stories to tell to children(¶ùͯ¹ÊÊÂ)-µÚ1ÕÂ
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Stories¡¡To¡¡Tell¡¡Children¡¡
Stories¡¡To¡¡Tell¡¡Children¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡2¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Stories¡¡To¡¡Tell¡¡Children¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Concerning¡¡the¡¡fundamental¡¡points¡¡of¡¡method¡¡in¡¡telling¡¡a¡¡story£»¡¡I¡¡have¡¡
little¡¡to¡¡add¡¡to¡¡the¡¡principles¡¡which¡¡I¡¡have¡¡already¡¡stated¡¡as¡¡necessary£»¡¡in¡¡
my¡¡opinion£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡book¡¡of¡¡which¡¡this¡¡is£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡way£»¡¡the¡¡continuation¡£¡¡But¡¡in¡¡
the¡¡two¡¡years¡¡which¡¡have¡¡passed¡¡since¡¡that¡¡book¡¡was¡¡written£»¡¡I¡¡have¡¡had¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡happiness¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡working¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡stories¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡telling¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡them£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡
teachers¡¡and¡¡students¡¡all¡¡over¡¡this¡¡country£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡that¡¡experience¡¡certain¡¡
secondary¡¡points¡¡of¡¡method¡¡have¡¡come¡¡to¡¡seem¡¡more¡¡important£»¡¡or¡¡at¡¡least¡¡
more¡¡in¡¡need¡¡of¡¡emphasis£»¡¡than¡¡they¡¡did¡¡before¡£¡¡As¡¡so¡¡often¡¡happens£»¡¡I¡¡had¡¡
assumed¡¡that¡¡¡¨those¡¡things¡¡are¡¡taken¡¡for¡¡granted£»¡¨¡¡whereas£»¡¡to¡¡the¡¡beginner¡¡
or¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡teacher¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡naturally¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡story¡teller£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡secondary¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡implied¡¡
technique¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡often¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡greater¡¡¡¡¡¡difficulty¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mastery¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡underlying¡¡
principles¡£¡¡The¡¡few¡¡suggestions¡¡which¡¡follow¡¡are¡¡of¡¡this¡¡practical£»¡¡obvious¡¡
kind¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Take¡¡your¡¡story¡¡seriously¡£¡¡No¡¡matter¡¡how¡¡riotously¡¡absurd¡¡it¡¡is£»¡¡or¡¡how¡¡
full¡¡of¡¡inane¡¡repetition£»¡¡remember£»¡¡if¡¡it¡¡is¡¡good¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡tell£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡a¡¡real¡¡
story£»¡¡and¡¡must¡¡be¡¡treated¡¡with¡¡respect¡£¡¡If¡¡you¡¡cannot¡¡feel¡¡so¡¡toward¡¡it£»¡¡do¡¡
not¡¡tell¡¡it¡£¡¡Have¡¡faith¡¡in¡¡the¡¡story£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡the¡¡attitude¡¡of¡¡the¡¡children¡¡toward¡¡
it¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡fail¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡this£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡immediate¡¡¡¡¡¡result¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡touch¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
shame¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡facedness£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡affecting¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡manner¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡unfavorably£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and£»¡¡¡¡¡¡probably£»¡¡
influencing¡¡your¡¡accuracy¡¡and¡¡imaginative¡¡vividness¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Perhaps¡¡I¡¡can¡¡make¡¡the¡¡point¡¡clearer¡¡by¡¡telling¡¡you¡¡about¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
girls¡¡in¡¡a¡¡class¡¡which¡¡was¡¡studying¡¡stories¡¡last¡¡winter£»¡¡I¡¡feel¡¡sure¡¡if¡¡she¡¡or¡¡
any¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡fellow¡¡¡¡¡¡students¡¡¡¡¡¡recognizes¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡incident£»¡¡¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡resent¡¡
being¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡serve¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡good¡¡¡¡¡¡cause£»¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡unattractive¡¡¡¡¡¡guise¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
