon　was　　1　met　by　Eucleides　the　soothsayer；　a　Phliasian；　the　son　of　Cleagoras；　who　painted　〃the　dreams＇1＇〃　in　the　Lycium。　Eucleides　congratulated　Xenophon　upon　his　safe　return；　and　asked　him　how　much　gold　he　had　got？　and　Xenophon　had　to　confess：　〃Upon　my　word；　I　shall　have　barely　enough　to　get　home；　unless　I　sell　my　horse；　and　what　I　have　about　my　person。〃　The　other　could　not　credit　the　statement。　Now　when　the　Lampsacenes　sent　gifts　of　hospitaliry　to　Xenophon；　and　he　was　sacrificing　to　Apollo；　he　requested　the　presence　of　Eucleides；　and　the　latter；　seeing　the　victims；　said：　〃Now　I　believe　what　you　said　about　having　no　money。　But　I　am　certain；〃　he　continued；　〃if　it　were　ever　to　come；　there　is　an　obstacle　in　the　way。　If　nothing　else；　you　are　that　obstacle　yourself。〃　Xenophon　admitted　the　force　of　that　remark。　Then　the　other：　〃Zeus　Meilichios＇2＇　is　an　obstacle　to　you；　I　am　sure；〃　adding　in　another　tone　of　voice；　〃have　you　tried　sacrificing　to　that　god；　as　I　was　wont　to　sacrifice　and　offer　whole　burnt　offerings　for　you　at　home？〃　Xenophon　replied　that　since　he　had　been　abroad；　he　had　not　sacrificed　to　that　god。　Accordingly　Eucleides　counselled　him　to　sacrifice　in　the　old　customary　way：　he　was　sure　that　his　fortune　would　improve。　The　nexy　day　Xenophon　went　on　to　Ophrynium　and　sacrificed；　offering　a　holocaust　of　swine；　after　the　custom　of　his　family；　and　the　signs　which　he　obtained　were　favourable。　That　very　day　Bion　and　Nausicleides　arrived　laden　with　gifts　for　the　army。　These　two　were　hospitably　entertained　by　Xenophon；　and　were　kind　enough　to　repurchase　the　horse　he　had　sold　in　Lampsacus　for　fifty　darics；　suspecting　that　he　had　parted　with　it　out　of　need；　and　hearing　that　he　was　fond　of　the　beast　they　restored　it　to　him；　refusing　to　be　remunerated。

＇1＇　Reading　｛ta　enupnia｝；　or　if　｛ta　entoikhia｝　with　Hug　and　others；　　　　　translate　〃the　wall…paintings〃　or　the　〃frescoes。〃　Others　think　　　　　that　a　writing；　not　a　painting；　is　referred　to。

＇2＇　Zeus　Meilichios；　or　the　gentle　one。　See　Thuc。　i。　126。　The　festival　　　　　of　the　Diasia　at　Athens　was　in　honour　of　that　god；　or　rather　of　　　　　Zeus　under　that　aspect。　Cf。　Arist。　〃Clouds；〃　408。

From　that　place　they　marched　through　the　Troad；　and；　crossing　Mount　Ida；　arrived　at　Antandrus；　and　then　pushed　along　the　seaboard　of　Mysia　to　the　plain　of　Thebe＇3＇。　Thence　they　made　their　way　through　　　　　　　　　　　　8　Adramytium　and　Certonus＇4＇　by　Atarneus；　coming　into　the　plain　of　the　Caicus；　and　so　reached　Pergamus　in　Mysia。

＇3＇　Thebe；　a　famous　ancient　town　in　Mysia；　at　the　southern　foot　of　Mt。　　　　　Placius；　which　is　often　mentioned　in　Homer　（〃Il。〃　i。　366；　vi。　397；　　　　　xxii。　479；　ii。　691）。　See　〃Dict。　Geog。〃　s。v。　The　name　｛Thebes　　　　　pedion｝　preserves　the　site。　Cf。　above　｛Kaustrou　pedion｝；　and　such　　　　　modern　names　as　〃the　Campagna〃　or　〃Piano　di　Sorrento。〃

＇4＇　The　site　of　Certonus　is　not　ascertained。　Some　critics　have　　　　　conjectured　that　the　name　should　be　Cytonium；　a　place　between　　　　　Mysia　and　Lydia；　and　Hug；　who　reads　｛Kutoniou｝；　omits　｛odeusantes　　　　　par　'Atanea｝；　〃they　made　their　way　by　Atarneus；〃　as　a　gloss。

