the antiquities of the jews-1-第127章

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had　slain　his　own　brother　Jesus　in　the　temple；　he　came　upon　the
Jews　immediately；　and　began　in　anger　to　say　to　them；〃　Have　you
had　the　impudence　to　perpetrate　a　murder　in　your　temple？〃　And　as
he　was　aiming　to　go　into　the　temple；　they　forbade　him　so　to　do；
but　he　said　to　them；〃　Am　not　I　purer　than　he　that　was　slain　in
the　temple？〃　And　when　he　had　said　these　words；　he　went　into　the
temple。　Accordingly；　Bagoses　made　use　of　this　pretense；　and
punished　the　Jews　seven　years　for　the　murder　of　Jesus。

2。　Now　when　John　had　departed　this　life；　his　son　Jaddua　succeeded
in　the　high　priesthood。　He　had　a　brother；　whose　name　was
Manasseh。　：Now　there　was　one　Sanballat；　who　was　sent　by　Darius；
the　last　king　＇of　Persia＇；　into　Samaria。　He　was　a　Cutheam　by
birth；　of　which　stock　were　the　Samaritans　also。　This　man　knew
that　the　city　Jerusalem　was　a　famous　city；　and　that　their　kings
had　given　a　great　deal　of　trouble　to　the　Assyrians；　and　the
people　of　Celesyria；　so　that　he　willingly　gave　his　daughter；
whose　name　was　Nicaso；　in　marriage　to　Manasseh；　as　thinking　this
alliance　by　marriage　would　be　a　pledge　and　security　that　the
nation　of　the　Jews　should　continue　their　good…will　to　him。

CHAPTER　8。

Concerning　Sanballat　And　Manasseh；　And　The　Temple　Which　They
Built　On　Mount　Gerizzim；　As　Also　How　Alexander　Made　His　Entry
Into　The　City　Jerusalem；　And　What　Benefits　He　Bestowed　On　The
Jews。

1。　About　this　time　it　was　that　Philip；　king　of　Macedon；　was
treacherously　assaulted　and　slain　at　Egae　by　Pausanias；　the　son
of　Cerastes；　who　was　derived　from　the　family　of　Oreste；　and　his
son　Alexander　succeeded　him　in　the　kingdom；　who；　passing　over　the
Hellespont；　overcame　the　generals　of　Darius's　army　in　a　battle
fought　at　Granicum。　So　he　marched　over　Lydia；　and　subdued　Ionia；
and　overran　Caria；　and　fell　upon　the　places　of　Pamphylia；　as　has
been　related　elsewhere。

2。　But　the　elders　of　Jerusalem　being　very　uneasy　that　the　brother
of　Jaddua　the　high　priest；　though　married　to　a　foreigner；　should
be　a　partner　with　him　in　the　high　priesthood；　quarreled　with　him；
for　they　esteemed　this　man's　marriage　a　step　to　such　as　should　be
desirous　of　transgressing　about　the　marriage　of　＇strange＇　wives；
and　that　this　would　be　the　beginning　of　a　mutual　society　with
foreigners；　although　the　offense　of　some　about　marriages；　and
their　having　married　wives　that　were　not　of　their　own　country；
had　been　an　occasion　of　their　former　captivity；　and　of　the
miseries　they　then　underwent；　so　they　commanded　Manasseh　to
divorce　his　wife；　or　not　to　approach　the　altar；　the　high　priest
himself　joining　with　the　people　in　their　indignation　against　his
brother；　and　driving　him　away　from　the　altar。　Whereupon　Manasseh
came　to　his　father…in…law；　Sanballat；　and　told　him；　that　although
he　loved　his　daughter　Nicaso；　yet　was　he　not　willing　to　be
deprived　of　his　sacerdotal　dignity　on　her　account；　which　was　the
principal　dignity　in　their　nation；　and　always　continued　in　the
same　family。　And　then　Sanballat　promised　him　not　only　to　preserve
to　him　the　honor　of　his　priesthood；　but　to　procure　for　him　the
power　and　dignity　of　a　high　priest；　and　would　make　him　governor
of　all　the　places　he　himself　now　ruled；　if　he　would　keep　his
daughter　for　his　wife。　He　also　told　him　further；　that　he　would
build　him　a　temple　like　that　at　Jerusalem；　upon　Mount　Gerizzini；
which　is　the　highest　of　all　the　mountains　that　are　in　Samaria；
and　he　promised　that　he　would　do　this　with　the　approbation　of
Darius　the　king。　Manasseh　was　elevated　with　these　promises；　and
staid　with　Sanballat；　upon　a　supposal　that　he　should　gain　a　high
priesthood；　as　bestowed　on　him　by　Darius；　for　it　happened　that
Sanballat　was　then　in　years。　But　there　was　now　a　great
disturbance　among　the　people　of　Jerusalem；　because　many　of　those
priests　and　Levites　were　entangled　in　such　matches；　for　they　all
revolted　to　Manasseh；　and　Sanballat　afforded　them　money；　and
divided　among　them　land　for　tillage；　and　habitations　also；　and
all　this　in　order　every　way　to　gratify　his　son…in…law。

