hesiod, the homeric hymns, and homerica-第40章

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Fragment　#2　　Pausanias；　ix。　5。10：　Judging　by　Homer　I　do　not　believe　that　Oedipus　had　children　by　Iocasta：　his　sons　were　born　of　Euryganeia　as　the　writer　of　the　Epic　called　the　〃Story　of　Oedipus〃　clearly　shows。


Fragment　#3　　Scholiast　on　Euripides　Phoen。；　1750：　The　authors　of　the　〃Story　of　Oedipus〃　（say）　of　the　Sphinx：　‘But　furthermore　（she　killed）　noble　Haemon；　the　dear　son　of　blameless　Creon；　the　comeliest　and　loveliest　of　boys。'



THE　THEBAID　（fragments）

Fragment　#1　　Contest　of　Homer　and　Hesiod：　Homer　travelled　about　reciting　his　epics；　first　the　〃Thebaid〃；　in　seven　thousand　verses；　which　begins：　‘Sing；　goddess；　of　parched　Argos；　whence　lords。。。'


Fragment　#2　　Athenaeus；　xi。　465　E：　‘Then　the　heaven…born　hero；　golden…haired　Polyneices；　first　set　beside　Oedipus　a　rich　table　of　silver　which　once　belonged　to　Cadmus　the　divinely　wise：　next　he　filled　a　fine　golden　cup　with　sweet　wine。　　But　when　Oedipus　perceived　these　treasures　of　his　father；　great　misery　fell　on　his　heart；　and　he　straight…way　called　down　bitter　curses　there　in　the　presence　of　both　his　sons。

And　the　avenging　Fury　of　the　gods　failed　not　to　hear　him　as　he　prayed　that　they　might　never　divide　their　father's　goods　in　loving　brotherhood；　but　that　war　and　fighting　might　be　ever　the　portion　of　them　both。'


Fragment　#3　　Laurentian　Scholiast　on　Sophocles；　O。C。　1375：　‘And　when　Oedipus　noticed　the　haunch　（1）　he　threw　it　on　the　ground　and　said：　〃Oh！　　Oh！　　my　sons　have　sent　this　mocking　me。。。〃

So　he　prayed　to　Zeus　the　king　and　the　other　deathless　gods　that　each　might　fall　by　his　brother's　hand　and　go　down　into　the　house　of　Hades。'


Fragment　#4　　Pausanias；　viii。　25。8：　Adrastus　fled　from　Thebes　‘wearing　miserable　garments；　and　took　black…maned　Areion　（2）　with　him。'


Fragment　#5　　Pindar；　Ol。　vi。　15：　（3）　‘But　when　the　seven　dead　had　received　their　last　rites　in　Thebes；　the　Son　of　Talaus　lamented　and　spoke　thus　among　them：　〃Woe　is　me；　for　I　miss　the　bright　eye　of　my　host；　a　good　seer　and　a　stout　spearman　alike。〃'


Fragment　#6　　Apollodorus；　i。　74：　Oeneus　married　Periboea　the　daughter　of　Hipponous。　　The　author　of　the　〃Thebais〃　says　that　when　Olenus　had　been　stormed；　Oeneus　received　her　as　a　prize。


Fragment　#7　　Pausanias；　ix。　18。6：　Near　the　spring　is　the　tomb　of　Asphodicus。　　This　Asphodicus　killed　Parthenopaeus　the　son　of　Talaus　in　the　battle　against　the　Argives；　as　the　Thebans　say；　though　that　part　of　the　〃Thebais〃　which　tells　of　the　death　of　Parthenopaeus　says　that　it　was　Periclymenus　who　killed　him。


ENDNOTES：

（1）　　The　haunch　was　regarded　as　a　dishonourable　portion。　（2）　　The　horse　of　Adrastus；　offspring　of　Poseidon　and　Demeter；　　　　　　who　had　charged　herself　into　a　mare　to　escape　Poseidon。　（3）　　Restored　from　Pindar　Ol。　vi。　15　who；　according　to　　　　　　Asclepiades；　derives　the　passage　from　the　〃Thebais〃。



