the origins of contemporary france-4-第77章
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committed by these monsters。〃 (The Ferney deputies brought with them
the testimony of witnesses。) … Ibid。; 290。 (Letters of Representative
Goupilleau; Beziers; Vendémiaire 28; year III。 on the terrorists of
Vaucluse。) 〃 These carnivorous fellows; regretting the times when they
could rob and massacre with impunity 。 。 。 。 Who; six months ago;
were starving and who now live in the most scandalous opulence 。 。 。
Squanderers of the public funds; robbers of private fortunes 。 。 。
Guilty of rapine; of forced contributions; of extortions;〃 etc。 …
Prudhomme; 〃Les crimes de la Révolution;〃 VI。; 79。 (On the
Revolutionary committee installed by Fouché at Nevers。) The local
investigation shows that the eleven leaders were men of vile
character; unfrocked and disreputable priests; lawyers and notaries
driven out of their professional bodies; and even from the popular
clubs; on account of their dishonesty; penniless actors; surgeons
without patients; depraved; ruined; incapable men; and two jail…birds。
'143' Beaulieu; III。; 754。 … Cf。 〃The Revolution;〃 vol。 II。; ch。
I。; § 9。
'144' 〃Recueil de pièces authentiques sur la Révolution à Strasbourg;〃
I。; 21。 … Archives Nationales D。; I。; § 6。 (Orders by Rousselin;
Frimaire II; year II。)
'145' 〃Un Sejour en France de 1792 à 1795;〃 p。409。
'146' I have not found a complete list of the towns and departments
which had a revolutionary army。 The correspondence of representatives
on mission and published documents verify the presence of
revolutionary armies in the towns mentioned。
'147' De Martel; 〃Fouché;〃 338。 (Text of the orders of the
commissioners of Public Safety。) The detachment sent to Lyons
comprises twelve hundred fusiliers; six hundred gunners; one hundred
and fifty horses。 Three hundred thousand livres are remitted as
traveling expenses to the commissary; fifty thousand to Collot
d'Herbois; and nineteen thousand two hundred to the Jacobin civilians
accompanying them。
'148' Moniteur。 (Session of Brumaire 17 year III。) Letter of
Representative Calès to the Convention。 〃Under the pretext of
guarding the prisons; the municipality (of Dijon) had a revolutionary
army which I broke up two days ago; as it cost six thousand francs a
month; and would not obey the commander of the armed force; and served
as a support to intriguers。 These soldiers; who were all workmen out
of employment; do nothing but post themselves in the tribunes of the
clubs; where they; with the women they bring along with them; applaud
the leaders; and so threaten citizens who are disposed to combat them;
and force these to keep their mouths shut。〃 ??De Martel; 〃Fouché;〃
425。 〃Javogues; to elude a decree of the Convention (Frimaire 14)
suppressing the revolutionary army in the departments; converted the
twelve hundred men he had embodied in it in the Loire into paid
soldiers。〃? Ibid。; 132。 (Letter of Goulin; Bourg; Frimaire 23。)
〃Yesterday; at Bourg…Régeriéré; I found Javogues with about four
hundred men of the revolutionary army whom he had brought with him on
the 20th instant。〃
'149' Buchez et Roux; XXIX。; 45。 … Moniteur; XX。; 67。 (Report of
Barère; Germinal 7。) … Sauzay; IV。; 303。 (Orders of Representative
Bassal at Bésan?on。)
'150' We see by Barère's report (Germinal 7; year II。) that the
revolutionary army of Paris; instead of being six thousand men; was
only four thousand; which is creditable to Paris。 … Mallet…Dupan;
II。; 52。 (cf。 〃The Revolution;〃 II。; 353。) … Gouvion St。 Cyr; I。;
137。 〃In these times; the representatives had organized in Haut…Rhin
what they called a revolutionary army; composed of deserters and all
the vagabonds and scamps they could pick up who had belonged to the
popular club; they dragged along after it what they called judges and
a guillotine。〃 … 〃Hua; 〃Souvenirs d'un Avocat;〃 196。
'151' Riouffe; 〃Memoires d'un deténue。〃 P。31。
'152' Ibid。; 〃These balls were brought out ostentatiously and shown to
the people beforehand。 The tying of our hands and passing three ropes
around our waists did not seem to him sufficient。 We kept these irons
on the rest of the route; and they were so heavy that; if the carriage
had tilted to one side; we should inevitably have had our legs broken。
The gate…keepers of the conciergerie of Paris; who had held their
places nine…teen years; were astonished at it。〃
'153' Archives des Affaires étrangères; vol。331。 (Letter of Haupt;
Belfort; Frimaire 13; year II。)
'154' Ibid。 (Letter by Desgranges; Bordeaux; Frimaire 10。)
'155' Ibid。; vol。332。 (Letter of Thiberge; Marseilles; Frimaire 14。)
〃I surrounded the town with my small army。〃
'156' Ibid。; 331。 (Orders of Representative Bassal; Besan?on Frimaire
5。) 〃No citizen shall keep in his house more than four months'
supplies。 。 。 。 Every citizen with more than this will deposit the
surplus in the granary 'd'abondance' provided for the purpose。 。 。
。 Immediately on receipt of the present order; the municipality will
summon all citizens that can thresh and proceed immediately; without
delay; to the threshing…ground; under penalty of being prosecuted as
refractory to the law。 。 。 。 The revolutionary army is specially
charged with the execution of the articles of this order; and the
revolutionary tribunals; following this army with the enforcement of
