the antiquities of the jews-1-第155章

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had　newly　taken　the　city；　he　came　himself　hastily　into　Judea。　And
when　he　was　come　thither；　ambassadors　came　to　him；　both　from
Aristobulus　and　Hyrcanus；　and　both　desired　he　would　assist　them。
And　when　both　of　them　promised　to　give　him　money；　Aristobulus
four　hundred　talents；　and　Hyrcanus　no　less；　he　accepted　of
Aristobulus's　promise；　for　he　was　rich；　and　had　a　great　soul；　and
desired　to　obtain　nothing　but　what　was　moderate；　whereas　the
other　was　poor；　and　tenacious；　and　made　incredible　promises　in
hopes　of　greater　advantages；　for　it　was　not　the　same　thing　to
take　a　city　that　was　exceeding　strong　and　powerful；　as　it　was　to
eject　out　of　the　country　some　fugitives；　with　a　greater　number　of
Mabateans；　who　were　no　very　warlike　people。　He　therefore　made　an
agreement　with　Aristobulus；　for　the　reasons　before　mentioned；　and
took　his　money；　and　raised　the　siege；　and　ordered　Aretas　to
depart；　or　else　he　should　be　declared　an　enemy　to　the　Romans。　So
Scaurus　returned　to　Damascus　again；　and　Aristobulus；　with　a　great
army；　made　war　with　Aretas　and　Hyrcanus；　and　fought　them　at　a
place　called　Papyron；　and　beat　them　in　the　battle；　and　slew　about
six　thousand　of　the　enemy；　with　whom　fell　Phalion　also；　the
brother　of　Antipater。

CHAPTER　3。

How　Aristobulus　And　Hyrcanus　Came　To　Pompey　In　Order　To　Argue　Who
Ought　To　Have　The　Kingdom；　And　How　Upon　The　Plight　Of　Aristobulus
To　The　Fortress　Alexandrium　Pompey　Led　His　Army　Against　Him　And
Ordered　Him　To　Deliver　Up　The　Fortresses　Whereof　He　Was
Possessed。

1。　A　Little　afterward　Pompey　came　to　Damascus；　and　marched　over
Celesyria；　at　which　time　there　came　ambassadors　to　him　from　all
Syria；　and　Egypt；　and　out　of　Judea　also；　for　Aristobulus　had　sent
him　a　great　present；　which　was　a　golden　vine　（3）　of　the　value　of
five　hundred　talents。　Now　Strabo　of　Cappadocia　mentions　this
present　in　these　words：　〃There　came　also　an　embassage　out　of
Egypt；　and　a　crown　of　the　value　of　four　thousand　pieces　of　gold；
and　out　of　Judea　there　came　another；　whether　you　call　it　a　vine
or　a　garden；　they　call　the　thing　Terpole；　the　Delight。　However；
we　ourselves　saw　that　present　reposited　at　Rome；　in　the　temple　of
Jupiter　Capitolinus；　with　this　inscription；　'The　gift　of
Alexander；　the　king　of　the　Jews。'　It　was　valued　at　five　hundred
talents；　and　the　report　is；　that　Aristobulus；　the　governor　of　the
Jews；　sent　it。〃