THE　EPIGONI　（fragments）

Fragment　#1　　Contest　of　Homer　and　Hesiod：　Next　（Homer　composed）　the　〃Epigoni〃　in　seven　thousand　verses；　beginning；　‘And　now；　Muses；　let　us　begin　to　sing　of　younger　men。'


Fragment　#2　　Photius；　Lexicon：　Teumesia。　　Those　who　have　written　on　Theban　affairs　have　given　a　full　account　of　the　Teumesian　fox。　（1）　　They　relate　that　the　creature　was　sent　by　the　gods　to　punish　the　descendants　of　Cadmus；　and　that　the　Thebans　therefore　excluded　those　of　the　house　of　Cadmus　from　kingship。　　But　（they　say）　a　certain　Cephalus；　the　son　of　Deion；　an　Athenian；　who　owned　a　hound　which　no　beast　ever　escaped；　had　accidentally　killed　his　wife　Procris；　and　being　purified　of　the　homicide　by　the　Cadmeans；　hunted　the　fox　with　his　hound；　and　when　they　had　overtaken　it　both　hound　and　fox　were　turned　into　stones　near　Teumessus。　　These　writers　have　taken　the　story　from　the　Epic　Cycle。


Fragment　#3　　Scholiast　on　Apollonius　Rhodius；　Arg。　i。　308：　The　authors　of　the　〃Thebais〃　say　that　Manto　the　daughter　of　Teiresias　was　sent　to　Delphi　by　the　Epigoni　as　a　first　fruit　of　their　spoil；　and　that　in　accordance　with　an　oracle　of　Apollo　she　went　out　and　met　Rhacius；　the　son　of　Lebes；　a　Mycenaean　by　race。　　This　man　she　married　　for　the　oracle　also　contained　the　command　that　she　should　marry　whomsoever　she　might　meet　　and　coming　to　Colophon；　was　there　much　cast　down　and　wept　over　the　destruction　of　her　country。


ENDNOTES：

（1）　　So　called　from　Teumessus；　a　hill　in　Boeotia。　　For　the　　　　　　derivation　of　Teumessus　cp。　Antimachus　〃Thebais〃　fr。　3　　　　　　（Kinkel）。



THE　CYPRIA　（fragments）

Fragment　#1　　Proclus；　Chrestomathia；　i：　This　（1）　is　continued　by　the　epic　called　〃Cypria〃　which　is　current　is　eleven　books。　　Its　contents　are　as　follows。

Zeus　plans　with　Themis　to　bring　about　the　Trojan　war。　　Strife　arrives　while　the　gods　are　feasting　at　the　marriage　of　Peleus　and　starts　a　dispute　between　Hera；　Athena；　and　Aphrodite　as　to　which　of　them　is　fairest。　　The　three　are　led　by　Hermes　at　the　command　of　Zeus　to　Alexandrus　（2）　on　Mount　Ida　for　his　decision；　and　Alexandrus；　lured　by　his　promised　marriage　with　Helen；　decides　in　favour　of　Aphrodite。

Then　Alexandrus　builds　his　ships　at　Aphrodite's　suggestion；　and　Helenus　foretells　the　future　to　him；　and　Aphrodite　order　Aeneas　to　sail　with　him；　while　Cassandra　prophesies　as　to　what　will　happen　afterwards。　　Alexandrus　next　lands　in　Lacedaemon　and　is　entertained　by　the　sons　of　Tyndareus；　and　afterwards　by　Menelaus　in　Sparta；　where　in　the　course　of　a　feast　he　gives　gifts　to　Helen。

