the bhagavad-gita(巴哥维得·吉它)-第13章
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There is 〃vain〃 Action： that which men pursue Aching to satisfy desires；
impelled By sense of self； with all…absorbing stress： This is of Rajas
passionate and vain。 There is 〃dark〃 Action： when one doth a thing
Heedless of issues； heedless of the hurt Or wrong for others； heedless if he
harm His own soul'tis of Tamas； black and bad！
There is the 〃rightful〃doer。 He who acts Free from self…seeking；
humble； resolute； Steadfast； in good or evil hap the same； Content to do
aright…he 〃truly〃 acts。 There is th' 〃impassioned〃 doer。 He that works From
impulse； seeking profit； rude and bold To overcome； unchastened； slave by
turns Of sorrow and of joy： of Rajas he！ And there be evil doers； loose of
heart； Low…minded； stubborn； fraudulent； remiss； Dull； slow； despondent
children of the 〃dark。〃
Hear； too； of Intellect and Steadfastness The threefold separation；
Conqueror…Prince！ How these are set apart by Qualities。
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Good is the Intellect which comprehends The coming forth and going
back of life； What must be done； and what must not be done； What should
be feared； and what should not be feared； What binds and what
emancipates the soul： That is of Sattwan； Prince！ of 〃soothfastness。〃
Marred is the Intellect which； knowing right And knowing wrong； and
what is well to do And what must not be done； yet understands Nought
with firm mind； nor as the calm truth is： This is of Rajas； Prince！ and
〃passionate！〃 Evil is Intellect which； wrapped in gloom； Looks upon
wrong as right； and sees all things Contrariwise of Truth。 O Pritha's Son！
That is of Tamas； 〃dark〃 and desperate！
Good is the steadfastness whereby a man Masters his beats of heart；
his very breath Of life； the action of his senses； fixed In never…shaken faith
and piety： That is of Sattwan； Prince！ 〃soothfast〃 and fair！ Stained is the
steadfastness whereby a man Holds to his duty； purpose； effort； end； For
life's sake； and the love of goods to gain； Arjuna！ 'tis of Rajas； passion…
stamped！ Sad is the steadfastness wherewith the fool Cleaves to his sloth；
his sorrow； and his fears； His folly and despair。 ThisPritha's Son！ Is
born of Tamas； 〃dark〃 and miserable！
Hear further； Chief of Bharatas！ from Me The threefold kinds of
Pleasure which there be。
Good Pleasure is the pleasure that endures； Banishing pain for aye；
bitter at first As poison to the soul； but afterward Sweet as the taste of
Amrit。 Drink of that！ It springeth in the Spirit's deep content。 And painful
Pleasure springeth from the bond Between the senses and the sense…world。
Sweet As Amrit is its first taste； but its last Bitter as poison。 'Tis of Rajas；
Prince！ And foul and 〃dark〃 the Pleasure is which springs From sloth and
sin and foolishness； at first And at the last； and all the way of life The soul
bewildering。 'Tis of Tamas； Prince！
For nothing lives on earth； nor 'midst the gods In utmost heaven； but
hath its being bound With these three Qualities； by Nature framed。
The work of Brahmans； Kshatriyas； Vaisyas； And Sudras； O thou
Slayer of thy Foes！ Is fixed by reason of the Qualities Planted in each：
A Brahman's virtues； Prince！ Born of his nature； are serenity； Self…
mastery； religion； purity； Patience； uprightness； learning； and to know The
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truth of things which be。 A Kshatriya's pride； Born of his nature； lives in
valour； fire； Constancy； skilfulness； spirit in fight； And open…handedness
and noble mien； As of a lord of men。 A Vaisya's task； Born with his nature；
is to till the ground； Tend cattle； venture trade。 A Sudra's state； Suiting his
nature； is to minister。
Whoso performethdiligent； content The work allotted him； whate'er
it be； Lays hold of perfectness！ Hear how a man Findeth perfection； being
so content： He findeth it through worshipwrought by work Of Him that
is the Source of all which lives； Of HIM by Whom the universe was
stretched。
Better thine own work is； though done with fault； Than doing others'
work； ev'n excellently。 He shall not fall in sin who fronts the task Set him
by Nature's hand！ Let no man leave His natural duty； Prince！ though it
bear blame！ For every work hath blame； as every flame Is wrapped in
smoke！ Only that man attains Perfect surcease of work whose work was
wrought With mind unfettered； soul wholly subdued； Desires for ever dead；
results renounced。
Learn from me； Son of Kunti！ also this； How one； attaining perfect
peace； attains BRAHM； the supreme； the highest height of all！
Devotedwith a heart grown pure； restrained In lordly self…control；
