the origins of contemporary france-4-第76章

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little　money　in　gold　and　silver；　all　without　any　calculation　or

enumeration。〃　…　〃Souvenirs　et　Journal　d'un　Bourgeois　d'Evreux；〃　p。93。

（February　25；　1795。）　The　meetings　of　the　popular　club　〃were　largely

devoted　to　reading　the　infamous　doings　and　robberies　of　the

revolutionary　committee。　　。　　。　　。　　The　members　who　designated

'suspects'　often　arrested　them　themselves；　and　drew　up　a　procès…verbal

in　which　they　omitted　to　state　the　jewels　and　gold　they　found。〃



＇121＇　Ibid。；　461。　　（Vendemaire　24；　year　III。　　Visit　of　Representative

Malarmé。）　The　former　Duc　de　Narbonne…Lorra　aged　eighty…four；　says　to

Malarmé：　〃Citizen　representative；　excuse　me　if　I　keep　my　cap　on；　I

lost　my　hair　in　that　prison；　without　having　been　able　to　get

permission　to　have　a　wig　made；　it　is　worse　than　being　robbed　on　the

road。〃　〃Did　they　steal　anything　from　you？〃　〃They　stole　one　hundred　and

forty　five　louis　d'or　and　paid　me　with　an　acquittance　for　a　tax　for

the　sans…culottes；　which　is　another　robbery　done　to　the　citizens　of

this　commune　where　I　have　neither　home　nor　possessions。〃　〃Who

committed　this　robbery？　〃　〃It　was　Citizen　Berger；　of　the　municipal

council。〃　〃　Was　nothing　else　taken　from　you？〃　〃They　took　a　silver

coffee…pot；　two　soap…cases　and　a　silver　shaving…dish〃　〃Who　took　those

articles？〃　〃It　was　Citizen　Miot　（a　notable　of　the　council）。〃　Miot

confesses　to　having　kept　these　objects　and　not　taken　them　to　the

Mint。…Ibid。；　178。　　（Vent？se　20；　year　II。）　Prisoners　all　have　their

shoes　taken；　even　those　who　had　but　one　pair；　a　promise　being　made

that　they　should　have　sabots　in　exchange；　which　they　never　got。　　Their

cloaks　also　were　taken　with　a　promise　to　pay　for　them；　which　was　never

done。　　…　〃Souvenirs　et　Journal　d'un　Bourgeois　d'Evreux；〃　p。92。

（February　25；　1795。）　The　sessions　of　the　popular　club　were　largely

devoted　to　reading　the　infamies　and　robberies　of　the　revolutionary

committee。　　Its　members；　who　designated　the　suspects；　often　arrested

them　themselves；　they　made　levies　and　reports　of　these　in　which　they

omitted　the　gold　and　jewels　found。〃



＇122＇　Moniteur；　XXII。　　133。　　（Session　of　Vendémiaire　II；　year　III。）

Report　by　Thibaudeau。　　〃These　seven　individuals　are　reprobates　who

were　dismissed　by　the　people's　representatives　for　having　stolen　the

effects　of　persons　arrested。　　A　document　is　on　record　in　which　they

make　a　declaration　that；　not　remembering　the　value　of　the　effects

embezzled；　they　agree　to　pay　damages　to　the　nation　of　twenty…two

francs　each。〃



＇123＇　Berryat　Saint…Prix；　447。　　Judge　Ragot　was　formerly　a　joiner　at

Lyons；　and　Viot；　the　public　prosecutor；　a　former　deserter　from　the

Penthièvre　regiment。　　〃Other　accused　persons　were　despoiled。　　Little

was　left　them　other　than　their　clothes；　which　were　in　a　bad　state。

Nappier；　the　bailiff；　was；　later；　（Messidor；　year　III。）；　condemned　to

irons　for　having　appropriated　a　part　of　the　effects；　jewels　and

assignats　belonging　to　persons　under　accusation。〃



＇124＇　The　words　of　Camille　Desmoulins　in　〃　La　France　Libre；〃　（August；

1782）。



＇125＇　De　Martel；　〃　Fouché；〃　362。…Ibid。；；　132；　162；　179；　427；　443。　　…

Lecarpentier；　in　La　Manche；　constantly　stated：　〃Those　who　do　not　like

the　Revolution；　must　pay　those　who　make　it。〃



＇126＇　Marcelin　Boudet；　175。　　（Address　of　Monestier　to　the　popular

clubs　of　Puy…de…Dome；　February　23；　1793。）



＇127＇　Alexandrine　des　Echerolles；　　〃Une　famille　noble　sous　la

Terreur。〃



＇128＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　65。　　（Letter　of　General　Kermorvan

