the bhagavad-gita(巴哥维得·吉它)-第12章
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The Bhagavad…Gita； translated
〃Thus much； to…day；〃 they say； 〃we gained！ thereby Such and such wish of
heart shall have its fill； And this is ours！ and th' other shall be ours！ To…day
we slew a foe； and we will slay Our other enemy to…morrow！ Look！ Are
we not lords？ Make we not goodly cheer？ Is not our fortune famous； brave；
and great？ Rich are we； proudly born！ What other men Live like to us？
Kill； then； for sacrifice！ Cast largesse； and be merry！〃 So they speak
Darkened by ignorance； and so they fall Tossed to and fro with projects；
tricked； and bound In net of black delusion； lost in lusts Down to foul
Naraka。 Conceited； fond； Stubborn and proud； dead…drunken with the wine
Of wealth； and reckless； all their offerings Have but a show of reverence；
being not made In piety of ancient faith。 Thus vowed To self…hood； force；
insolence； feasting； wrath； These My blasphemers； in the forms they wear
And in the forms they breed； my foemen are； Hateful and hating； cruel；
evil； vile； Lowest and least of men； whom I cast down Again； and yet
again； at end of lives； Into some devilish womb； whencebirth by birth
The devilish wombs re…spawn them； all beguiled； And； till they find and
worship Me； sweet Prince！ Tread they that Nether Road。
The Doors of Hell Are threefold； whereby men to ruin pass； The door
of Lust； the door of Wrath； the door Of Avarice。 Let a man shun those
three！ He who shall turn aside from entering All those three gates of Narak；
wendeth straight To find his peace； and comes to Swarga's gate。
。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。
。＇FN#33＇
HERE ENDETHCHAPTER XVI。 OF THE BHAGAVAD…GITA；
Entitled 〃Daivasarasaupadwibhagayog；〃 Or 〃The Book of the
Separateness of the Divine and Undivine。〃
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The Bhagavad…Gita； translated
CHAPTER XVII
Arjuna。 If men forsake the holy ordinance； Heedless of Shastras； yet
keep faith at heart And worship； what shall be the state of those； Great
Krishna！ Sattwan； Rajas； Tamas？ Say！
Krishna。 Threefold the faith is of mankind and springs From those
three qualities；becoming 〃true；〃 Or 〃passion…stained；〃 or 〃dark；〃 as thou
shalt hear！
The faith of each believer； Indian Prince！ Conforms itself to what he
truly is。 Where thou shalt see a worshipper； that one To what he worships
lives assimilate； ＇Such as the shrine； so is the votary；＇ The 〃soothfast〃
souls adore true gods； the souls Obeying Rajas worship Rakshasas＇FN#34＇
Or Yakshas； and the men of Darkness pray To Pretas and to
Bhutas。＇FN#35＇ Yea； and those Who practise bitter penance； not
enjoined By rightful rulepenance which hath its root In self…sufficient；
proud hypocrisies Those men； passion…beset； violent； wild； Torturing
the witless onesMy elements Shut in fair company within their flesh；
（Nay； Me myself； present within the flesh！） Know them to devils devoted；
not to Heaven！ For like as foods are threefold for mankind In nourishing；
so is there threefold way Of worship； abstinence； and almsgiving！ Hear
this of Me！ there is a food which brings Force； substance； strength； and
health； and joy to live； Being well…seasoned； cordial； comforting； The
〃Soothfast〃 meat。 And there be foods which bring Aches and unrests； and
burning blood； and grief； Being too biting； heating； salt； and sharp； And
therefore craved by too strong appetite。 And there is foul foodkept from
over…night；＇FN#36＇ Savourless； filthy； which the foul will eat； A feast of
rottenness； meet for the lips Of such as love the 〃Darkness。〃
Thus with rites； A sacrifice not for rewardment made； Offered in
rightful wise； when he who vows Sayeth； with heart devout； 〃This I should
do！〃 Is 〃Soothfast〃 rite。 But sacrifice for gain； Offered for good repute； be
sure that this； O Best of Bharatas！ is Rajas…rite； With stamp of 〃passion。〃
And a sacrifice Offered against the laws； with no due dole Of food…giving；
with no accompaniment Of hallowed hymn； nor largesse to the priests； In
faithless celebration； call it vile； The deed of 〃Darkness！〃lost！
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The Bhagavad…Gita； translated
Worship of gods Meriting worship； lowly reverence Of Twice…borns；
Teachers； Elders； Purity； Rectitude； and the Brahmacharya's vow； And not
to injure any helpless thing； These make a true religiousness of Act。
Words causing no man woe； words ever true； Gentle and pleasing
words； and those ye say In murmured reading of a Sacred Writ； These
make the true religiousness of Speech。
Serenity of soul； benignity； Sway of the silent Spirit； constant stress To
