5425-考研英语难句突破300句-第26章
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3。 Some have breathed sighs of relief;others;including churches;right…to…life groups and the Australian Medical Association;bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage。 But the tide is unlikely to turn back。
【译文】 一些人如释重负,另一些人,包括教会、生命权利组织以及澳大利亚医学会成员都对这一决议及其仓促的通过进行了猛烈抨击。但是这一潮流已经不可能逆转。
【析句】 第一句由两个表示对比的句子组成:Some have breathed… others… bitterly attacked…,其中others之后是介词词组(including churches, right…to…life groups and the Australian Medical Association),作others的同位语。 its passage中的its指代前面提到的the bill。第二句与第一句是转折关系。
【讲词】 tide本意是“潮水,潮汐”,句中的含义是“趋势,趋向”。turn the tide意为“使形势转变,改变局面”。We are going in the wrong direction and need the government to help turn the tide。(我们犯了方向性错误,我们需要政府改变这一形势。)
4。 In Australia—where an aging population;life…extending technology and changing munity attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia。
【译文】 在澳大利亚,出于人口老龄化、延长寿命技术和公众态度的变化等原因,其他的州也在考虑通过类似的法律来解决安乐死的问题。
【析句】 这个句子的主体结构是other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia。句首的In Australia是地点状语,后面跟了一个定语从句(where an aging population;lifeextending technology and changing munity attitudes have all played their part),进一步解释Australia的具体情况。
【讲词】 play a part意为“发挥或起到作用”。The US must play its part in abolishing tariffs or the earth summit will fail。(美国必须采取行动废除关税,否则地球峰会就将失败。)France is ready to play its part in enhancing India's nuclear status。(法国正准备尽力加强印度的核地位。)
5。 For Lloyd Nickson;a 54…year…old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer;the NT Rights of Terminally I’ll law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition。
【译文】 对于居住于达尔文现年54岁的肺癌患者利奥德·尼克森来说,这个法律意味着他可以平静地生活下去,无须整天惧怕即将来临的苦难:因呼吸困难而痛苦地死去。
【析句】 注意句子的主干是the NT Rights of Terminally I’ll law means,全句的宾语是he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering。 For Lloyd Nickson;a 54…year…old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer作句子的状语,其中a 54yearold Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer是 Lloyd Nickson的同位语。句末的a terrifying death from his breathing condition是his suffering的同位语。
【讲词】 haunt除了表示“闹鬼”之外,常用的词义有“困惑;经常光顾”。I was haunted by the idea that she might die any time。(我的心头老是想到她随时都会死去。)I was haunted by his last words to me。(他向我说的最后的话萦绕在我的心头。)This is the bar he used to haunt。(他过去常到这个酒吧来。)
正文1997 Passage 2
1997 Passage 2
6。 To be fair; this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians; and should best be considered North American。
【译文】 公平地讲,经常有人也这么说加拿大和加拿大人,因此这种现象最好被看作是一种北美现象。
【析句】 To be fair作全句的状语,主语是this observation,主语有两个谓语,一个是系动词is,一个是should best be considered。
【讲词】 observation意为“观察;观测”,也表示“看法,观点”。I’d like to introduce the national character of Italian through my observation at soccer stadiums。(我想介绍一下通过我在足球场所观察到的意大利的国民性格。)I stand by my observation on the educational system in the United States。(我坚持我对美国教育制度的看法。)
7。 Someone traveling alone;if hungry;injured;or ill;often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement。
【译文】 单独旅行时,如果挨饿、受伤或生病,通常只能向最近的小屋或村落求助。
【析句】 这是一个简单句。Someone是句子的主语,现在分词短语(traveling alone)是其定语;if hungry;injured;or ill实际上是简略的由if引导的状语从句,相当于 if(he was) hungry;injured;or ill,这里作插入成分。
【讲词】 turn to意为“转向;变成;求助于;致力于;开始行动”。If you quit dawdling and just turn to; the cleaning will be done in a day。(如果你停止闲逛,马上开始工作,清洁工作一天就能做完。)He had to turn to his family for financial assistance。(他只得找家人给他提供经济援助。)
8。 It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers。
【译文】 对旅行者来说,这不是一个选择的问题;而对当地居民来说,这也并非是一时的行善冲动。
【析句】 句子的主干结构是It was not a matter of choice… or merely a charitable impulse。注意表语由并列的两部分组成,由or来连接。
【讲词】 on the part of “在……方面,对……而言”。 This represents some sort of failure on the part of the government。(对于政府来说,这就是某种失败。)Nevertheless; this is not double standard on the part of people。(然而,对人民来说这不是双重标准。)
impulse表示“刺激;冲动;推动力”。Respect for the liberty of others is not a natural impulse in most men。(对大多数人来说,尊重他人的自由并不是一种自然的本能。)She bought the dress on impulse。(她一时冲动买了这件衣服。)
