flamininus-第4章

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with　their　sons；　some　with　their　brothers；　others　with　their
acquaintance；　slaves　with　their　free；　and　captives　with　their
victorious　countrymen。　Titus；　though　deeply　concerned　on　their　behalf；
yet　took　none　of　them　from　their　masters　by　constraint。　But　the
Achaeans；　redeeming　them　at　five　pounds　a　man；　brought　them　altogether
into　one　place；　and　made　a　present　of　them　to　him；　as　he　was　just
going　on　shipboard；　so　that　he　now　sailed　away　with　the　fullest
satisfaction；　his　generous　actions　having　procured　him　as　generous
returns；　worthy　a　brave　man　and　a　lover　of　his　country。　This　seemed
the　most　glorious　part　of　all　his　succeeding　triumph；　for　these
redeemed　Romans　（as　it　is　the　custom　for　slaves；　upon　their
manumission；　to　shave　their　heads　and　wear　felt　hats）　followed　in　that
habit　in　the　procession。　To　add　to　the　glory　of　this　show；　there
were　the　Grecian　helmets；　the　Macedonian　targets　and　long　spears；
borne　with　the　rest　of　the　spoils　in　public　view；　besides　vast　sums　of
money；　Tuditanus　says；　3；713　pounds　weight　of　massy　gold；　43；270　of
silver；　14；514　pieces　of　coined　gold；　called　Philippics；　which　was　all
over　and　above　the　thousand　talents　which　Philip　owed；　and　which　the
Romans　were　afterwards　prevailed　upon；　chiefly　by　the　mediation　of
Titus；　to　remit　to　Philip；　declaring　him　their　ally　and　confederate；
and　sending　him　home　his　hostage　son。
　　Shortly　after；　Antiochus　entered　Greece　with　a　numerous　fleet　and
a　powerful　army；　soliciting　the　cities　there　to　sedition　and　revolt；
abetted　in　all　and　seconded　by　the　Aetolians；　who　for　this　long　time
had　borne　a　grudge　and　secret　enmity　to　the　Romans；　and　now
suggested　to　him；　by　the　way　of　a　cause　and　pretext　of　war；　that　he
came　to　bring　the　Greeks　liberty。　When；　indeed；　they　never　wanted　it
less；　as　they　were　free　already；　but；　in　lack　of　really　honourable
grounds；　he　was　instructed　to　employ　these　lofty　professions。　The
Romans；　in　the　interim；　in　the　great　apprehension　of　revolutions　and
revolt　in　Greece；　and　of　his　great　reputation　for　military　strength；
despatched　the　consul　Manius　Acilius　to　take　the　charge　of　the　war；
and　Titus；　as　his　lieutenant；　out　of　regard　to　the　Greeks：　some　of
whom　he　no　sooner　saw；　but　he　confirmed　them　in　the　Roman　interests；
others；　who　began　to　falter；　like　a　timely　physician；　by　the　use　of
the　strong　remedy　of　their　own　affection　for　himself；　he　was　able　to
arrest　in　the　first　stage　of　the　disease；　before　they　had　committed
themselves　to　any　great　error。　Some　few　there　were　whom　the
Aetolians　were　beforehand　with；　and　had　so　wholly　perverted　that　he
could　do　no　good　with　them；　yet　these；　however　angry　and　exasperated
before；　he　saved　and　protected　when　the　engagement　was　over。　For
Antiochus；　receiving　a　defeat　at　Thermopylae；　not　only　fled　the　field；
but　hoisted　sail　instantly　for　Asia。　Manius；　the　consul；　himself
invaded　and　besieged　a　part　of　the　Aetolians；　while　King　Philip　had
permission　to　reduce　the　rest。　Thus　while；　for　instance；　the　Dolopes
and　Magnesians　on　the　one　hand；　the　Athamanes　and　Aperantians　on　the
other；　were　ransacked　by　the　Macedonians；　and　while　Manius　laid
Heraclea　waste；　and　besieged　Naupactus；　then　in　the　Aetolians'
hands；　Titus；　still　with　a　compassionate　care　for　Greece；　sailed
across　from　Peloponnesus　to　the　consul：　and　began　first　of　all　to
chide　him；　that　the　victory　should　be　owing　alone　to　his　arms；　and　yet
he　should　suffer　Philip　to　bear　away　the　prize　and　profit　of　the
war；　and　set　wreaking　his　anger　upon　a　single　town；　whilst　the
Macedonians　overran　several　nations　and　kingdoms。　But　as　he　happened
to　stand　then　in　view　of　the　besieged；　they　no　sooner　spied　him　out；
