itinerary of archibishop-第11章

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t　in　this　world；　and　shalt　thereby　be　so　much　troubled；　that　thy　disquietude　shall　continue　to　thy　life's　end。〃　　The　king；　spurring　his　horse；　proceeded　a　little　way　towards　the　gate；　when；　stopping　suddenly；　he　ordered　his　attendants　to　call　the　good　man　back。　　The　soldier；　and　a　young　man　named　William；　the　only　persons　who　remained　with　the　king；　accordingly　called　him；　and　sought　him　in　vain　in　the　chapel；　and　in　all　the　inns　of　the　city。　　The　king；　vexed　that　he　had　not　spoken　more　to　him；　waited　alone　a　long　time；　while　other　persons　went　in　search　of　him；　and　when　he　could　not　be　found；　pursued　his　journey　over　the　bridge　of　Remni　to　Newport。　　The　fatal　prediction　came　to　pass　within　the　year；　as　the　man　had　threatened；　for　the　king's　three　sons；　Henry；　the　eldest；　and　his　brothers；　Richard　of　Poitou；　and　Geoffrey；　count　of　Britany；　in　the　following　Lent；　deserted　to　Louis　king　of　France；　which　caused　the　king　greater　uneasiness　than　he　had　ever　before　experienced；　and　which；　by　the　conduct　of　some　one　of　his　sons；　was　continued　till　the　time　of　his　decease。　　This　monarch；　through　divine　mercy　（for　God　is　more　desirous　of　the　conversion　than　the　destruction　of　a　sinner）；　received　many　other　admonitions　and　reproofs　about　this　time；　and　shortly　before　his　death；　all　of　which；　being　utterly　incorrigible；　he　obstinately　and　obdurately　despised；　as　will　be　more　fully　set　forth　（by　the　favour　of　God）　in　my　book；　〃de　Principis　Instructione。〃

Not　far　from　Caerdyf　is　a　small　island　situated　near　the　shore　of　the　Severn；　called　Barri；　from　St。　Baroc　｛84｝　who　formerly　lived　there；　and　whose　remains　are　deposited　in　a　chapel　overgrown　with　ivy；　having　been　transferred　to　a　coffin。　　From　hence　a　noble　family；　of　the　maritime　parts　of　South　Wales；　who　owned　this　island　and　the　adjoining　estates；　received　the　name　of　de　Barri。　　It　is　remarkable　that；　in　a　rock　near　the　entrance　of　the　island；　there　is　a　small　cavity；　to　which；　if　the　ear　is　applied；　a　noise　is　heard　like　that　of　smiths　at　work；　the　blowing　of　bellows；　strokes　of　hammers；　grinding　of　tools；　and　roaring　of　furnaces；　and　it　might　easily　be　imagined　that　such　noises；　which　are　continued　at　the　ebb　and　flow　of　the　tides；　were　occasioned　by　the　influx　of　the　sea　under　the　cavities　of　the　rocks。



CHAPTER　VII



The　see　of　Landaf　and　monastery　of　Margan；　and　the　remarkable　things　in　those　parts