the penalties inflicted according to this order。〃 … Other documents
show us that the revolutionary army; organized in the department of
Doubs and in the five neighboring departments; comprises; in all; two
thousand four hundred men。 (Ibid。; vol。; 1411。 Letter of Meyenfeld
to Minister Desforges; Brumaire 27; year II。) … Archives Nationales;
AF。; II。; 111。 (Order of Couthon; Maignet; Chateauneuf; Randon; La
Porte and Albitte; Commune…Affranchie; Brumaire 9; year II。;
establishing in the ten surrounding departments a revolutionary army
of one thousand men per department; for the conscription of grain。
Each army is to be directed by commissioners; strangers to the
department; and is to operate in other departments than in the one
where it is raised。)
'157' Archives des Affaires étrangères; 331。 (Letter of Chépy;
Frimaire II。) … Writing one month before this; (Brumaire 6) he says:
〃The farmers show themselves very hostile against the towns and the
law of the maximum。 Nothing can be done without a revolutionary
army。〃
'158' Mercier; 〃Paris Pendant la Révolution;〃 I。; 357。
'159' Hua; 197。 I do not find in any printed or manuscript document
but one case of resistance; that of the brothers Chaperon; in the
hamlet of Leges; near Sens; who declare that they have no wheat except
for their own use; and who defend themselves by the use of a gun。 The
gendarmerie not being strong enough to overcome them; the tocsin is
sounded and the National Guard of Sens and the neighborhood is
summoned; bringing cannon; the affair ends with the burning of the
house。 The two brothers are killed。 Before being overcome; however;
they had struck down the captain of the National Guard of Sens and
killed or wounded nearly forty of their assailants。 A surviving
brother and a sister are guillotined。 (June; 1794。 Wallon; IV。;
352。)
'160' Moniteur; XVIII。; 663。 (Session of Frimaire 24; report by
Lecointre。) 〃The communes of Thieux; Jully and many others were
victims to their brigandage。〃 … 〃The stupor in the country is such
that the poor sufferers dare not complain of these vexations because;
they say; they are only too lucky to have escaped with their lives。〃 …
This time; however; these public brigands made a mistake。 Gibbon's
son happens to be Lecointre's tenant farmer。 Moreover; it is only
accidentally that he mentions the circumstance to his landlord; 〃he
came to see him for another purpose。〃 … Cf。 〃The Revolution;〃 vol。
II。; 302。 (There is a similar scene in the house of one Ruelle; a
farmer; in the commune of Lisse。)
'161' Passim Alfred Lallier; 〃Le sans…culotte Goullin。〃 … Wallon;
〃Histoire du Tribunal révolutionnaire de Paris;〃 V。; 368。 (Deposition
of Lacaille。) … In addition to this; the most extraordinary monsters
are met with in other administrative bodies; for example; in Nantes; a
Jean d'Héron; tailor; who becomes inspector of military stores。
〃After the rout at Clisson; says the woman Laillet; he appeared in the
popular club with a brigand's ear attached to his hat by way of
cockade。 His pockets were full of ears; which he took delight in
making the women kiss。 He exposed other things which he made them
kiss and the woman Laillet adds certain details which I dare not
transcribe。〃 (〃 Le patriote d'Héron;〃 by L。 de la Sicotière; pp。9 and
10。 Deposition of the woman Laillet; fish…dealer; also the testimony
of Mellinet; vol。 VIII。; p。256。)
'162' Wallon; V。; 368。 (Deposition of de Laillet。)
'163' Ibid。; V。; 37'。 (Deposition of Tabouret。)
'164' Ibid。; V。; 373。 (Deposition of Mariotte。)
'165' Monieur; XXII。; 321。 (Deposition of Philippe Troncjolly。) …
Berryat Saint…Prix; 〃La Justice Révolutionnaire;〃 39。
'166' Campardon; 〃Histoire du Tribunal Révolutionnaire;〃 II。; 30。
They have ten francs a day; and full powers conferred on them。
(Orders of Carrier and Francastel; October 28; 1793。) 〃The
representatives。 。 。 。 confer collectively and individually; on
each member of the revolutionary company; the right of surveillance
over all 'suspect' citizens in Nantes; over strangers who come to or
reside there; over monopolists of every sort。 。 。 。 The right to
make domiciliary visits wherever they may deem it advisable。 。 。 。
The armed force will everywhere respond to the demands made upon it in
the name of the company; or of any individual member composing it。〃 …
Berryat Saint…Prix; p。 42。 … Alfred Lallier; 〃 Les Noyades de
Nantes;〃 p。20。 (Deposition of Gauthier。) Ibid。; p。22。 〃Damn;〃
exclaims Carrier; 〃I kept that execution for Lamberty。 I'm sorry that
it was done by others。〃
'167' Alfred Lallier; ibid。; pp。21 and 90。 … Cf。 Moniteur; XXII。;
331。 (Deposition of Victoire Abraham。) 〃The drowners made quite free
with the women; even using them for their own purposes when pleased
with them; which women; in token of their kindness; enjoyed the
precious advantage of not being drowned。〃
'168' Campardon; II。; 8。 (Deposition of Commeret。) … Berryat Saint…
Prix; p。 42。…Ibid。; p。28。 Other agents of Carrier; Fouquet and
Lamberty; were condemned specially; 〃for having saved from national
vengeance Madame de Martilly and her maid 。 。 。 They shared the
woman Martilly and the maid between them。〃 In connection with the
〃dainty taste〃 of Jacobins for silk dresses M。 Berryat Saint…Prix
cites the following answer of a Jacobin of 1851 to the judge
d'instruction of Rheims; on the objection being made to him that the
Republic; as he understood