forgoing wiles Of song and senses； freed from love and hate； Dwelling
'mid solitudes； in diet spare； With body； speech； and will tamed to obey；
Ever to holy meditation vowed； From passions liberate； quit of the Self； Of
arrogance； impatience； anger； pride； Freed from surroundings； quiet；
lacking nought Such an one grows to oneness with the BRAHM； Such
an one； growing one with BRAHM； serene； Sorrows no more； desires no
more； his soul； Equally loving all that lives； loves well Me； Who have
made them； and attains to Me。 By this same love and worship doth he
know Me as I am； how high and wonderful； And knowing； straightway
enters into Me。 And whatsoever deeds he doethfixed In Me； as in his
refugehe hath won For ever and for ever by My grace Th' Eternal Rest！
So win thou！ In thy thoughts Do all thou dost for Me！ Renounce for Me！
Sacrifice heart and mind and will to Me！ Live in the faith of Me！ In faith
of Me All dangers thou shalt vanquish； by My grace； But； trusting to
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thyself and heeding not； Thou can'st but perish！ If this day thou say'st；
Relying on thyself； 〃I will not fight！〃 Vain will the purpose prove！ thy
qualities Would spur thee to the war。 What thou dost shun； Misled by fair
illusions； thou wouldst seek Against thy will； when the task comes to thee
Waking the promptings in thy nature set。 There lives a Master in the hearts
of men Maketh their deeds； by subtle pullingstrings； Dance to what
tune HE will。 With all thy soul Trust Him； and take Him for thy succour；
Prince！ Soonly so； Arjuna！shalt thou gain By grace of Himthe
uttermost repose； The Eternal Place！
Thus hath been opened thee This Truth of Truths； the Mystery more
hid Than any secret mystery。 Meditate！ Andas thou wiltthen act！
Nay！ but once more Take My last word； My utmost meaning have！
Precious thou art to Me； right well…beloved！ Listen！ I tell thee for thy
comfort this。 Give Me thy heart！ adore Me！ serve Me！ cling In faith and
love and reverence to Me！ So shalt thou come to Me！ I promise true； For
thou art sweet to Me！
And let go those Rites and writ duties！ Fly to Me alone！ Make Me
thy single refuge！ I will free Thy soul from all its sins！ Be of good cheer！
＇Hide； the holy Krishna saith； This from him that hath no faith； Him
that worships not； nor seeks Wisdom's teaching when she speaks： Hide it
from all men who mock； But； wherever； 'mid the flock Of My lovers； one
shall teach This divinest； wisest； speech Teaching in the faith to bring
Truth to them； and offering Of all honour unto Me Unto Brahma cometh
he！ Nay； and nowhere shall ye find Any man of all mankind Doing dearer
deed for Me； Nor shall any dearer be In My earth。 Yea； furthermore；
Whoso reads this converse o'er； Held by Us upon the plain； Pondering
piously and fain； He hath paid Me sacrifice！ （Krishna speaketh in this
wise！） Yea； and whoso； full of faith； Heareth wisely what it saith； Heareth
meekly；when he dies； Surely shall his spirit rise To those regions where
the Blest； Free of flesh； in joyance rest。＇
Hath this been heard by thee； O Indian Prince！ With mind intent？ hath
all the ignorance Which bred thy troublevanished； My Arjun？
Arjuna。 Trouble and ignorance are gone！ the Light Hath come unto me；
by Thy favour； Lord！ Now am I fixed！ my doubt is fled away！ According
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to Thy word； so will I do！
Sanjaya。 Thus gathered I the gracious speech of Krishna； O my King！
Thus have I told； with heart a…thrill； this wise and wondrous thing By great
Vyasa's learning writ； how Krishna's self made known The Yoga； being
Yoga's Lord。 So is the high truth shown！ And aye； when I remember； O
Lord my King； again Arjuna and the God in talk； and all this holy strain；
Great is my gladness： when I muse that splendour； passing speech； Of Hari；
visible and plain； there is no tongue to reach My marvel and my love and
bliss。 O Archer…Prince！ all hail！ O Krishna； Lord of Yoga！ surely there
shall not fail Blessing； and victory； and power； for Thy most mighty sake；
Where this song comes of Arjun； and how with God he spake。
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HERE ENDS； WITHCHAPTER XVIII。； Entitled
〃Mokshasanyasayog；〃 Or 〃The Book of Religion by Deliverance and
Renunciation；〃 THE BHAGAVAD…GITA。
＇FN#1＇ Some repetitionary lines are here omitted。 ＇FN#2＇
Technical phrases of Vedic religion。 ＇FN#3＇ The whole of this passage is
highly involved and difficult to render。 ＇FN#4＇ I feel convinced
sankhyanan and yoginan must be transposed here in sense。 ＇FN#5＇ I am
doubtful of accuracy here。 ＇FN#6＇
