the antiquities of the jews-1-第144章

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it。　But　when　Alexander　did　not　comply　with　his　demands；　he
perceived　that　it　was　he　himself　who　laid　the　design；　and　was
very　angry　at　him。　Alexander　had　also　formerly　been　on　very　ill
terms　with　the　people　of　Antioch；　for　they　had　suffered　very　much
by　his　means；　yet　did　Ammonius　at　length　undergo　the　punishment
his　insolent　crimes　had　deserved；　for　he　was　killed　in　an
opprobrious　manner；　like　a　woman；　while　he　endeavored　to　conceal
himself　in　a　feminine　habit；　as　we　have　elsewhere　related。

7。　Hereupon　Ptolemy　blamed　himself　for　having　given　his　daughter
in　marriage　to　Alexander；　and　for　the　league　he　had　made　with　him
to　assist　him　against　Demetrius；　so　he　dissolved　his　relation　to
him；　and　took　his　daughter　away　from　him；　and　immediately　sent　to
Demetrius；　and　offered　to　make　a　league　of　mutual　assistance　and
friendship　with　him；　and　agreed　with　him　to　give　him　his　daughter
in　marriage；　and　to　restore　him　to　the　principality　of　his
fathers。　Demetrius　was　well　pleased　with　this　embassage；　and
accepted　of　his　assistance；　and　of　the　marriage　of　his　daughter。
But　Ptolemy　had　still　one　more　hard　task　to　do；　and　that　was　to
persuade　the　people　of　Antioch　to　receive　Demetrius；　because　they
were　greatly　displeased　at　him；　on　account　of　the　injuries　his
father　Demetrius　had　done　them；　yet　did　he　bring　this　about；　for
as　the　people　of　Antioch　hated　Alexander　on　Ammonius's　account；
as　we　have　shown　already；　they　were　easily　prevailed　with　to　cast
him　out　of　Antioch；　who；　thus　expelled　out　of　Antioch；　came　into
Cilicia。　Ptolemy　came　then　to　Antioch；　and　was　made　king　by　its
inhabitants；　and　by　the　army；　so　that　he　was　forced　to　put　on　two
diadems；　the　one　of　Asia；　the　other　of　Egypt：　but　being　naturally
a　good　and　a　righteous　man；　and　not　desirous　of　what　belonged　to
others；　and　besides　these　dispositions；　being　also　a　wise　man　in
reasoning　about　futurities；　he　determined　to　avoid　the　envy　of
the　Romans；　so　he　called　the　people　of　Antioch　together　to　an
assembly；　and　persuaded　them　to　receive　Demetrius；　and　assured
them　that　he　would　not　be　mindful　of　what　they　did　to　his　father
in　case　he　should　he　now　obliged　by　them；　and　he　undertook　that
he　would　himself　be　a　good　monitor　and　governor　to　him；　and
promised　that　he　would　not　permit　him　to　attempt　any　bad　actions；
but　that；　for　his　own　part；　he　was　contented　with　the　kingdom　of
Egypt。　By　which　discourse　he　persuaded　the　people　of　Antioch　to
receive　Demetrius。

8。　But　now　Alexander　made　haste　with　a　numerous　and　great　army；
and　came　out　of　Cilicia　into　Syria；　and　burnt　the　country
belonging　to　Antioch；　and　pillaged　it；　whereupon　Ptolemy；　and　his
son…in…law　Demetrius；　brought　their　army　against　him；　（for　he　had
already　given　him　his　daughter　in　marriage；）　and　beat　Alexander；
and　put　him　to　flight；　and　accordingly　he　fled　into　Arabia。　Now
it　happened　in　the　time　of　the　battle　that　Ptolemy'　horse；　upon
hearing　the　noise　of　an　elephant；　cast　him　off　his　back；　and
threw　him　on　the　ground；　upon　the　sight　of　which　accident；　his
enemies　fell　upon　him；　and　gave　him　many　wounds　upon　his　head；
and　brought　him　into　danger　of　death；　for　when　his　guards　caught
him　up；　he　was　so　very　ill；　that　for　four　days'　time　he　was　not
able　either　to　understand　or　to　speak。　However；　Zabdiel；　a　prince
among　the　Arabians；　cut　off　Alexander's　head；　and　sent　it　to
Ptolemy；　who　recovering　of　his　wounds；　and　returning　to　his
understanding；　on　the　fifth　day；　heard　at　once　a　most　agreeable
hearing；　and　saw　a　most　agreeable　sight；　which　were　the　death　and
the　head　of　Alexander；　yet　a　little　after　this　his　joy　for　the
death　of　Alexander；　with　which　he　was　so　greatly　satisfied；　he
also　departed　this　life。　Now　Alexander；　who　was　called　Balas；
reigned　over　Asia　five　years；　as　we　have　elsewhere　related。