On　the　following　morning；　the　business　of　the　cross　being　publicly　proclaimed　at　Landaf；　the　English　standing　on　one　side；　and　the　Welsh　on　the　other；　many　persons　of　each　nation　took　the　cross；　and　we　remained　there　that　night　with　William　bishop　of　that　place；　｛85｝　a　discreet　and　good　man。　　The　word　Landaf　｛86｝　signifies　the　church　situated　upon　the　river　Taf；　and　is　now　called　the　church　of　St。　Teileau；　formerly　bishop　of　that　see。　　The　archbishop　having　celebrated　mass　early　in　the　morning；　before　the　high　altar　of　the　cathedral；　we　immediately　pursued　our　journey　by　the　little　cell　of　Ewenith　｛87｝　to　the　noble　Cistercian　monastery　of　Margan。　｛88｝　　This　monastery；　under　the　direction　of　Conan；　a　learned　and　prudent　abbot；　was　at　this　time　more　celebrated　for　its　charitable　deeds　than　any　other　of　that　order　in　Wales。　　On　this　account；　it　is　an　undoubted　fact；　that；　as　a　reward　for　that　abundant　charity　which　the　monastery　had　always；　in　times　of　need；　exercised　towards　strangers　and　poor　persons；　in　a　season　of　approaching　famine；　their　corn　and　provisions　were　perceptibly；　by　divine　assistance；　increased；　like　the　widow's　cruise　of　oil　by　the　means　of　the　prophet　Elijah。　　About　the　time　of　its　foundation；　a　young　man　of　those　parts；　by　birth　a　Welshman；　having　claimed　and　endeavoured　to　apply　to　his　own　use　certain　lands　which　had　been　given　to　the　monastery；　by　the　instigation　of　the　devil　set　on　fire　the　best　barn　belonging　to　the　monks；　which　was　filled　with　corn；　but；　immediately　becoming　mad；　he　ran　about　the　country　in　a　distracted　state；　nor　ceased　raving　until　he　was　seized　by　his　parents　and　bound。　　Having　burst　his　bonds；　and　tired　out　his　keepers；　he　came　the　next　morning　to　the　gate　of　the　monastery；　incessantly　howling　out　that　he　was　inwardly　burnt　by　the　influence　of　the　monks；　and　thus　in　a　few　days　expired；　uttering　the　most　miserable　complaints。　　It　happened　also；　that　a　young　man　was　struck　by　another　in　the　guests'　hall；　but　on　the　following　day；　by　divine　vengeance；　the　aggressor　was；　in　the　presence　of　the　fraternity；　killed　by　an　enemy；　and　his　lifeless　body　was　laid　out　in　the　same　spot　in　the　hall　where　the　sacred　house　had　been　violated。　　In　our　time　too；　in　a　period　of　scarcity；　while　great　multitudes　of　poor　were　daily　crowding　before　the　gates　for　relief；　by　the　unanimous　consent　of　the　brethren；　a　ship　was　sent　to　Bristol　to　purchase　corn　for　charitable　purposes。　　The　vessel；　delayed　by　contrary　winds；　and　not　returning　（but　rather　affording　an　opportunity　for　the　miracle）；　on　the　very　day　when　there　would　have　been　a　total　deficiency　of　corn；　both　for　the　poor　and　the　convent；　a　field　near　the　monastery　was　found　suddenly　to　ripen；　more　than　a　month　before　the　usual　time　of　harvest：　　thus；　divine　Providence　supplied　the　brotherhood　and　the　numerous　poor　with　sufficient　nourishment　until　autumn。　　By　these　and　other　signs　of　virtues；　the　place　accepted　by　God　began　to　be　generally　esteemed　and　venerated。

It　came　to　pass　also　in　our　days；　during　the　period　when　the　four　sons　of　Caradoc　son　of　Iestin；　and　nephews　of　prince　Rhys　by　his　sister；　namely；　Morgan；　Meredyth；　Owen；　and　Cadwallon；　bore　rule　for　their　father　in　those　parts；　that　Cadwallon；　through　inveterate　malice；　slew　his　brother　Owen。　　But　divine　vengeance　soon　overtook　him；　for　on　his　making　a　hostile　attack　on　a　certain　castle；　he　was　crushed　to　pieces　by　the　sudden　fall　of　its　walls：　　and　thus；　in　the　presence　of　a　numerous　body　of　his　own　and　his　brother's　forces；　suffered　the　punishment　which　his　barbarous　and　unnatural　conduct　had　so　justly　merited。

Another　circumstance　which　happened　here　deserves　notice。　　A　greyhound　belonging　to　the　aforesaid　Owen；　large；　beautiful；　and　curiously　spotted　with　a　variety　of　colours；　received　seven　wounds　from　arrows　and　lances；　in　the　defence　of　his　master；　and　on　his　part　did　much　injury　to　the　enemy　and　assassins。　　When　his　wounds　were　healed；　he　was　sent　to　king　Henry　II。　by　William　earl　of　Gloucester；　in　testimony　of　so　great　and　extraordinary　a　deed。　　A　dog；　of　all　animals；　is　most　attached　to　man；　and　most　easily　distinguishes　him；　sometimes；　when　deprived　of　his　master；　he　refuses　to　live；　and　in　his　master's　defence　is　bold　enough　to　brave　death；　ready；　therefore；　to　die；　either　with　or　for　his　master。　　I　do　not　think　it　superfluous　to　insert　here　an　example　which　Suetonius　gives　in　his　book　on　the　nature　of　animals；　and　which　Ambrosius　also　relates　in　his　Exameron。　　〃A　man；　accompanied　by　a　dog；　was　killed　in　a　remote　part　of　the　city　of　Antioch；　by　a　soldier；　for　the　sake　of　plunder。　　The　murderer；　concealed　by　the　darkness　of　the　morning；　escaped　into　another　part　of　the　city；　the　corpse　lay　unburied；　a　large　concourse　of　people　assembled；　and　the　dog；　with　bitter　howlings；　lamented　his　master's　fate。　　The　murderer；　by　chance；　passed　that　way；　and；　in　order　to　prove　his　innocence；　mingled　with　the　crowd　of　spectators；　and；　as　if　moved　by　compassion；　approached　the　body　of　the　deceased。　　The　dog；　suspending　for　a　while　his　moans；　assumed　the　arms　of　revenge；　rushed　upon　the　man；　and　seized　him；　howling　at　the　same　time　in　so　dolorous　a　manner；　that　all　present　shed　tears。　　It　was　considered　as　a　proof　against　the　murderer；　that　the　dog　seized　him　from　amongst　so　many；　and　would　not　let　him　go；　and　especially；　as　neither　the　crime　of　hatred；　envy；　or　injury；　could　possibly；　in　this　case；　be　urged　against　the　dog。　　On　account；　therefore；　of　such　a　strong　suspicion　of　murder　（which　the　soldier　constantly　denied）；　it　was　determined　that　the　truth　of　the　matter　should　be　tried　by　combat。　　The　parties　being　assembled　in　a　field；　with　a　crowd　of　people　around；　the　dog　on　one　side；　and　the　soldier；　armed　with　a　stick　of　a　cubit's　length；　on　the　other；　the　murderer　was　at　length　overcome　by　the　victorious　dog；　and　suffered　an　ignominious　death　on　the　common　gallows。