to　the　president　of　the　committee　of　Public　Safety；　Valenciennes；

Fructidor　12；　year　III。）



＇129＇　Report　by　Courtois；　〃　Sur　les　papiers　de　Robespierre；〃　（Pieces

justificatives；　pp。　　312…324）；　Letters　of　Reverchon；　Germinal　29；

Floréal　7　and　23；　and　by　La　Porte；　Germinal　24；　year　II。



＇130＇　Ibid。　　Letter　by　La　Porte　〃I　do　not　know　what　fatality　induces

patriots　here　not　to　tolerate　their　brethren　whom　they　call　strangers

。　　。　　。　　They　have　declared　to　us　that　they　would　not　suffer　any　of

them　to　hold　office。〃　The　representatives　dared　arrest　but　two　robbers

and　despoilers；　who　are　now　free　and　declaiming　against　them　at　Paris。

〃Countless　grave　and　even　atrocious　circumstances　are　daily　presented

to　us　on　which　we　hesitate　to　act；　lest　we　should　strike　patriots；　or

those　who　call　themselves　such　。　　。　　。　　Horrible　depredations　are

committed。〃



＇131＇　Ibid。　　Letter　by　Reverchon　：　〃These　fanatics　all　want　the

Republic　simply　for　them…selves。〃　。　　。　　。　　〃They　call　themselves

patriots　only　to　cut　the　throats　of　their　brethren　and　get　rich。〃　…

Guillon　de　Montléon；　〃　Histoire　de　la　ville　de　Lyons　Pendant　la

Révolution　　III。；　166。　　（Report　by　Fouché；　April；　1794。）　〃Innocent

persons；　acquitted　by　the　terrible　tribunal　of　the　Revolutionary

committee；　were　again　consigned　to　the　dungeons　of　criminals　through

the　despotic　orders　of　the　thirty…two　committees；　because　they　were　so

unfortunate　as　to　complain　that；　on　returning　home；　they　could　not

find　the　strictly　necessary　objects　they　had　left　there。〃



＇132＇　Meissner；　〃Voyage　en　France　dans　les　Derniers　Mois　de　1795；〃

p。343。　　〃A　certain　domain　was　handed　over　to　one　of　their　creatures　by

the　revolutionary　departments　for　almost　nothing；　less　than　the

proceeds　of　the　first　cut　of　wood。〃…　Moniteur；　XXIII。；　397。　　（Speech

by　Bourdon　de　l'Oise；　May　6；　1795。）　〃A　certain　farmer　paid　for　his

farm　worth　five　thousand　francs　by　the　sale　of　one　horse。〃



＇133＇　Moniteur；　XXII。；　82。　　（Report　by　Grégoire；　Fructidor　14；　year

II。）　Ibid。；　775。　　（Report　by　Grégoire；　Frimaire　24；　year　III。）



＇134＇　〃Recueil　de　Pièces　Authentiques　sur　la　Révolution　à　Strasbourg；〃

II。；　p。　　I。　　（Procès…verbal；　drawn　up　in　the　presence　of　the　elder

Mouet　and　signed　by　him。）



＇135＇　Moniteur；　XXII。；　775。　　（Report　of　Grégoire；　Frimaire　24；　year

III。）　…　Ibid。；　711。　　（Report　by　Cambon；　Frimaire　6；　year　III。）　…

Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　65。　　（Letter　of　General　Kermorvan；

