5425-考研英语难句突破300句-第8章
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3。 “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me;” says the author of a jobsearching guide。
【译文】 一位职位搜索指南的作者说:“我不会依赖代理在添加到数据库里的所有内容中逐一寻找可能令我感兴趣的东西。”
【析句】 在这个句子中,定语从句that is added to a database that might interest me修饰everything,其中定语从句that might interest me说明a database。再加上主句是一个否定句,因而整个句子就显得复杂了。如果如下改写一下,相信就容易理解了:I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database;but I would only try to find things that might interest me。
【讲词】 guide 作名词时意为“向导;指南;简介”,作动词时表示“带路;引导;指导;操纵;影响”。Martin guided him to the receptionroom。 (马丁将他领到接待室。)He guided the pany through the difficulties。 (他带领公司渡过了难关。)Our youth people must be guided against the use of drugs。 (应该引导我们的年轻人远离毒品。)
4。 When CareerSites agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service;for example;it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches。
【译文】 比如,当求职网(CareerSite)的代理向注册服务的用户发送信息时,它只提供三个它认为最可能匹配的岗位。
【析句】 该句子的主干是it includes only three potential jobs。When引导的是一个时间状语从句,在这个从句中又有一个定语从句who have signed up for its service,用来修饰those。破折号后的those it considers the best matches是potential jobs的同位语。for example是插入成分,说明这是一个例子。
【讲词】 sign up指签名申请。You have to sign up for the service。(你只有申请才能获得服务。)当然sign up有时就等于sign,例如:The record pany has signed up the girl。(唱片公司刚与那个姑娘签约。)
5。Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on pensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise。
【译文】 有些人利用它们(搜索代理)密切关注本行业的需求,或搜集有关补偿信息,为增薪谈判作好准备。
【析句】 该句的主干是Some use them。to keep a close watch… work和gather information… a raise是两个并列的不定式结构,在句子中做目的状语。第二个目的状语又含有一个表示目的的不定式短语 to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise。
【讲词】 keep watch等于watch。例如:Keep watch on the market tonight;as the central bank may announce its decision to raise the interest rate。(今晚关注市场的动向,因为中央银行可能会宣布调整利息。)
demand“要求;需求”。I think I have the right to demand for an explanation。(我认为我有权要求得到解释。)The demand for copper increased drastically in the second half of the year。(下半年对铜的需求有了大幅上涨。)
pensation主要含义是“补偿”,例如:Nothing can pensate the young mother for the loss of her favorite daughter。(年轻的妈妈丧失了自己心爱的女儿,这是任何东西也弥补不了的。
正文2004 Part A Text 2
2004 Part A Text 2
6。 This;for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage;refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet。
【译文】 对于尚未意识到其不利之处的人来说,它指的是对那些姓氏起头字母位于字母表后半部的人的歧视。
【析句】 句子的主干是this refers to discrimination。for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage是一个作状语的介词短语,unaware of such a disadvantage作those的定语。全句的宾语是discrimination+介词短语(against those),whose surnames…the alphabet是修饰those的定语从句。
【讲词】 refer作不及物动词意思是“参考,查询”。For further information; please refer to our website。(如需了解详情,请浏览我们的网站。)另一个常用的意思表示“提及,谈及”。He was referring to his experiences in Tibet。(他正谈及他在西藏的经历。)
discriminate(或discrimination)表示歧视常跟介词against。注意discriminate(或discrimination)的基本意思是“区别对待”,有时表示to be able to tell the difference(s)。You must in your writing discriminate between facts and opinions。或You must in your writing discriminate facts from opinions。(你在写作时应该分清事实和观点。)
7。 It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA Cars has a big advantage over Zodiac Cars when customers thumb through their phone directories。
【译文】 人们早已知道在客户翻阅电话簿时,名叫AAAA的出租汽车公司要比Zodiac出租汽车公司有更大的优势。
【析句】 It has long been known that…是一个固定句式,意思是“人们早就知道……”。其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是that从句。而从句本身又是一个复合句,主句是a taxi firm called AAAA Cars has a big advantage over Zodiac Cars,其中分词结构called AAAA cars 是后置定语,修饰firm。句末的when 引导一个时间状语从句。
【讲词】 advantage表示“优势,有利条件”,例如:It is to your advantage to invest wisely。(明智地投资对你很有利。)A better education gave us the advantage。(良好的教育使我们处于有利地位。)如果用于比较,advantage后面跟over。
thumb(拇指),在句中意为“用拇指翻书”。实际上,表示人体主要器官的英文单词都可以作动词,如head;eye;nose;hand;arm;foot等。如to arm oneself意为“把自己武装起来”。
8。 Thus the American president and vicepresident have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bushs predecessors(including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half。
【译文】 因而,美国总统和副总统的姓氏分别是以B和C字母起头。乔治·布什的前任有二十六位(包括其父)的姓氏均在字母表的前半部,而姓氏在字母表后半部的却仅有十六位。
【析句】 该句由两个单句组成。在第一个单句中,宾语surnames后接一个作定语的分词结构starting with B and C respectively。在第二个单句中,宾语紧跟的介词结构 in the first half of the alphabet作定语。against在此的意思是“与之相比”, against just 16 in the second half意思是against just 16 of George Bush spredecessors who had surnames in the second half of the alphabet。
【讲词】 predecessor(前任)的反义词是successor(继任)。应该记住两个的动词形式和形容词形式,分别是precede/succeed,preceding/succeeding。
9。 Can this merely be coincidence? One theory;dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged;is that the rot sets in early。
【译文】 这仅仅是巧合吗?按字母表顺序排名靠后的人在享受闲暇时光时凭空想出一种理论,认为这种倒霉事老早就开始了。
【析句】 问句之后的句子由于插入了一个过去分词引导的定语成分而显得复杂。 dreamt up… disadvantaged作定语,修饰theory。而在这个过去分词结构中又套了一个过去分词结构enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged,说明所谓的all the spare time。
【讲词】 coincidence表示“一致,巧合”,例如:What a coincidence that I was in Paris at the same time as you!(真巧,我在巴黎时你也正在那里!)