but　they　call　to　him　from　their　wall；　they　stretch　forth　their
hands；　they　supplicate　and　entreat　him。　At　the　time；　he　said　not　a
word　more；　but　turning　about　with　tears　in　his　eyes；　went　his　way。
Some　little　while　after　he　discussed　the　matter　so　effectually　with
Manius；　that　he　won　him　over　from　his　passion；　and　prevailed　with
him　to　give　a　truce　and　time　to　the　Aetolians　to　send　deputies　to　Rome
to　petition　the　senate　for　terms　of　moderation。
　　But　the　hardest　task；　and　that　which　put　Titus　to　the　greatest
difficulty；　was　to　entreat　with　Manius　for　the　Chalcidians；　who　had
incensed　him　on　account　of　a　marriage　which　Antiochus　had　made　in
their　city；　even　whilst　the　war　was　on　foot；　a　match　noways　suitable
in　point　of　age；　he　an　elderly　man　being　enamoured　with　a　mere　girl；
and　as　little　proper　for　the　time；　in　the　midst　of　a　war。　She　was
the　daughter　of　one　Cleoptolemus；　and　is　said　to　have　been　wonderfully
beautiful。　The　Chalcidians；　in　consequence；　embraced　the　king's
interests　with　zeal　and　alacrity；　and　let　him　make　their　city　the
basis　of　his　operations　during　the　war。　Thither；　therefore；　he　made
with　all　speed；　when　he　was　routed　and　fled；　and　reaching　Chalcis；
without　making　any　stay；　taking　this　young　lady；　and　his　money　and
friends　with　him；　away　he　sails　to　Asia。　And　now　Manius's
indignation　carrying　him　in　all　haste　against　the　Chalcidians；　Titus
hurried　after　him；　endeavouring　to　pacify　and　to　entreat　him；　and　at
length　succeeded　both　with　him　and　the　chief　men　among　the　Romans。
　　The　Chalcidians；　thus　owing　their　lives　to　Titus；　dedicated　to　him
all　the　best　and　most　magnificent　of　their　sacred　buildings；
inscriptions　upon　which　may　be　seen　to　run　thus　to　this　day：　THE
PEOPLE　DEDICATE　THIS　GYMNASIUM　TO　TITUS　AND　TO　HERCULES；　so　again：　THE
PEOPLE　CONSECRATE　THE　DELPHINIUM　TO　TITUS　AND　TO　HERCULES；　and　what　is
yet　more；　even　in　our　time；　a　priest　of　Titus　was　formerly　elected　and
declared；　and　after　sacrifice　and　libation；　they　sing　a　set　song；　much
of　which　for　the　length　of　it　we　omit；　but　shall　transcribe　the
closing　verses…

　　　　　　　　〃The　Roman　Faith；　whose　aid　of　yore
　　　　　　　　　Our　vows　were　offered　to　implore；
　　　　　　　　　We　worship　now　and　evermore。
　　　　　　　　　To　Rome；　to　Titus；　and　to　Jove；
　　　　　　　　　O　maidens；　in　the　dances　move。
　　　　　　　　　Dances　and　Io…Paeans　too
　　　　　　　　　Unto　the　Roman　Faith　are　due；
　　　　　　　　　O　Saviour　Titus；　and　to　you。〃

Other　parts　of　Greece　also　heaped　honours　upon　him　suitable　to　his
merits；　and　what　made　all　those　honours　true　and　real；　was　the
surprising　goodwill　and　affection　which　his　moderation　and　equity　of
character　had　won　for　him。　For　if　he　were　at　any　time　at　variance　with
anybody　in　matters　of　business；　or　out　of　emulation　and　rivalry　（as
with　Philopoemen；　and　again　with　Diophanes；　when　in　office　as
general　of　the　Achaeans）；　his　resentment　never　went　far；　nor　did　it
ever　break　out　into　acts；　but　when　it　had　vented　itself　in　some
citizen…like　freedom　of　speech；　there　was　an　end　of　it。　In　fine；
nobody　charged　malice　or　bitterness　upon　his　nature；　though　many
imputed　hastiness　and　levity　to　it；　in　general；　he　was　the　most
attractive　and　agreeable　of　companions；　and　could　speak；　too；　both
with　grace　and　forcibly。　For　instance；　to　divert　the　Achaeans　from　the
conquest　of　the　isle　of　Zacynthus；　〃If；〃　said　he；　〃they　put　their　head
too　far　out　of　Peloponnesus；　they　may　hazard　themselves　as　much　as　a
tortoise　out　of　its　shell。〃　Again；　when　he　and　Philip　first　met　to
treat　of　a　cessation　and　peace；　the　latter　complaining　that　Titus　came
with　a　mighty　train；　while　he　himself　came　alone　and　unattended；
〃Yes；〃　replied　Titus；　〃you　have　left　yourself　alone　by　killing　your
friends。〃　At　another　time；　Dinocrates；　the　Messenian；　having　drunk　too
much　at　a　merry…meeting　in　Rome；　danced　there　in　woman's　clothes；