Valenciennes；　Fructidor　12；　year　III。）



＇136＇　〃Tableau　des　Prisons　de　Toulouse；〃　184。　　（Visit　of　Vent？se　27；

year　II。）



＇137＇　Archives　Nationales；　F。7；　7164。　　（Department　of　Var　〃Ideé

générale　et　appréciation　avec　détails　sur　chaque　canton；〃　year　V。）



＇138＇　Ibid。；　F。7；　7171　（No。　　7915）。…　（Department　of　Bouches…du…Rh？ne；

〃Ideé　générale；〃　year　V。）　…　（Letters　of　Miollis；　commissioner　of　the

Directory　in　the　department；　Vent？se　14　and　16；　year　V。　　Letter　of

Gen。　　Willot　to　the　Minister；　Vent？se　10；　and　of　Gen。　　Merle　to　Gen。

Willot；　Vent？se　17；　year　V。）　〃Several　sections　of　anarchists　travel

from　one　commune　to　another　exciting　weak　citizens　to　riots　and

getting　them　to　take　part　in　the　horrors　they　are　meditating。〃…　Ibid。；

F　7；　7164。　　Letter　of　Gen。　　Willot　to　the　Minister；　Aries；　Pluvi？se

12；　year　V。；　with　supporting　documents；　and　especially　a　letter　of　the

director　of　the　jury；　on　the　violence　committed　by；　and　the　reign　of；

the　Jacobins　in　Aries。）　Their　party　〃is　composed　of　the　vilest

artisans　and　nearly　all　the　sailors。〃　The　municipality　recruited

amongst　former　terrorists；　〃has　enforced　for　a　year　back　the　agrarian

law；　devastation　of　the　forests；　pillage　of　the　wheat…crops；　by　bands

of　armed　men　under　pretext　of　the　right　of　gleaning；　the　robbery　of

animals　at　the　plough　as　well　as　of　the　flocks；〃　etc。



＇139＇　Ibid。；　F。7；　7171。　　〃These　commissioners　（of　the　quarter）　notify

the　exclusives；　and　even　swindlers；　when　warrants　are　out　against

them。　　。　　。　　。　　The　same　measures　carried　out　in　the　primary

assemblies　on　the　1st　of　Thermidor　last；　in　the　selection　of　municipal

officers；　have　been　successfully　revived　in　the　organization　of　the

National　Guard　…　threats；　insults；　shouting；　assaults；　compulsory

ejection　from　meetings　then　governed　by　the　amnestied；　finally；　the

appointment　of　the　latter　to　the　principal　offices。　　In　effect；　all；

beginning　with　the　places　of　battalion　leaders　and　reaching　to　those

of　corporals；　are　exclusively　filled　by　their　partisans。　　The　result

is　that　the　honest；　to　whom　serving　with　men　regarded　by　them　with

aversion　is　repugnant；　employ　substitutes　instead　of　mounting　guard

themselves；　the　security　of　the　town　being　in　the　hands　of　those　who

themselves　ought　to　be　watched。〃



＇140＇　Archives　Nationales；　F。7；　3273。　　（Letter　of　Mérard；　former

administrator　and　judge　in　1790　and　1791；　in　years　III。；　IV。　　and　V。；

to　the　Minister；　Apt；　Pluvi？se　15；　year　III。；　with　personal　references

and　documentary　evidence。）　〃I　can　no　longer　refrain　at　the　sight　of　so

many　horrors　。　　。　　。　　。　　The　justices　of　the　peace　and　the　director　of

the　jury　excuse　themselves　on　the　ground　that　no　denunciations　or

witnesses　are　brought　forward。　　Who　would　dare　appear　against　men

arrogating　to　themselves　the　title　of　superior　patriots；　foremost　in

every　revolutionary　crisis；　and　with　friends　in　every　commune　and

protectors　in　all　high　places？　The　favor　they　enjoyed　was　such　that

the　commune　of　Gordes　was　free　of　any　levy　of　conscripts　and　from　all

requisitions。　　People　thus　disposed；　they　said；　to　second　civic　and

administrative　views；　could　not　be　humored　too　much。　　。　　。　　。　　。　　This

discouraging　state　of　things　simply　results　from　the　weakness；

inexperience；　ignorance；　apathy　and　immorality　of　the　public

functionaries　who；　since　the　18th　of　Fructidor；　year　V。；　swarm；　with　a

few　exceptions　only；　among　the　constituted　authorities。　　Whatever　is

most　foul　and　incompetent　is　in　office；　every　good　citizen　being

frightened　to　death。〃…　Ibid。　　（Letter　of　Montauban；　director　of　the

registry　since　1793　to　the　Minister　of　the　Interior；　a　compatriot；

Avignon；　Pluvi？se　7；　year　VII。）　〃Honest　folks　are　constantly　annoyed

and　put　down　by　the　authors　and　managers　of　the　'Glaciere'。　　。　　。　　。

。　　by　the　tools　of　the　bloody　tribunal　of　Orange　and　the　incendiaries

of　Bedouim。〃　He　enjoins　secrecy　on　this　letter；　which；　〃if　known　to

the　Glacièrists；　or　Orangeists；　would　cost　him　his　life。〃



＇141＇　Ibid。；　F。7；　7164。　　（Department　of　Var；　year　V。；　〃Ideé

Générale。〃）　〃National　character　is　gone；　it　is　even　demoralized：　an

office…holder　who　has　not　made　his　fortune　quickly　is　regarded　as　a

fool。〃



＇142＇　Moniteur；　XXII。；　240。　　（Indictment　of　the　fourteen　members　of

the　Revolutionary　committee　of　Nantes；　and　the　summing…up　of　the

examination；　Vendémiaire　23；　year　II。）　When　there　is　no　special

information　concerning　the　other　committees　the　verdict；　on　the　whole；

is　nearly　always　as　overwhe1ming。…Ibid。　　（Session　of　Vendémiaire　12；

year　III。　　complaint　of　a　deputation　from　Ferney…Voltaire。）　〃The　Gex

district　was；　for　over　a　year；　a　prey　to　five　or　six　scoundrels　who

took　refuge　there。　　Under　the　mask　of　patriotism　they　succeeded　in

getting　possession　of　all　the　offices。　　Vexations　of　every　kind；

robberies　of　private　houses；　squandering　of　public　money；　were

committed　by　these　monsters。〃　（The　Ferney　deputies　brought　with　them

the　testimony　of　witnesses。）　…　Ibid。；　2