warning¡¡example¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡few¡¡members¡¡of¡¡the¡¡class¡¡had¡¡prepared¡¡the¡¡story¡¡of¡¡¡¨The¡¡Fisherman¡¡
and¡¡his¡¡Wife¡£¡¨¡¡The¡¡first¡¡girl¡¡called¡¡on¡¡was¡¡evidently¡¡inclined¡¡to¡¡feel¡¡that¡¡it¡¡
was¡¡rather¡¡a¡¡foolish¡¡story¡£¡¡She¡¡tried¡¡to¡¡tell¡¡it¡¡well£»¡¡but¡¡there¡¡were¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡it¡¡
which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡produced¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡touch¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡shamefacedness¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡have¡¡
referred¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡she¡¡came¡¡to¡¡the¡¡rhyme£»¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨O¡¡man¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sea£»¡¡come£»¡¡listen¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡For¡¡Alice£»¡¡my¡¡wife£»¡¡the¡¡plague¡¡
of¡¡my¡¡life£»¡¡Has¡¡sent¡¡me¡¡to¡¡beg¡¡a¡¡boon¡¡of¡¡thee£»¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡she¡¡said¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡rather¡¡¡¡rapidly¡£¡¡¡¡At¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡¡¡repetition¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡said¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡still¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡3¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Stories¡¡To¡¡Tell¡¡Children¡¡
rapidly£»¡¡the¡¡next¡¡time¡¡she¡¡came¡¡to¡¡the¡¡jingle¡¡she¡¡said¡¡it¡¡so¡¡fast¡¡and¡¡so¡¡low¡¡
that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡unintelligible£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡the¡¡next¡¡recurrence¡¡¡¡was¡¡too¡¡much¡¡for¡¡her¡£¡¡
With¡¡a¡¡blush¡¡and¡¡a¡¡hesitating¡¡smile¡¡she¡¡said£»¡¡¡¨And¡¡he¡¡said¡¡that¡¡same¡¡thing£»¡¡
you¡¡¡¡¡¡know£¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡¡¡¡¡course¡¡¡¡¡¡everybody¡¡¡¡¡¡laughed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡course¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡thread¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
interest¡¡and¡¡illusion¡¡was¡¡hopelessly¡¡broken¡¡for¡¡everybody¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Now£»¡¡any¡¡one¡¡who¡¡chanced¡¡to¡¡hear¡¡Miss¡¡Shedlock¡¡tell¡¡that¡¡same¡¡story¡¡
will¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡remember¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡absurd¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡rhyme¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡gave¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡opportunity¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡
expression£»¡¡in¡¡its¡¡very¡¡repetition£»¡¡each¡¡time¡¡that¡¡the¡¡fisherman¡¡came¡¡to¡¡the¡¡
water's¡¡edge¡¡his¡¡chagrin¡¡and¡¡unwillingness¡¡was¡¡greater£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡summons¡¡
to¡¡the¡¡magic¡¡fish¡¡mirrored¡¡his¡¡feeling¡£¡¡The¡¡jingle¡¡IS¡¡foolish£»¡¡that¡¡is¡¡a¡¡part¡¡
of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡charm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡person¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡tells¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡FEELS¡¡¡¡¡¡foolish£»¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡
charm¡¡at¡¡all£¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡the¡¡same¡¡principle¡¡which¡¡applies¡¡to¡¡any¡¡address¡¡to¡¡any¡¡
assemblage£º¡¡if¡¡the¡¡speaker¡¡has¡¡the¡¡air¡¡of¡¡finding¡¡what¡¡he¡¡has¡¡to¡¡say¡¡absurd¡¡
or¡¡unworthy¡¡of¡¡effort£»¡¡the¡¡audience¡¡naturally¡¡tends¡¡to¡¡follow¡¡his¡¡lead£»¡¡and¡¡
find¡¡it¡¡not¡¡worth¡¡listening¡¡to¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Let¡¡me¡¡urge£»¡¡then£»¡¡take¡¡your¡¡story¡¡seriously¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Next£»¡¡¡¨take¡¡your¡¡time¡£¡¨¡¡This¡¡suggestion¡¡needs¡¡explaining£»¡¡perhaps¡£¡¡It¡¡
does¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡mean¡¡¡¡¡¡license¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡dawdle¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Nothing¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡much¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡annoying¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
speaker¡¡than¡¡too¡¡great¡¡deliberateness£»¡¡or¡¡than¡¡hesitation¡¡of¡¡speech¡£¡¡But¡¡it¡¡
means¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡quiet¡¡¡¡¡¡realization¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡fact¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡floor¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡yours£»¡¡¡¡¡¡everybody¡¡
wants¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡hear¡¡¡¡¡¡you£»¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡enough¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡point¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡shade¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
meaning¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡think¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡story¡¡¡¡¡¡too¡¡¡¡¡¡long¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡mental¡¡¡¡¡¡attitude¡¡
must¡¡underlie¡¡proper¡¡control¡¡of¡¡speed¡£¡¡Never¡¡hurry¡£¡¡A¡¡business¡like¡¡leisure¡¡
is¡¡the¡¡true¡¡attitude¡¡of¡¡the¡¡storyteller¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡the¡¡result¡¡is¡¡best¡¡attained¡¡by¡¡concentrating¡¡one's¡¡attention¡¡on¡¡the¡¡
episodes¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡story¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Pass¡¡¡¡¡¡lightly£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡comparatively¡¡¡¡¡¡swiftly£»¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
portions¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡actual¡¡¡¡¡¡episodes£»¡¡¡¡but¡¡take¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡need¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
elaboration¡¡of¡¡those¡£¡¡And¡¡above¡¡all£»¡¡do¡¡not¡¡FEEL¡¡hurried¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡next¡¡suggestion¡¡is¡¡eminently¡¡plain¡¡and¡¡practical£»¡¡if¡¡not¡¡an¡¡all¡¡too¡¡
obvious¡¡one¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡this£º¡¡if¡¡all¡¡your¡¡preparation¡¡and¡¡confidence¡¡fails¡¡you¡¡at¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡crucial¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡moment£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡memory¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡plays¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡part¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡traitor¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡some¡¡
particular£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡if£»¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡short£»¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡blunder¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡detail¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡story£»¡¡¡¡¡¡NEVER¡¡
ADMIT¡¡IT¡£¡¡If¡¡it¡¡was¡¡an¡¡unimportant¡¡detail¡¡which¡¡you¡¡misstated£»¡¡pass¡¡right¡¡
on£»¡¡accepting¡¡whatever¡¡you¡¡said£»¡¡and¡¡continuing¡¡with¡¡it£»¡¡if¡¡you¡¡have¡¡been¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡4¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Stories¡¡To¡¡Tell¡¡Children¡¡
so¡¡unfortunate¡¡as¡¡to¡¡omit¡¡a¡¡fact¡¡which¡¡was¡¡a¡¡necessary¡¡link¡¡in¡¡the¡¡chain£»¡¡
put¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡in£»¡¡¡¡later£»¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡skillfully¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡can£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡deceptive¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡
appearance¡¡of¡¡its¡¡being¡¡in¡¡the¡¡intended¡¡order£»¡¡but¡¡never¡¡take¡¡the¡¡children¡¡
behind¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡scenes£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡let¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡hear¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡creaking¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡mental¡¡
machinery¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡infallible¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡secret¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡
mystery£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡admit¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡audience¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡somewhat¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡unequal¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡terms£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡
should¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡creeping¡¡¡¡¡¡doubts¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡complete¡¡¡¡¡¡initiation¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
secrets¡¡of¡¡the¡¡happenings¡¡you¡¡relate¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Plainly£»¡¡there¡¡can¡¡be¡¡lapses¡¡of¡¡memory¡¡so¡¡complete£»¡¡so¡¡all¡embracing£»¡¡
that¡¡frank¡¡failure¡¡is¡¡the¡¡only¡¡outcome£»¡¡but¡¡these¡¡are¡¡so¡¡few¡¡as¡¡not¡¡to¡¡need¡¡
consideration£»¡¡when¡¡dealing¡¡with¡¡so¡¡simple¡¡material¡¡as¡¡that¡¡of¡¡children's¡¡
stories¡£¡¡There¡¡are¡¡times£»¡¡too£»¡¡before¡¡an¡¡adult¡¡audience£»¡¡when¡¡a¡¡speaker¡¡can¡¡
afford¡¡to¡¡let¡¡his¡¡hearers¡¡be¡¡amused¡¡with¡¡him¡¡over¡¡a¡¡chance¡¡mistake¡£¡¡But¡¡
with¡¡children¡¡it¡¡is¡¡most¡¡unwise¡¡to¡¡break¡¡the¡¡spell¡¡of¡¡the¡¡entertainment¡¡in¡¡
that¡¡way¡£¡¡Consider£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡matter¡¡of¡¡a¡¡detail¡¡of¡¡action¡¡or¡¡description£»¡¡how¡¡
absolutely¡¡unimportant¡¡the¡¡mere¡¡accuracy¡¡is£»¡¡compared¡¡with¡¡the¡¡effect¡¡of¡¡
smoothness¡¡and¡¡the¡¡enjoyment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡hearers¡£¡¡They¡¡will¡¡not¡¡remember¡¡the¡¡
detail£»¡¡for¡¡good¡¡or¡¡evil£»¡¡half¡¡so¡¡long¡¡as¡¡they¡¡will¡¡remember¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡
you¡¡did¡¡not¡¡know¡¡it¡£¡¡So£»¡¡for¡¡their¡¡sakes£»¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡for¡¡the¡¡success¡¡of¡¡your¡¡
story£»¡¡cover¡¡your¡¡slips¡¡of¡¡memory£»¡¡and¡¡let¡¡them¡¡be¡¡as¡¡if¡¡they¡¡were¡¡not¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡now¡¡I¡¡come¡¡to¡¡two¡¡points¡¡in¡¡method¡¡which¡¡have¡¡to¡¡do¡¡especially¡¡
with¡¡humorous¡¡stories¡£¡¡The¡¡first¡¡is¡¡the¡¡power¡¡of¡¡initiating¡¡the¡¡appreciation¡¡
of¡¡the¡¡joke¡£¡¡Every¡¡natural¡¡humorist¡¡does¡¡this¡¡by¡¡instinct¡¡and¡¡the¡¡value¡¡of¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡power¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡story¡teller¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡hardly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡overestimated¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡To¡¡¡¡¡¡initiate¡¡
appreciation¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡does¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡mean¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡necessarily¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡gives¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡mirth£»¡¡
though¡¡even¡¡that¡¡is¡¡sometimes¡¡natural¡¡and¡¡effective£»¡¡one¡¡merely¡¡feels¡¡the¡¡
approach¡¡of¡¡the¡¡humorous¡¡climax£»¡¡and¡¡subtly¡¡suggests¡¡to¡¡the¡¡hearers¡¡that¡¡it¡¡
will¡¡soon¡¡be¡¡¡¨time¡¡to¡¡laugh¡£¡¨¡¡The¡¡suggestion¡¡usually¡¡comes¡¡in¡¡the¡¡form¡¡of¡¡
facial¡¡expression£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡the¡¡tone¡£¡¡And¡¡children¡¡are¡¡so¡¡much¡¡simpler£»¡¡and¡¡
so¡¡¡¡¡¡much¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡accustomed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡following¡¡¡¡¡¡another's¡¡¡¡¡¡lead¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡elders£»¡¡
that¡¡the¡¡expression¡¡can¡¡be¡¡much¡¡more¡¡outright¡¡and¡¡unguarded¡¡than¡¡would¡¡
be¡¡permissible¡¡with¡¡a¡¡mature¡¡audience¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Children¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡feel¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡joke¡¡¡¡¡¡coming£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡way£»¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡love¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
anticipation¡¡of¡¡a¡¡laugh£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡will¡¡begin¡¡to¡¡dimple£»¡¡often£»¡¡at¡¡your¡¡first¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡5¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Stories¡¡To¡¡Tell¡¡Children¡¡
unconscious¡¡¡¡¡¡suggestion¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡humor¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡lacking£»¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡sometimes¡¡
afraid¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡follow¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡own¡¡¡¡¡¡instincts¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Especially¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡facing¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡
audience¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡grown¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡children¡¡¡¡¡¡together£»¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡find¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
latter¡¡are¡¡very¡¡hesitant¡¡about¡¡initiating¡¡their¡¡own¡¡expression¡¡of¡¡humor¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡
more¡¡¡¡¡¡difficult¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡make¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡forget¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡surroundings¡¡¡¡¡¡then£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡
desirable¡¡to¡¡give¡¡them¡¡a¡¡happy¡¡lead¡£¡¡Often¡¡at¡¡the¡¡funniest¡¡point¡¡you¡¡will¡¡
see¡¡some¡¡small¡¡listener¡¡in¡¡an¡¡agony¡¡of¡¡endeavor¡¡to¡¡cloak¡¡the¡¡mirth¡¡which¡¡
hepoor¡¡mite¡¡fears¡¡to¡¡be¡¡indecorous¡£¡¡Let¡¡him¡¡see¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡¡¨the¡¡thing¡¨¡¡to¡¡
laugh£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡everybody¡¡is¡¡going¡¡to¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Having¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡stimulated¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡appreciation¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡humorous¡¡¡¡¡¡climax£»¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡
important¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡give¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡hearers¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡full¡¡¡¡savor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡jest¡¡¡¡to¡¡
permeate¡¡their¡¡consciousness¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡really¡¡robbing¡¡an¡¡audience¡¡of¡¡its¡¡rights£»¡¡
to¡¡pass¡¡so¡¡quickly¡¡from¡¡one¡¡point¡¡to¡¡another¡¡that¡¡the¡¡mind¡¡must¡¡lose¡¡a¡¡new¡¡
one¡¡if¡¡it¡¡lingers¡¡to¡¡take¡¡in¡¡the¡¡old¡£¡¡Every¡¡vital¡¡point¡¡in¡¡a¡¡tale¡¡must¡¡be¡¡given¡¡
a¡¡certain¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡time£º¡¡by¡¡an¡¡anticipatory¡¡pause£»¡¡by¡¡some¡¡form¡¡of¡¡vocal¡¡
or¡¡repetitive¡¡emphasis£»¡¡and¡¡by¡¡actual¡¡time¡£¡¡But¡¡even¡¡more¡¡than¡¡other¡¡tales¡¡
does¡¡the¡¡funny¡¡story¡¡demand¡¡this¡£¡¡It¡¡cannot¡¡be¡¡funny¡¡without¡¡it¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Every¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡familiar¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡theatre¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡noticed¡¡¡¡¡¡how¡¡
careful¡¡all¡¡comedians¡¡are¡¡to¡¡give¡¡this¡¡pause¡¡for¡¡appreciation¡¡and¡¡laughter¡£¡¡
Often¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡opportunity¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡crudely¡¡¡¡given£»¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡too¡¡liberally¡¡¡¡offered£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡that¡¡
offends¡£¡¡But¡¡in¡¡a¡¡reasonable¡¡degree¡¡the¡¡practice¡¡is¡¡undoubtedly¡¡necessary¡¡
to¡¡any¡¡form¡¡of¡¡humorous¡¡expression¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡remarkably¡¡good¡¡example¡¡of¡¡the¡¡type¡¡of¡¡humorous¡¡story¡¡to¡¡which¡¡
these¡¡principles¡¡of¡¡method¡¡apply£»¡¡is¡¡the¡¡story¡¡of¡¡¡¨Epaminondas¡£¡¨¡¡It¡¡will¡¡be¡¡
plain¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡reader¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡several¡¡¡¡¡¡funny¡¡¡¡¡¡crises¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡perfectly¡¡
unmistakable¡¡sort¡¡children¡¡like£»¡¡and¡¡that£»¡¡moreover£»¡¡these¡¡funny¡¡spots¡¡are¡¡
not¡¡only¡¡easy¡¡to¡¡see£»¡¡they¡¡are¡¡easy¡¡to¡¡foresee¡£¡¡The¡¡teller¡¡can¡¡hardly¡¡help¡¡
sharing¡¡the¡¡joke¡¡in¡¡advance£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡tale¡¡is¡¡an¡¡excellent¡¡one¡¡with¡¡which¡¡to¡¡
practice¡¡for¡¡power¡¡in¡¡the¡¡points¡¡mentioned¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Epaminondas¡¡is¡¡a¡¡valuable¡¡little¡¡rascal¡¡from¡¡other¡¡points¡¡of¡¡view£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡
mean¡¡to¡¡return¡¡to¡¡him£»¡¡to¡¡point¡¡a¡¡moral¡£¡¡But¡¡just¡¡here¡¡I¡¡want¡¡space¡¡for¡¡a¡¡
word¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