2。　In　a　little　time　afterward　came　ambassadors　again　to　him；
Antipater　from　Hyrcanus；　and　Nicodemus　from　Aristobulus；　which
last　also　accused　such　as　had　taken　bribes；　first　Gabinius；　and
then　Scaurus；　…　the　one　three　hundred　talents；　and　the　other　four
hundred；　by　which　procedure　he　made　these　two　his　enemies；
besides　those　he　had　before。　And　when　Pompey　had　ordered　those
that　had　controversies　one　with　another　to　come　to　him　in　the
beginning　of　the　spring；　he　brought　his　army　out　of　their　winter
quarters；　and　marched　into　the　country　of　Damascus；　and　as　he
went　along　he　demolished　the　citadel　that　was　at　Apamia；　which
Antiochus　Cyzicenus　had　built；　and　took　cognizance　of　the　country
of　Ptolemy　Menneus；　a　wicked　man；　and　not　less　so　than　Dionysius
of　Tripoli；　who　had　been　beheaded；　who　was　also　his　relation　by
marriage；　yet　did　he　buy　off　the　punishment　of　his　crimes　for　a
thousand　talents；　with　which　money　Pompey　paid　the　soldiers　their
wages。　He　also　conquered　the　place　called　Lysias；　of　which　Silas
a　Jew　was　tyrant。　And　when　he　had　passed　over　the　cities　of
Heliopolis　and　Chalcis；　and　got　over　the　mountain　which　is　on　the
limit　of　Colesyria；　he　came　from　Pella　to　Damascus；　and　there　it
was　that　he　heard　the　causes　of　the　Jews；　and　of　their　governors
Hyrcanus　and　Aristobulus；　who　were　at　difference　one　with
another；　as　also　of　the　nation　against　them　both；　which　did　not
desire　to　be　under　kingly'　government；　because　the　form　of
government　they　received　from　their　forefathers　was　that　of
subjection　to　the　priests　of　that　God　whom　they　worshipped；　and
＇they　complained＇；　that　though　these　two　were　the　posterity　of
priests；　yet　did　they　seek　to　change　the　government　of　their
nation　to　another　form；　in　order　to　enslave　them。　Hyrcanus
complained；　that　although　he　were　the　elder　brother；　he　was
deprived　of　the　prerogative　of　his　birth　by　Aristobulus；　and　that
he　had　but　a　small　part　of　the　country　under　him；　Aristobulus
having　taken　away　the　rest　from　him　by　force。　He　also　accused
him；　that　the　incursions　which　had　been　made　into　their
neighbors'　countries；　and　the　piracies　that　had　been　at　sea；　were
owing　to　him；　and　that　the　nation　would　not　have　revolted；　unless
Aristobulus　had　been　a　man　given　to　violence　and　disorder；　and
there　were　no　fewer　than　a　thousand　Jews；　of　the　best　esteem
among　them；　who　confirmed　this　accusation；　which　confirmation　was
procured　by　Antipater。　But　Aristobulus　alleged　against　him；　that
it　was　Hyrcanus's　own　temper；　which　was　inactive；　and　on　that
account　contemptible；　which　caused　him　to　be　deprived　of　the
government；　and　that　for　himself；　he　was　necessitated　to　take　it
upon　him；　for　fear　lest　it　should　be　transferred　to　others。　And
that　as　to　his　title　＇of　king＇；　it　was　no　other　than　what　his
father　had　taken　＇before　him＇。　He　also　called　for　witnesses　of
what　he　said　some　persons　who　were　both　young　and　insolent；　whose
purple　garments；　fine　heads　of　hair；　and　other　ornaments；　were
detested　＇by　the　court＇；　and　which　they　appeared　in；　not　as
though　they　were　to　plead　their　cause　in　a　court　of　justice；　but
as　if　they　were　marching　in　a　pompous　procession。

3。　When　Pompey　had　heard　the　causes　of　these　two；　and　had
condemned　Aristobulus　for　his　violent　procedure；　he　then　spake
civilly　to　them；　and　sent　them　away；　and　told　them；　that　when　he
came　again　into　their　country；　he　would　settle　all　their　affairs；
after　he　had　first　taken　a　view　of　the　affairs　of　the　Nabateans。
In　the　mean　time；　he　ordered　them　to　be　quiet；　and　treated
Aristobulus　civilly；　lest　he　should　make　the　nation　revolt；　and
hinder　his　return；　which　yet　Aristobulus　did；　for　without
expecting　any　further　determination；　which　Pompey　had　promised
them；　he　went　to　the　city　Delius；　and　thence　marched　into　Judea。