3。　About　this　time　it　was　that　Darius　heard　how　Alexander　had
passed　over　the　Hellespont；　and　had　beaten　his　lieutenants　in　the
battle　at　Granicum；　and　was　proceeding　further；　whereupon　he
gathered　together　an　army　of　horse　and　foot；　and　determined　that
he　would　meet　the　Macedonians　before　they　should　assault　and
conquer　all　Asia。　So　he　passed　over　the　river　Euphrates；　and　came
over　Taurus；　the　Cilician　mountain；　and　at　Issus　of　Cilicia　he
waited　for　the　enemy；　as　ready　there　to　give　him　battle。　Upon
which　Sanballat　was　glad　that　Darius　was　come　down；　and　told
Manasseh　that　he　would　suddenly　perform　his　promises　to　him；　and
this　as　soon　as　ever　Darius　should　come　back；　after　he　had　beaten
his　enemies；　for　not　he　only；　but　all　those　that　were　in　Asia
also；　were　persuaded　that　the　Macedonians　would　not　so　much　as
come　to　a　battle　with　the　Persians；　on　account　of　their
multitude。　But　the　event　proved　otherwise　than　they　expected；　for
the　king　joined　battle　with　the　Macedonians；　and　was　beaten；　and
lost　a　great　part　of　his　army。　His　mother　also；　and　his　wife　and
children；　were　taken　captives；　and　he　fled　into　Persia。　So
Alexander　came　into　Syria；　and　took　Damascus；　and　when　he　had
obtained　Sidon；　he　besieged　Tyre；　when　he　sent　all　epistle　to　the
Jewish　high　priest；　to　send　him　some　auxiliaries；　and　to　supply
his　army　with　provisions；　and　that　what　presents　he　formerly　sent
to　Darius；　he　would　now　send　to　him；　and　choose　the　friendship　of
the　Macedonians；　and　that　he　should　never　repent　of　so　doing。　But
the　high　priest　answered　the　messengers；　that　he　had　given　his
oath　to　Darius　not　to　bear　arms　against　him；　and　he　said　that　he
would　not　transgress　this　while　Darius　was　in　the　land　of　the
living。　Upon　hearing　this　answer；　Alexander　was　very　angry；　and
though　he　determined　not　to　leave　Tyre；　which　was　just　ready　to
be　taken；　yet　as　soon　as　he　had　taken　it；　he　threatened　that　he
would　make　an　expedition　against　the　Jewish　high　priest；　and
through　him　teach　all　men　to　whom　they　must　keep　their　oaths。　So
when　he　had；　with　a　good　deal　of　pains　during　the　siege；　taken
Tyre；　and　had　settled　its　affairs；　he　came　to　the　city　of　Gaza；
and　besieged　both　the　city　and　him　that　was　governor　of　the
garrison；　whose　name　was　Babemeses。