Pliny　and　Solinus　relate　that　a　certain　king；　who　was　very　fond　of　dogs；　and　addicted　to　hunting；　was　taken　and　imprisoned　by　his　enemies；　and　in　a　most　wonderful　manner　liberated；　without　any　assistance　from　his　friends；　by　a　pack　of　dogs；　who　had　spontaneously　sequestered　themselves　in　the　mountainous　and　woody　regions；　and　from　thence　committed　many　atrocious　acts　of　depredation　on　the　neighbouring　herds　and　flocks。　　I　shall　take　this　opportunity　of　mentioning　what　from　experience　and　ocular　testimony　I　have　observed　respecting　the　nature　of　dogs。　　A　dog　is　in　general　sagacious；　but　particularly　with　respect　to　his　master；　for　when　he　has　for　some　time　lost　him　in　a　crowd；　he　depends　more　upon　his　nose　than　upon　his　eyes；　and；　in　endeavouring　to　find　him；　he　first　looks　about；　and　then　applies　his　nose；　for　greater　certainty；　to　his　clothes；　as　if　nature　had　placed　all　the　powers　of　infallibility　in　that　feature。　　The　tongue　of　a　dog　possesses　a　medicinal　quality；　the　wolf's；　on　the　contrary；　a　poisonous：　　the　dog　heals　his　wounds　by　licking　them；　the　wolf；　by　a　similar　practice；　infects　them；　and　the　dog；　if　he　has　received　a　wound　in　his　neck　or　head；　or　any　part　of　his　body　where　he　cannot　apply　his　tongue；　ingeniously　makes　use　of　his　hinder　foot　as　a　conveyance　of　the　healing　qualities　to　the　parts　affected。



CHAPTER　VIII



Passage　of　the　rivers　Avon　and　Neth　…　and　of　Abertawe　and　Goer


Continuing　our　journey；　｛89｝　not　far　from　Margan；　where　the　alternate　vicissitudes　of　a　sandy　shore　and　the　tide　commence；　we　forded　over　the　river　Avon；　having　been　considerably　delayed　by　the　ebbing　of　the　sea；　and　under　the　guidance　of　Morgan；　eldest　son　of　Caradoc；　proceeded　along　the　sea…shore　towards　the　river　Neth；　which；　on　account　of　its　quicksands；　is　the　most　dangerous　and　inaccessible　river　in　South　Wales。　　A　pack…horse　belonging　to　the　author；　which　had　proceeded　by　the　lower　way　near　the　sea；　although　in　the　midst　of　many　others；　was　the　only　one　which　sunk　down　into　the　abyss；　but　he　was　at　last；　with　great　difficulty；　extricated；　and　not　without　some　damage　done　to　the　baggage　and　books。　　Yet；　although　we　had　Morgan；　the　prince　of　that　country；　as　our　conductor；　we　did　not　reach　the　river　without　great　peril；　and　some　severe　falls；　for　the　alarm　occasioned　by　this　unusual　kind　of　road；　made　us　hasten　our　steps　over　the　quicksands；　in　opposition　to　the　advice　of　our　guide；　and　fear　quickened　our　pace；　whereas；　through　these　difficult　passages；　as　we　there　learned；　the　mode　of　proceeding　should　be　with　moderate　speed。　　But　as　the　fords　of　that　river　experience　a　change　by　every　monthly　tide；　and　cannot　be　found　after　violent　rains　and　floods；　we　did　not　attempt　the　ford；　but　passed　the　river　in　a　boat；　leaving　the　monastery　of　Neth　｛90｝　on　our　right　hand；　approaching　again　to　the　district　of　St。　David's；　and　leaving　the　diocese　of　Landaf　（which　we　had　entered　at　Abergevenny）　behind　us。

It　happened　in　our　days　that　David　II。；　bishop　of　St。　David's；　passing　this