9。　But　when　Demetrius；　who　was　styled　Nicator；　（9）　had　taken　the
kingdom；　he　was　so　wicked　as　to　treat　Ptolemy's　soldiers　very
hardly；　neither　remembering　the　league　of　mutual　assistance　that
was　between　them；　nor　that　he　was　his　son…in…law　and　kinsman；　by
Cleopatra's　marriage　to　him；　so　the　soldiers　fled　from　his　wicked
treatment　to　Alexandria；　but　Demetrius　kept　his　elephants。　But
Jonathan　the　high　priest　levied　an　army　out　of　all　Judea；　and
attacked　the　citadel　at　Jerusalem；　and　besieged　it。　It　was　held
by　a　garrison　of　Macedonians；　and　by　some　of　those　wicked　men　who
had　deserted　the　customs　of　their　forefathers。　These　men　at　first
despised　the　attempts　of　Jonathan　for　taking　the　place；　as
depending　on　its　strength；　but　some　of　those　wicked　men　went　out
by　night；　and　came　to　Demetrius；　and　informed　him　that　the
citadel　was　besieged；　who　was　irritated　with　what　he　heard；　and
took　his　army；　and　came　from　Antioch；　against　Jonathan。　And　when
he　was　at　Antioch；　he　wrote　to　him；　and　commanded　him　to　come　to
him　quickly　to　Ptolemais：　upon　which　Jonathan　did　not　intermit
the　siege　of　the　citadel；　but　took　with　him　the　elders　of　the
people；　and　the　priests；　and　carried　with　him　gold；　and　silver；
and　garments；　and　a　great　number　of　presents　of　friendship；　and
came　to　Demetrius；　and　presented　him　with　them；　and　thereby
pacified　the　king's　anger。　So　he　was　honored　by　him；　and　received
from　him　the　confirmation　of　his　high　priesthood；　as　he　had
possessed　it　by　the　grants　of　the　kings　his　predecessors。　And
when　the　Jewish　deserters　accused　him；　Demetrius　was　so　far　from
giving　credit　to　them；　that　when　he　petitioned　him　that　he　would
demand　no　more　than　three　hundred　talents　for　the　tribute　of　all
Judea；　and　the　three　toparchies　of　Samaria；　and　Perea；　and
Galilee；　he　complied　with　the　proposal；　and　gave　him　a　letter
confirming　all　those　grants；　whose　contents　were　as　follows：
〃King　Demetrius　to　Jonathan　his　brother；　and　to　the　nation　of　the
Jews；　sendeth　greeting。　We　have　sent　you　a　copy　of　that　epistle
which　we　have　written　to　Lasthones　our　kinsman；　that　you　may　know
its　contents。　〃King　Demetrus　to　Lasthenes　our　father；　sendeth
greeting。　I　have　determined　to　return　thanks；　and　to　show　favor
to　the　nation　of　the　Jews；　which　hath　observed　the　rules　of
justice　in　our　concerns。　Accordingly；　I　remit　to　them　the　three
prefectures；　Apherims；　and　Lydda；　and　Ramatha；　which　have　been
added　to　Judea　out　of　Samaria；　with　their　appurtenances；　as　also
what　the　kings　my　predecessors　received　from　those　that　offered
sacrifices　in　Jerusalem；　and　what　are　due　from　the　fruits　of　the
earth；　and　of　the　trees；　and　what　else　belongs　to　us；　with　the
salt…pits；　and　the　crowns　that　used　to　be　presented　to　us。　Nor
shall　they　be　compelled　to　pay　any　of　those　taxes　from　this　time
to　all　futurity。　Take　care　therefore　that　a　copy　of　this　epistle
be　taken；　and　given　to　Jonathan；　and　be　set　up　in　an　eminent
place　of　their　holy　temple。'〃　And　these　were　the　contents　of　this
writing。　And　now　when　Demetrius　saw　that　there　was　peace　every
where；　and　that　there　was　no　danger；　nor　fear　of　war；　he
disbanded　the　greatest　part　of　his　army；　and　diminished　their
pay；　and　even　retained　in　pay　no　others　than　such　foreigners　as
came　up　with　him　from　Crete；　and　from　the　other　islands。　However；
this　procured　him　ill…will　and　hatred　from　the　soldiers；　on　whom
he　bestowed　nothing　from　this　time；　while　the　kings　before　him
used　to　pay　them　in　time　of　peace　as　they　did　before；　that　they
might　have　their　good…will；　and　that　they　might　be　very　ready　to
undergo　the　difficulties　of　war；　if　any　occasion　should　require
it。