sanctify the Nature；these things make Good rite； and true religiousness
of Mind。
Such threefold faith； in highest piety Kept； with no hope of gain； by
hearts devote； Is perfect work of Sattwan； true belief。
Religion shown in act of proud display To win good entertainment；
worship； fame； Suchsay Iis of Rajas； rash and vain。
Religion followed by a witless will To torture self； or come at power to
hurt Another；'tis of Tamas； dark and ill。
The gift lovingly given； when one shall say 〃Now must I gladly give！〃
when he who takes Can render nothing back； made in due place； Due time；
and to a meet recipient； Is gift of Sattwan； fair and profitable。
The gift selfishly given； where to receive Is hoped again； or when
some end is sought； Or where the gift is proffered with a grudge； This is of
Rajas； stained with impulse； ill。
The gift churlishly flung； at evil time； In wrongful place； to base
recipient； Made in disdain or harsh unkindliness； Is gift of Tamas； dark； it
doth not bless！＇FN#37＇
HERE ENDETHCHAPTER XVII。 OF THE BHAGAVAD…GITA；
Entitled 〃Sraddhatrayavibhagayog；〃 Or 〃The Book of Religion by the
Threefold Kinds of Faith。〃
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The Bhagavad…Gita； translated
CHAPTER XVIII
Arjuna。 Fain would I better know； Thou Glorious One！ The very truth…
…Heart's Lord！of Sannyas； Abstention； and enunciation； Lord！ Tyaga；
and what separates these twain！
Krishna。 The poets rightly teach that Sannyas Is the foregoing of all
acts which spring Out of desire； and their wisest say Tyaga is renouncing
fruit of acts。
There be among the saints some who have held All action sinful； and
to be renounced； And some who answer； 〃Nay！ the goodly acts As
worship； penance； almsmust be performed！〃 Hear now My sentence；
Best of Bharatas！
'Tis well set forth； O Chaser of thy Foes！ Renunciation is of threefold
form； And Worship； Penance； Alms； not to be stayed； Nay； to be gladly
done； for all those three Are purifying waters for true souls！
Yet must be practised even those high works In yielding up attachment；
and all fruit Produced by works。 This is My judgment； Prince！ This My
insuperable and fixed decree！
Abstaining from a work by right prescribed Never is meet！ So to
abstain doth spring From 〃Darkness；〃 and Delusion teacheth it。 Abstaining
from a work grievous to flesh； When one saith 〃'Tisunpleasing！〃 this is
null！ Such an one acts from 〃passion；〃 nought of gain Wins his
Renunciation！ But； Arjun！ Abstaining from attachment to the work；
Abstaining from rewardment in the work； While yet one doeth it full
faithfully； Saying； 〃Tis right to do！〃 that is 〃true 〃 act And abstinence！
Who doeth duties so； Unvexed if his work fail； if it succeed Unflattered； in
his own heart justified； Quit of debates and doubts； his is 〃true〃 act： For；
being in the body； none may stand Wholly aloof from act； yet； who
abstains From profit of his acts is abstinent。
The fruit of labours； in the lives to come； Is threefold for all men；
Desirable； And Undesirable； and mixed of both； But no fruit is at all where
no work was。
Hear from me； Long…armed Lord！ the makings five Which go to every
act； in Sankhya taught As necessary。 First the force； and then The agent；
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The Bhagavad…Gita； translated
next； the various instruments； Fourth； the especial effort； fifth； the God。
What work soever any mortal doth Of body； mind； or speech； evil or good；
By these five doth he that。 Which being thus； Whoso； for lack of
knowledge； seeth himself As the sole actor； knoweth nought at all And
seeth nought。 Therefore； I say； if one Holding aloof from selfwith
unstained mind Should slay all yonder host； being bid to slay； He doth not
slay； he is not bound thereby！
Knowledge； the thing known； and the mind which knows； These make
the threefold starting…ground of act。 The act； the actor； and the instrument；
These make the threefold total of the deed。 But knowledge； agent； act； are
differenced By three dividing qualities。 Hear now Which be the qualities
dividing them。
There is 〃true〃 Knowledge。 Learn thou it is this： To see one changeless
Life in all the Lives； And in the Separate； One Inseparable。 There is
imperfect Knowledge： that which sees The separate existences apart； And；
being separated； holds them real。 There is false Knowledge： that which
blindly clings To one as if 'twere all； seeking no Cause； Deprived of light；
narrow； and dull； and 〃dark。〃
There is 〃right〃 Action： that which being enjoined Is wrought
without attachment； passionlessly； For duty； not for love； nor hate； nor gain。
There is 〃vain〃 Action： that which men pursue Aching to satisfy desires；
im