and　the　next　day　addressed　himself　to　Titus　for　assistance　in　his
design　to　get　Messene　out　of　the　hands　of　the　Achaeans。　〃This；〃
replied　Titus；　〃will　be　matter　for　consideration；　my　only　surprise
is　that　a　man　with　such　purposes　on　his　hands　should　be　able　to
dance　and　sing　at　drinking　parties。〃　When；　again；　the　ambassadors　of
Antiochus　were　recounting　to　those　of　Achaea　the　various　multitudes
composing　their　royal　master's　forces；　and　ran　over　a　long　catalogue
of　hard　names；　〃I　supped　once；〃　said　Titus；　〃with　a　friend；　and
could　not　forbear　expostulating　with　him　at　the　number　of　dishes　he
had　provided；　and　said　I　wondered　where　he　had　furnished　himself
with　such　a　variety；　'Sir；'　replied　he；　'to　confess　the　truth；　it　is
all　hog's　flesh　differently　cooked。'　And　so；　men　of　Achaea；　when　you
are　told　of　Antiochus's　lancers；　and　pikemen；　and　foot…guards；　I
advise　you　not　to　be　surprised；　since　in　fact　they　are　all　Syrians；
differently　armed。〃
　　After　his　achievements　in　Greece；　and　when　the　war　with　Antiochus
was　at　an　end；　Titus　was　created　censor；　the　most　eminent　office；　and；
in　a　manner；　the　highest　preferment；　in　the　commonwealth。　The　son　of
Marcellus；　who　had　been　five　times　consul；　was　his　colleague。　These；
by　virtue　of　their　office；　cashiered　four　senators　of　no　great
distinction；　and　admitted　to　the　roll　of　citizens　all　freeborn
residents。　But　this　was　more　by　constraint　than　their　own　choice；
for　Terentius　Culeo；　then　tribune　of　the　people；　to　spite　the
nobility；　spurred　on　the　populace　to　order　it　to　be　done。　At　this
time；　the　two　greatest　and　most　eminent　persons　in　the　city；　Africanus
Scipio　and　Marcus　Cato；　were　at　variance。　Titus　named　Scipio　first
member　of　the　senate；　and　involved　himself　in　a　quarrel　with　Cato；
on　the　following　unhappy　occasion。　Titus　had　a　brother；　Lucius
Flamininus；　very　unlike　him　in　all　points　of　character；　and；　in
particular；　low　and　dissolute　in　his　pleasures；　and　flagrantly
regardless　of　all　decency。　He　kept　as　a　companion　a　boy　whom　he　used
to　carry　about　with　him；　not　only　when　he　had　troops　under　his　charge；
but　even　when　the　care　of　a　province　was　committed　to　him。　One　day
at　a　drinking…bout；　when　the　youngster　was　wantoning　with　Lucius；　〃I
love　you；　sir；　so　dearly；〃　said　he；　〃that　preferring　your　satisfaction
to　my　own；　I　came　away　without　seeing　the　gladiators；　though　I　have
never　seen　a　man　killed　in　my　life。〃　Lucius；　delighted　with　what　the
boy　said；　answered；　〃Let　not　that　trouble　you；　I　can　satisfy　that
longing；〃　and　with　that　orders　a　condemned　man　to　be　fetched　out　of
the　prison；　and　the　executioner　to　be　sent　for；　and　commands　him　to
strike　off　the　man's　head；　before　they　rose　from　table。　Valerius
Antias　only　so　far　varies　the　story　as　to　make　it　a　woman　for　whom
he　did　it。　But　Livy　says　that　in　Cato's　own　speech　the　statement　is
that　a　Gaulish　deserter　coming　with　his　wife　and　children　to　the　door；
Lucius　took　him　into　the　banqueting…room；　and　killed　him　with　his
own　hand；　to　gratify　his　paramour。　Cato；　it　is　probable；　might　say
this　by　way　of　aggravation　of　the　crime；　but　that　the　slain　was　no
such　fugitive；　but　a　prisoner；　and　one　condemned　to　die；　not　to
mention　other　authorities；　Cicero　tells　us　in　his　treatise　on　Old　Age；
where　he　brings　in　Cato；　himself；　giving　that　account　of　the　matter。
　　However；　this　is　certain；　Cato；　during　his　censorship；　made　a　severe
scrutiny　into　the　senators'　lives　in　order　to　the　purging　and
reforming　the　house；　and　expelled　Lucius；　though　he　had　been　once
consul　before；　and　though　the　punishment　seemed　to　reflect　dishonour
on　his　brother　also。　Both　of　them　presented　themselves　to　the　assembly
of　the　people　in　a　suppliant　manner；　not　without　tears　in　their
eyes；　requesti