After　this；　Menelaus　sets　sail　for　Crete；　ordering　Helen　to　furnish　the　guests　with　all　they　require　until　they　depart。　　Meanwhile；　Aphrodite　brings　Helen　and　Alexandrus　together；　and　they；　after　their　union；　put　very　great　treasures　on　board　and　sail　away　by　night。　　Hera　stirs　up　a　storm　against　them　and　they　are　carried　to　Sidon；　where　Alexandrus　takes　the　city。　　From　there　he　sailed　to　Troy　and　celebrated　his　marriage　with　Helen。

In　the　meantime　Castor　and　Polydeuces；　while　stealing　the　cattle　of　Idas　and　Lynceus；　were　caught　in　the　act；　and　Castor　was　killed　by　Idas；　and　Lynceus　and　Idas　by　Polydeuces。　　Zeus　gave　them　immortality　every　other　day。

Iris　next　informs　Menelaus　of　what　has　happened　at　his　home。　　Menelaus　returns　and　plans　an　expedition　against　Ilium　with　his　brother；　and　then　goes　on　to　Nestor。　　Nestor　in　a　digression　tells　him　how　Epopeus　was　utterly　destroyed　after　seducing　the　daughter　of　Lycus；　and　the　story　of　Oedipus；　the　madness　of　Heracles；　and　the　story　of　Theseus　and　Ariadne。　　Then　they　travel　over　Hellas　and　gather　the　leaders；　detecting　Odysseus　when　he　pretends　to　be　mad；　not　wishing　to　join　the　expedition；　by　seizing　his　son　Telemachus　for　punishment　at　the　suggestion　of　Palamedes。

All　the　leaders　then　meet　together　at　Aulis　and　sacrifice。　　The　incident　of　the　serpent　and　the　sparrows　（2）　takes　place　before　them；　and　Calchas　foretells　what　is　going　to　befall。　　After　this；　they　put　out　to　sea；　and　reach　Teuthrania　and　sack　it；　taking　it　for　Ilium。　　Telephus　comes　out　to　the　rescue　and　kills　　Thersander　and　son　of　Polyneices；　and　is　himself　wounded　by　Achilles。　　As　they　put　out　from　Mysia　a　storm　comes　on　them　and　scatters　them；　and　Achilles　first　puts　in　at　Scyros　and　married　Deidameia；　the　daughter　of　Lycomedes；　and　then　heals　Telephus；　who　had　been　led　by　an　oracle　to　go　to　Argos；　so　that　he　might　be　their　guide　on　the　voyage　to　Ilium。

When　the　expedition　had　mustered　a　second　time　at　Aulis；　Agamemnon；　while　at　the　chase；　shot　a　stag　and　boasted　that　he　surpassed　even　Artemis。　　At　this　the　goddess　was　so　angry　that　she　sent　stormy　winds　and　prevented　them　from　sailing。　　Calchas　then　told　them　of　the　anger　of　the　goddess　and　bade　them　sacrifice　Iphigeneia　to　Artemis。　　This　they　attempt　to　do；　sending　to　fetch　Iphigeneia　as　though　for　marriage　with　Achilles。

Artemis；　however；　snatched　her　away　and　transported　her　to　the　Tauri；　making　her　immortal；　and　putting　a　stag　in　place　of　the　girl　upon　the　altar。

Next　they　sail　as　far　as　Tenedos：　and　while　they　are　feasting；　Philoctetes　is　bitten　by　a　snake　and　is　left　behind　in　Lemnos　because　of　the　stench　of　his　sore。　　Here；　too；　Achilles　quarrels　with　Agamemnon　because　he　is　invited　late。　　Then　the　Greeks　tried　to　land　at　Ilium；　but　the　Trojans　prevent　them；　and　Protesilaus　is　killed　by　Hector。　　Achilles　then　kills　Cycnus；　the　son　of　Poseidon；　and　drives　the　Trojans　back。　　The　Greeks　take　up　their　dead　and　send　envoys　to　the　Trojans　demanding　the　surrender　of　Helen　and　the　treasure　with　her。　　The　Trojans　refusing；　they　first　assault　the　city；　and　then　go　out　and　lay　waste　the　country　and　cities　round　about。　　After　this；　Achilles　desires　to　see　Helen；　and　Aphrodite　and　Thetis　contrive　a　meeting　between　them。　　The　Achaeans　next　desire　to　return　home；　but　are　restrained　by　Achilles；　who　afterwards　drives　off　the　cattle　of　Aeneas；　and　sacks　Lyrnessus　and　Pedasus　and　many　of　the　neighbouring　cities；　and　kills　Troilus。　　Patroclus　carries　away　Lycaon　to　Lemnos　and　sells　him　as　a　slave；　and　out　of　the　spoils　Achilles　receives　Briseis　as　a　prize；　and　Agamemnon　Chryseis。　　Then　follows　the　death　of　Palamedes；　the　plan　of　Zeus　to　relieve　the　Trojans　by　detaching　Achilles　from　the　Hellenic　confederacy；　and　a　catalogue　of　the　Trojan　allies。