4。　But　Sanballat　thought　he　had　now　gotten　a　proper　opportunity
to　make　his　attempt；　so　he　renounced　Darius；　and　taking　with　him
seven　thousand　of　his　own　subjects；　he　came　to　Alexander；　and
finding　him　beginning　the　siege　of　Tyre；　he　said　to　him；　that　he
delivered　up　to　him　these　men；　who　came　out　of　places　under　his
dominion；　and　did　gladly　accept　of　him　for　his　lord　instead　of
Darius。　So　when　Alexander　had　received　him　kindly；　Sanballat
thereupon　took　courage；　and　spake　to　him　about　his　present
affair。　He　told　him　that　he　had　a　son…in…law；　Manasseh；　who　was
brother　to　the　high　priest　Jaddua；　and　that　there　were　many
others　of　his　own　nation；　now　with　him；　that　were　desirous　to
have　a　temple　in　the　places　subject　to　him；　that　it　would　be　for
the　king's　advantage　to　have　the　strength　of　the　Jews　divided
into　two　parts；　lest　when　the　nation　is　of　one　mind；　and　united；
upon　any　attempt　for　innovation；　it　prove　troublesome　to　kings；
as　it　had　formerly　proved　to　the　kings　of　Assyria。　Whereupon
Alexander　gave　Sanballat　leave　so　to　do；　who　used　the　utmost
diligence；　and　built　the　temple；　and　made　Manasseh　the　priest；
and　deemed　it　a　great　reward　that　his　daughter's　children　should
have　that　dignity；　but　when　the　seven　months　of　the　siege　of　Tyre
were　over；　and　the　two　months　of　the　siege　of　Gaza；　Sanballat
died。　Now　Alexander；　when　he　had　taken　Gaza；　made　haste　to　go　up
to　Jerusalem；　and　Jaddua　the　high　priest；　when　he　heard　that；　was
in　an　agony；　and　under　terror；　as　not　knowing　how　he　should　meet
the　Macedonians；　since　the　king　was　displeased　at　his　foregoing
disobedience。　He　therefore　ordained　that　the　people　should　make
supplications；　and　should　join　with　him　in　offering　sacrifice　to
God；　whom　he　besought　to　protect　that　nation；　and　to　deliver　them
from　the　perils　that　were　coming　upon　them；　whereupon　God　warned
him　in　a　dream；　which　came　upon　him　after　he　had　offered
sacrifice；　that　he　should　take　courage；　and　adorn　the　city；　and
open　the　gates；　that　the　rest　should　appear　in　white　garments；
but　that　he　and　the　priests　should　meet　the　king　in　the　habits
proper　to　their　order；　without　the　dread　of　any　ill　consequences；
which　the　providence　of　God　would　prevent。　Upon　which；　when　he
rose　from　his　sleep；　he　greatly　rejoiced；　and　declared　to　all　the
warning　he　had　received　from　God。　According　to　which　dream　he
acted　entirely；　and　so　waited　for　the　coming　of　the　king。

5。　And　when　he　understood　that　he　was　not　far　from　the　city；　he
went　out　in　procession；　with　the　priests　and　the　multitude　of　the
citizens。　The　procession　was　venerable；　and　the　manner　of　it
different　from　that　of　other　nations。　It　reached　to　a　place
called　Sapha；　which　name；　translated　into　Greek；　signifies　a
prospect；　for　you　have　thence　a　prospect　both　of　Jerusalem　and　of
the　temple。　And　when　the　Phoenicians　and　the　Chaldeans　that
followed　him　thought　they　should　have　liberty　to　plunder　the
city；　and　torment　the　high　priest　to　death；　which　the　king's
displeasure　fairly　promised　them；　the　very　reverse　of　it
happened；　for　Alexander；　when　he　saw　the　multitude　at　a　distance；
in　white　garments；　while　the　priests　stood　clothed　with　fine
linen；　and　the　high　priest　in　purple　and　scarlet　clothing；　with
his　mitre　on　his　head；　having　the　golden　plate　whereon　the　name
of　God　was　engraved；　he　approached　by　himself；　and　adored　that
name；　and　first　saluted　the　high　priest。　The　Jews　also　did　all
together；　with　one　voice；　salute　Alexander；　and　encompass　him
about；　whereupon　the　kings　of　Syria　and　the　rest　were　surprised
at　what　Alexander　had　done；　and　supposed　him　disordered　in　his
mind。　However；　Parmenio　alone　went　up　to　him；　and　asked　him　how
it　came　to　pass　that；　when　all　others　adored　him；　he　should　adore
the　high　priest　of　the　Jews？　To　whom　he　replied；　〃I　did　not　adore
him；　but　that　God　who　hath　honored　him　with　his　high　priesthood；
for　I　saw　this　very　person　in　a　dream；　in　this　very　habit；　when　I
was　at　Dios　in　Macedonia；　who；　when　I　was　considering　with　myself
how　I　might　obtain　the　dominion　of　Asia；　exhorted　me　to　make　no
delay；　but　boldly　to　pass　over　the　sea　thither；　for　that　he　would
conduct　my　army；　and　would　give　me　the　dominion　over　the
Persians；　whence　it　is　that；　having　seen　no　other　in　that　habit；
and　now　seeing　this　person　in　it；　and　remembering　that　vision；
and　the　exhortation　which　I　had　in　my　dream；　I　believe　that　I
bring　this　army　under　the　Divine　conduct；　and　shall　therewith
conquer　Darius；　and　destroy　the　power　of　the　Persians；　and　that
all　things　will　succeed　according　to　what　is　in　my　own　mind。〃　And
when　he　had　said　this　to　Parmenio；　and　had　given　the　high　priest
his　right　hand；　the　priests　ran　along　by　him；　and　he　came　into
the　city。　And　when　he　went　up　into　the　temple；　he　offered
sacrifice　to　God；　according　to　the　high　priest's　direction；　and
magnificently　treated　both　the　high　priest　and　the　priests。　And
when　the　Book　of　Daniel　was　showed　him　（23）　wherein