Here　Xenophon　was　hospitably　entertained　at　the　house　of　Hellas；　the　wife　of　Gongylus　the　Eretrian＇5＇；　the　mother　of　Gorgion　and　Gongylus。　From　her　he　learnt　that　Asidates；　a　Persian　notable；　was　in　the　plain。　〃If　you　take　thirty　men　and　go　by　night；　you　will　take　him　prisoner；〃　she　said；　〃wife；　children；　money；　and　all；　of　money　he　has　a　store；〃　and　to　show　them　the　way　to　these　treasures；　she　sent　her　own　cousin　and　Daphnagoras；　whom　she　set　great　store　by。　So　then　Xenophon；　with　these　two　to　assist；　did　sacrifice；　and　Basias；　an　Eleian；　the　soothsayer　in　attendance；　said　that　the　victims　were　as　promising　as　could　be；　and　the　great　man　would　be　an　easy　prey。　Accordingly；　after　dinner　he　set　off；　taking　with　him　the　officers　who　had　been　hs　staunchest　friends　and　confidants　throughout；　as　he　wished　to　do　them　a　good　turn。　A　number　of　others　came　thrusting　themselves　on　their　company；　to　the　number　of　six　hundred；　but　the　officers　repelled　them：　〃They　had　no　notion　of　sharing　their　portion　of　the　spoil；〃　they　said；　〃just　as　though　the　property　lay　already　at　their　feet。〃

＇5＇　Cf。　Thuc。　i。　128；　also　〃Hell。〃　III。　i。　6。

Ahout　midnight　they　arrived。　The　slaves　occupying　the　precincts　of　the　tower；　with　the　mass　of　goods　and　chattles；　slipped　through　their　fingers；　their　sole　anxiety　being　to　capture　Asidates　and　his　belongings。　So　they　brought　their　batteries　to　bear；　but　failing　to　take　the　tower　by　assault　（since　it　was　high　and　solid；　and　well　supplied　with　ramparts；　besides　having　a　large　body　of　warlike　defenders）；　they　endeavoured　to　undermine　it。　The　wall　was　eight　clay　bricks　thick；　but　by　daybreak　the　passage　was　effected　and　the　wall　undermined。　At　the　first　cleam　of　light　through　the　aperture；　one　of　　　　14　the　defendants　inside；　with　a　large　ox…spit；　smote　right　through　the　thigh　of　the　man　nearest　the　hole；　and　the　rest　discharged　their　arrows　so　hotly　that　it　was　dangerous　to　come　anywhere　near　the　passage；　and　what　with　their　shouting　and　kindling　of　beacon　fires；　a　relief　party　at　length　arrived；　consisting　of　Itabelius　at　the　head　of　his　force；　and　a　body　of　Assyrian　heavy　infantry　from　Comania；　and　some　Hyrcanian　cavalry＇6＇；　the　latter　also　being　mercenaries　of　the　king。　There　were　eighty　of　them；　and　another　detachment　of　light　troops；　about　eight　hundred；　and　more　from　Parthenium；　and　more　again　from　Apollonia　and　the　neighbouring　places；　also　cavalry。

＇6＇　The　Hyrcanian　cavalry　play　an　important　part　in　the　〃Cyropaedeia。〃　　　　　They　are　the　Scirites　of　the　Assyrian　army　who　came　over　to　Cyrus　　　　　after　the　first　battle。　Their　country　is　the　fertile　land　touching　　　　　the　south…eastern　corner　of　the　Caspian。　Cf。　〃Cyrop。〃　IV。　ii。　8；　　　　　where　the　author　（or　an　editor）　appends　a　note　on　the　present　　　　　status　of　the　Hyrcanians。