Fragment　#2　　Tzetzes；　Chil。　xiii。　638：　Stasinus　composed　the　〃Cypria〃　which　the　more　part　say　was　Homer's　work　and　by　him　given　to　Stasinus　as　a　dowry　with　money　besides。


Fragment　#3　　Scholiast　on　Homer；　Il。　i。　5：　‘There　was　a　time　when　the　countless　tribes　of　men；　though　wide…　dispersed；　oppressed　the　surface　of　the　deep…bosomed　earth；　and　Zeus　saw　it　and　had　pity　and　in　his　wise　heart　resolved　to　relieve　the　all…nurturing　earth　of　men　by　causing　the　great　struggle　of　the　Ilian　war；　that　the　load　of　death　might　empty　the　world。　　And　so　the　heroes　were　slain　in　Troy；　and　the　plan　of　Zeus　came　to　pass。'


Fragment　#4　　Volumina　Herculan；　II。　viii。　105：　The　author　of　the　〃Cypria〃　says　that　Thetis；　to　please　Hera；　avoided　union　with　Zeus；　at　which　he　was　enraged　and　swore　that　she　should　be　the　wife　of　a　mortal。


Fragment　#5　　Scholiast　on　Homer；　Il。　xvii。　140：　For　at　the　marriage　of　Peleus　and　Thetis；　the　gods　gathered　together　on　Pelion　to　feast　and　brought　Peleus　gifts。　　Cheiron　gave　him　a　stout　ashen　shaft　which　he　had　cut　for　a　spear；　and　Athena；　it　is　said；　polished　it；　and　Hephaestus　fitted　it　with　a　head。　　The　story　is　given　by　the　author　of　the　〃Cypria〃。


Fragment　#6　　Athenaeus；　xv。　682　D；　F：　The　author　of　the　〃Cypria〃；　whether　Hegesias　or　Stasinus；　mentions　flowers　used　for　garlands。　　The　poet；　whoever　he　was；　writes　as　follows　in　his　first　book：

（ll。　1…7）　‘She　clothed　herself　with　garments　which　the　Graces　and　Hours　had　made　for　her　and　dyed　in　flowers　of　spring　　such　flowers　as　the　Seasons　wear　　in　crocus　and　hyacinth　and　flourishing　violet　and　the　rose's　lovely　bloom；　so　sweet　and　delicious；　and　heavenly　buds；　the　flowers　of　the　narcissus　and　lily。　　In　such　perfumed　garments　is　Aphrodite　clothed　at　all　seasons。

（（LACUNA））

（ll。　8…12）　Then　laughter…loving　Aphrodite　and　her　handmaidens　wove　sweet…smelling　crowns　of　flowers　of　the　earth　and　put　them　upon　their　heads　　the　bright…coiffed　goddesses；　the　Nymphs　and　Graces；　and　golden　Aphrodite　too；　while　they　sang　sweetly　on　the　mount　of　many…fountained　Ida。'


Fragment　#7　　Clement　of　Alexandria；　Protrept　ii。　30。　5：　‘Castor　was　mortal；　and　the　f