charitable意为“仁慈的;(为)慈善事业的;宽恕的”。A charitable organization can never inherit from the estate of an individual who passes on without a will。(一个慈善组织永远也不能接受未立遗嘱的人所捐赠的财产。)
9。 The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial; but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition。
【译文】 许多美国人随意表现出的友善不应该被看作是表面或虚假的应酬,而应看作是一种文化传统历史发展的结果。
【析句】 句子的主干结构是The casual friendliness should be interpreted。注意neither… nor… but结构的使用,这种结构表示“既不是……也不是……而是……”,重点在but之后。
【讲词】 casual意为“轻松的,随意的”。I only have a casual acquaintance with avant…garde music。(我对先锋派音乐略知一二。)He made a casual remark at the reception。(他在招待会上作了即席发言。)
superficial意为“肤浅的”。Only the most superficial mind would assert nowadays that man is a reasonable creature。(如今只有最简单的头脑才会断言人是有理智的动物。)The manager made only a few superficial changes in the feasibility plan。(经理只在可行性报告中做几处无关紧要的小改动。)
artificial意为“人工的;造作的;虚假的”。The policy no doubt set up artificial barriers against women and minorities。(这一政策无疑设置了歧视妇女和少数民族的人为障碍。)This brand of tinned beans contains no artificial colouring。(这种品牌的罐装青豆不含人造色素。)
10。 As is true of any developed society;in America a plex set of cultural signals;assumptions;and conventions underlies all social interrelationships。
【译文】 像其他发达国家一样,在美国,人际关系的背后是一系列复杂的文化符号、信念和习俗。
【析句】 句子的主干结构是a plex set of cultural signals;assumptions;and conventions underlies all social interrelationships。as在句中是代词,表示“这一情况,这一事实”。
【讲词】 as is是一个常见的表达方式。The night had turned cold;as is usual around here。(夜晚变得很冷,在这一带经常如此。)As is described in the picture;“love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places。”(如同画中所描绘的那样,“爱是一盏灯,在暗处更显明亮。”)
assumption意为“承担,担当;假定;设想”。His assumption of power was weled by everyone。(他掌权为大家所欢迎。)The hostess bustled about with an assumption of authority。(女主人摆出一副权威的样子忙来忙去。)
正文1997 Passage 3
1997 Passage 3
11。 The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine。
【译文】 他们常用“物质滥用”而不用“药物滥用”来清楚表明滥用酒精、烟草这样的物质如同滥用海洛因和可卡因一样有害。
【析句】 句子的主干是The phrase “substance abuse” is often used,不定式 (to make clear that…)作目的状语。that后面跟了一个宾语从句作动词(make clear)的宾语。
【讲词】 make clear意为“解释,说明”。I’ve made it clear that it simply is not true。(我已经清楚表明,这绝对不是真的。)The president made it clear what we would and would not do to resolve the situation。(总统表明为了解决问题,我们会做什么,不会做什么。)
12。 We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache;some wine to be sociable;coffee to get going in the morning;a cigarette for the nerves。
【译文】 我们生活在一个物质(药物)在医疗和社交方面使用都很广泛的社会里:用来缓解头痛的阿斯匹林,用来应酬的酒,早晨用来提神的咖啡,还有定神用的香烟。
【析句】 句子的主干就是We live in a society,后面是一个which引导的定语从句in which the medicinal and social use of substances(drugs) is pervasive,修饰 society。冒号后面的部分是并列关系的名词词组,用来举例说明前面提出的substances。
【讲词】 pervasive意为“普遍的”。They discussed the pervasive role of science;technology;and health in foreign policy。(他们讨论了科学、技术和卫生在外交政策中的普遍作用。)
sociable意为“友善的,好交际的,促进友谊的”。He was a sociable character who loved to discuss politics and sport at the local pub。(他是一个喜欢交际的人,喜爱在当地的酒吧里与人谈论政策和体育。)
get going意为“出发;实行;使开动”。I have to get going with my book。(我得看书了。或:我得写书了。)
13。 Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance; with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect; and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued。
【译文】 依赖的最初表现是不断增长的耐药量,要产生预期的效果需要的药剂量越来越大,而一旦中断使用就会出现难受的停药症状。
【析句】 句子的主干结构是Dependence is marked。句中状语较长,注意and连接的两个by开始的介词词组是并列关系。
【讲词】 dependence在句中的意思是“对药物的依赖”,withdrawal意为“停止用药”。
14。 Psychoactive substances are monly grouped according to whether they are stimulants; depressants; or hallucinogens。
【译文】 刺激神经类物质通常分为兴奋剂、镇静剂和幻觉剂。
【析句】 这是一个简单句。句子的主干部分是Psychoactive substances are… grouped according to…。whether引导宾语从句(whether they are stimulants; depressants; or hallucinogens)作介词according to的宾语。
【讲词】 group作动词表示“分类”。 This article describes how files are grouped when you view them in folders。(这篇文章介绍在你浏览文件夹中的文档时,文档是怎么分类的。)
正文1997 Passage 4
1997 Passage 4
15。 “Is this what you intended to acplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week。 “You have sold your souls;but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?”
【译文】 参议员罗