It　was　now　high　time　to　consider　how　they　were　to　beat　a　retreat。　So　seizing　all　the　cattle　and　sheep　to　be　had；　with　the　slaves；　they　put　them　within　a　hollow　square　and　proceed　to　drive　them　off。　Not　that　they　had　a　thought　to　give　to　the　spoils　now；　but　for　precaution's　sake　and　for　fear　lest　if　they　left　the　goods　and　chattels　behind　and　made　off；　the　retreat　would　rapidly　degenerate　into　a　stampede；　the　enemy　growing　bolder　as　the　troops　lost　heart。　For　the　present　then　they　retired　as　if　they　meant　to　do　battle　for　the　spoils。　As　soon　as　Gongylus　espied　how　few　the　Hellenes　were　and　how　large　the　attacking　party；　out　he　came　himself；　in　spite　of　his　mother；　with　his　private　force；　wishing　to　share　in　the　action。　Another　too　joined　in　the　rescueProcles；　from　Halisarna　and　Teuthrania；　a　descendant　of　Damaratus。　By　this　time　Xenophon　and　his　men　were　being　sore　pressed　by　the　arrows　and　slingstones；　though　they　marched　in　a　curve　so　as　to　keep　their　shields　facing　the　missles；　and　even　so；　barely　crossed　the　river　Carcasus；　nearly　half　of　them　wounded。　Here　it　was　that　Agasias　the　Stymphalian；　the　captain；　received　his　wound；　while　keeping　up　a　steady　unflagging　fight　against　the　enemy　from　beginning　to　end。　And　so　they　reached　home　in　safety　with　about　two　hundred　captives；　and　sheep　enough　for　sacrifices。

The　next　day　Xenophon　sacrificed　and　led　out　the　whole　army　under　the　　　20　cover　of　night；　intending　to　pierce　far　into　the　heart　of　Lydia　with　a　view　to　lulling　to　sleep　the　enemy's　alarm　at　his　proxmity；　and　so　in　fact　to　put　him　off　his　guard。　But　Asidates；　hearing　that　Xenophon　had　again　sacrificed　with　the　intention　of　another　attack；　and　was　approaching　with　his　whole　army；　left　his　tower　and　took　up　quarters　in　some　villages　lying　under　the　town　of　Parthenium。　Here　Xenophon's　party　fell　in　with　him；　and　took　him　prisoner；　with　his　wife；　his　children；　his　horses；　and　all　that　he　had；　and　so　the　promise　of　the　earlier　victims　was　literally　fulfilled。　After　that　they　returned　again　to　Pergamus；　and　here　Xenophon　might　well　thank　God　with　a　warm　heart；　for　the　Laconians；　the　officers；　the　other　generals；　and　the　soldiers　as　a　body　united　to　give　him　the　pick　of　horses　and　cattle　teams；　and　the　rest；　so　that　he　was　now　in　a　position　himself　to　do　another　a　good　turn。

Meanwhile　Thibron　arrived　and　received　the　troops　which　he　incorporated　with　the　rest　of　his　Hellenic　forces；　and　so　proceeded　to　prosecute　a　war　against　Tissaphernes　and　Pharnabazus＇7＇。

＇7＇　The　MSS。　add：　〃The　following　is　a　list　of　the　governors　of　the　　　　　several　territories　of　the　king　which　were　traversed　by　us　during　　　　　the　expedition：　Artimas；　governor　of　Lydia；　Artacamas；　of　Phrygia；　　　　　Mithridates；　of　Lycaonia　and　Cappadocia；　Syennesis；　of　Cilicia；　　　　　Dernes；　of　Phoenicia　and　Arabia；　Belesys；　of　Syria　and　Assyria；　　　　　Rhoparas；　of　Babylon；　Arbacus；　of　Media；　Tiribazus；　of　the　　　　　Phasians　and　Hesperites。　Then　some　independent　tribesthe　　　　　Carduchians　or　Kurds；　and　Chalybes；　and　Chaldaeans；　and　Macrones；　　　　　and　Colchians；　and　Mossynoecians；　and　Coetians；　and　Tibarenians。　　　　　Then　Corylas；　the　governor　of　Paphlagonia；　Pharnabazus；　of　the　　　　　Bithynians；　Seuthes；　of　the　European　Thracians。　The　entire　　　　　journey；　ascent　and　descent；　consisted　of　two　hundred　and　fifteen　　　　　stages　=　one　thousand　one　hundred　and　fifty…five　parasangs　=　　　　　thirty…four　thousand　six　hundred　and　fifty　stades。　Computed　in　　　　　time；　the　length　of　ascent　and　descent　together　amounted　to　one　　　　　year　and　three　months。〃　The　annotator　apparently　computes　the　　　　　distance　from　Ephesus　to　Cotyora。





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