CHAPTER　5。

How　Trypho　After　He　Had　Beaten　Demetrius　Delivered　The　Kingdom　To
Antiochus　The　Son　Of　Alexander；　And　Gained　Jonathan　For　His
Assistant；　And　Concerning　The　Actions　And　Embassies　Of　Jonathan。

1。　Now　there　was　a　certain　commander　of　Alexander's　forces；　an
Apanemian　by　birth；　whose　name　was　Diodotus；　and　was　also　called
Trypho；　took　notice　the　ill…will　of　the　soldiers　bare　to
Demetrius；　and　went　to　Malchus　the　Arabian；　who　brought　up
Antiochus；　the　son　of　Alexander；　and　told　him　what　ill…will　the
army　bare　Demetrius；　and　persuaded　him　to　give　him　Antiochus；
because　he　would　make　him　king；　and　recover　to　him　the　kingdom　of
his　father。　Malchus　at　the　first　opposed　him　in　this　attempt；
because　he　could　not　believe　him；　but　when　Trypho　lay　hard　at　him
for　a　long　time；　he　over…persuaded　him　to　comply　with　Trypho's
intentions　and　entreaties。　And　this　was　the　state　Trypho　was　now
in。

2。　But　Jonathan　the　high　priest；　being　desirous　to　get　clear　of
those　that　were　in　the　citadel　of　Jerusalem；　and　of　the　Jewish
deserters；　and　wicked　men；　as　well　as　of　those　in　all　the
garrisons　in　the　country；　sent　presents　and　ambassadors　to
Demetrius；　and　entreated　him　to　take　away　his　soldiers　out　of　the
strong　holds　of　Judea。　Demetrius　made　answer；　that　after　the　war；
which　he　was　now　deeply　engaged　in；　was　over；　he　would　not　only
grant　him　that；　but　greater　things　than　that　also；　and　he　desired
he　would　send　him　some　assistance；　and　informed　him　that　his　army
had　deserted　him。　So　Jonathan　chose　out　three　thousand　of　his
soldiers；　and　sent　them　to　Demetrius。

3。　Now　the　people　of　Antioch　hated　Demetrius；　both　on　account　of
what　mischief　he　had　himself　done　them；　and　because　they　were　his
enemies　also　on　account　of　his　father　Demetrius；　who　had　greatly
abused　them；　so　they　watched　some　opportunity　which　they　might
lay　hold　on　to　fall　upon　him。　And　when　they　were　informed　of　the
assistance　that　was　coming　to　Demetrius　from　Jonathan；　and
considered　at　the　same　time　that　he　would　raise　a　numerous　army；
unless　they　prevented　him；　and　seized　upon　him；　they　took　their
weapons　immediately；　and　encompassed　his　palace　in　the　way　of　a
siege；　and　seizing　upon　all　the　ways　of　getting　out；　they　sought
to　subdue　their　king。　And　when　he　saw　that　the　people　of　Antioch
were　become　his　bitter　enemies　and　that　they　were　thus　in　arms；
he　took　the　mercenary　soldiers　which　he　had　with　them；　and　those
Jews　who　were　sent　by　Jonathan；　and　assaulted　the　Antiochians；
but　he　was　overpowered　by　them；　for　they　were　many　ten　thousands；
and　was　beaten。　But　when　the　Jews　saw　that　the　Antiochians　were
superior；　they　went　up　to　the　top　of　the　palace；　and　shot　at　them
from　thence；　and　because　they　were　so　remote　from　them　by　their
height；　that　they　suffered　nothing　on　their　side；　but　did　great
execution　on　the　others；　as　fighting　from　such　an　elevation；　they
drove　them　out　of　the　adjoining　houses；　and　immediately　set　them
on　fire；　whereupon　the　flame　spread　itself　over　the　whole　city；
and　burnt　it　all　down。　This　happened　by　reason　of　the　closeness
of　the　houses；　and　because　they　were　generally　built　of　wood。　So
the　Antioehians；　when　they　were　not　able　to　help　themselves；　nor
to　stop　the　fire；　were　put　to　flight。　And　as　the　Jews　leaped　from
the　top　of　one　house　to　the　top　of　another；　and　pursued　them
after　that　manner；　it　thence　happened　that　the　pursuit　was　so
very　surprising。　But　when　the　king　saw　that　the　Antiochians　were
were　busy　in　saving　their　children　and　their　wives；　and　so　did
not　fight　any　longer；　he　fell　upon　them　in　the　narrow　passages；
and　fought　them；　and　slew　a　great　many　of　them；　till　at　last　they
were　forced　to　throw　down　their　arms；　and　to　deliver　themselves
up　to　Demetrius。　So　he　forgave　them　this　their　insolent　behavior；
and　put　an　end　t