rot表示“腐烂”,既是动词也是名词。the rot sets in是成语,表示“事情节节失利”或“倒霉的事情不断发生”。
disadvantaged前面如加定冠词,则表示某一类人,the alphabetically disadvantaged指按字母顺序排列不利的人。按字母排列有时甚至会产生政治问题。据说日本就因为不愿看到朝鲜(韩国)按英语字母排序在前而把其英文名Corea改成Korea,这样就排在日本(Japan)的后面。阅读英文报章,我们会看到the economically dis/ advantaged以及the politically dis/advantaged。
10。 Shortlists for job interviews;election ballot papers;lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically;and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them。
【译文】 求职面试、选举投票、会议发言或参加会议等诸多名单,都是按字母表顺序排序的。当人们顺着名单费劲找人时兴趣也会变得索然了。
【析句】 该句由两个分句组成,第一个分句是all tend to be drawn up alphabetically,第二个分句是and their recipients… plough through them。冒号前的三个名词短语(Shortlists… speakers and attendees)是第一个分句主语all的同位语。在第二个分句中,as引导一个时间状语从句。
【讲词】 shortlist表示“候选名单”或“备选名单”。ballot表示“选票,投票”,既可作动词,也可作名词,与vote的意思和用法差不多,但它可以表示“投票的总数”。 a secret ballot(秘密投票)。
plough作名词意为“犁”,作动词表示“犁,耕;费力穿行”。plough through在句中意为对照名单费力寻找某个人的姓名。
正文2004 Part A Text 3
2004 Part A Text 3
11。 When it es to the slowing economy;Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet。 But the 47year old manicurist isn’t cutting;filling or polishing as many nails as she’d like to;either。
【译文】 谈到经济增长减缓时,艾琳·斯派罗还不至于咬指甲。但是,这位四十七岁的美甲师也不能如其所愿地修剪、锉磨、上油那么多的指甲了。
【析句】 第一个句子是一个主从复合句,主句是Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet,从句是When it es to the slowing economy。第二个句子和第一个句子以 but分开,表明二者之间是转折关系。
【讲词】 bite one’s nails(咬指甲)是一种焦虑不安的表现,可以表示“束手无策”。
as(when) it es to意为“谈到,说到,提到”,类似的词组还有speaking(talking) of。Speak of the devil and he es。(说曹操,曹操到。)
12。 “I’m a good economic indicator;” she says;“I provide a service that people can do without when they’re concerned about saving some dollars。”
【译文】 她说:“我是个不错的经济晴雨表。在人们操心攒钱的时候,我提供的服务就变成可有可无了。”
【析句】 本句比较简单,但是必须了解do without这个词组的含意。do without意为“免除,不用”,或者“没有……也可以;在没有某物的情况下设法完成”,例如:There was no television on the island;but we soon learned to do without。(岛上没有电视,可不久我们就适应了。)
【讲词】 concern作名词时表示“关心,关切”,作动词时表示“关心,涉及”。Your health is of great concern to me。(我非常关心你的健康。)This concerns the healthy growth of the children deeply。(这事对孩子们的健康成长关系极大。)要表达对什么事或什么人表示关心或关切,可以套用to be concerned with(about或for)这样的句型。例如:We’re rather concerned about the operation of the pany。(我们相当担心公司的运营。)
13。 Consumers seem only concerned;not panicked;and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s longterm prospects even as they do some modest belttightening。
【译文】 消费者似乎只是关切,并没有惊慌失措。许多人说,即使稍微勒紧腰带,但他们对于经济的长期前景还是乐观的。
【析句】 该句是一个并列句,and后面的分句比较复杂,主干为many say,后接宾语从句they remain… longterm prospects。even as引导一个让步状语从句。
【讲词】 panic指“惊慌,恐慌”,既可作名词,也可作动词。注意panic作动词时,其过去式或过去分词是panicked。When the theater caught fire;there was a panic。(剧院失火时,出现了一阵恐慌。)The crowd was seized with a panic;causing the deaths of dozens of people。(人群惊慌失措,导致数十人死亡。)
optimistic(乐观的),optimist(乐观的人,乐天派),optimism(乐观,乐观主义)。相应的反义词是pessimistic(悲观的),pessimist(悲观的人,悲观派),pessimism(悲观,悲观主义)。
prospect意为“景色;前景;前途;期望”,有时与future(前途,未来)同义。例如:I am sure that the young man will have a promising prospect ahead in his life。(我相信那个年轻人会有美好的未来。)I see no prospect of his recovery。(我看不出他有痊愈的可能性。)