4。　At　this　behavior　Pompey　was　angry；　and　taking　with　him　that
army　which　he　was　leading　against　the　Nabateans；　and　the
auxiliaries　that　came　from　Damascus；　and　the　other　parts　of
Syria；　with　the　other　Roman　legions　which　he　had　with　him；　he
made　an　expedition　against　Aristobulus；　but　as　he　passed　by　Pella
and　Scythopolis；　he　came　to　Corem；　which　is　the　first　entrance
into　Judea　when　one　passes　over　the　midland　countries；　where　he
came　to　a　most　beautiful　fortress　that　was　built　on　the　top　of　a
mountain　called　Alexandrium；　whither　Aristobulus　had　fled；　and
thence　Pompey　sent　his　commands　to　him；　that　he　should　come　to
him。　Accordingly；　at　the　persuasions　of　many　that　he　would　not
make　war　with　the　Romans；　he　came　down；　and　when　he　had　disputed
with　his　brother　about　the　right　to　the　government；　he　went　up
again　to　the　citadel；　as　Pompey　gave　him　leave　to　do；　and　this　he
did　two　or　three　times；　as　flattering　himself　with　the　hopes　of
having　the　kingdom　granted　him；　so　that　he　still　pretended　he
would　obey　Pompey　in　whatsoever　he　commanded；　although　at　the
same　time　he　retired　to　his　fortress；　that　he　might　not　depress
himself　too　low；　and　that　he　might　be　prepared　for　a　war；　in　case
it　should　prove　as　he　feared；　that　Pompey　would　transfer　the
government　to　Hyrcanus。　But　when　Pompey　enjoined　Aristobulus　to
deliver　up　the　fortresses　he　held；　and　to　send　an　injunction　to
their　governors　under　his　own　hand　for　that　purpose；　for　they　had
been　forbidden　to　deliver　them　up　upon　any　other　commands；　he
submitted　indeed　to　do　so；　but　still　he　retired　in　displeasure　to
Jerusalem；　and　made　preparation　for　war。　A　little　after　this；
certain　persons　came　out　of　Pontus；　and　informed　Pompey；　as　he
was　on　the　way；　and　conducting　his　army　against　Aristobulus；　that
Mithridates　was　dead；　and　was　slain　by　his　son　Pharmaces。

CHAPTER　4。

How　Pompey　When　The　Citizens　Of　Jerusalem　Shut　Their　Gates
Against　Him　Besieged　The　City　And　Took　It　By　Force；　As　Also　What
Other　Things　He　Did　In　Judea。

1。　Now　when　Pompey　had　pitched　his　camp　at　Jericho；　（where　the
palm　tree　grows；
and　that　balsam　which　is　an　ointment　of　all　the　most　precious；
which　upon　any　incision　made　in　the　wood　with　a　sharp　stone；
distills　out　thence　like　a　juice；）　（4）　he　marched　in　the　morning
to　Jerusalem。　Hereupon　Aristobulus　repented　of　what　he　was　doing；
and　came　to　Pompey；　had　＇promised　to＇　give　him　money；　and
received　him　into　Jerusalem；　and　desired　that　he　would　leave　off
the　war；　and　do　what　he　pleased　peaceably。　So　Pompey；　upon　his
entreaty；　forgave　him；　and　sent　Gabinius；　and　soldiers　with　him；
to　receive　the　money　and　the　city：　yet　was　no　part　of　this
performed；　but　Gabinius　came　back；　being　both　excluded　out　of　the
city；　and　receiving　none　of　the　money　promised；　because
Aristobulus's　soldiers　would　not　permit　the　agreements　to　be
executed。　At　this　Pompey　was　very　angry；　and　put　Aristobulus　into
prison；　and　came　himself　to　the　city；　which　was　strong　on　every
side；　excepting　the　north；　which　was　not　so　well　fortified；　for
there　was　a　broad　and　deep　ditch　that　encompassed　the　city　（5）
and　included　within　it　the　temple；　which　was　itself　encompassed
about　with　a　very　strong　stone　wall。

2。　Now　there　was　a　sedition　of　the　men　that　were　within　the　city；
who　did　not　agree　what　was　to　be　done　in　their　present
circumstances；　while　some　thought　it　best　to　deliver　up　the　city
to　Pompey；　but　Aristobulus's　party　exhorted　them　to　shut　the
gates；　because　he　was　kept　in　prison。　Now　these　prevented　the
others；　and　seized　upon　the　temple；　and　cut　off　the　bridge　which
reached　from　it　to　the　city；　and　prepared　themselves　to　abide　a
siege；　but　the　others　admitted　Pompey's　army　in；　and　delivered　up
both　the　city　and　the　king's　palace　to　him。　So　Pompey　sent　his
lieutenant　Piso　with　an　army；　and　placed　garrisons　both　in　the
city　and　in　the　palace；　to　secure　them；　and　fortified　the　houses
that　joined　to　the　temple；　and　all　those　which　were　more　distant
and　without　it。　And　in　the　first　place；　he　offered　terms　of
accommodation　to　those　within；　but　when　they　would　not　comply
with　what　was　desired；　he　encompassed　all　the　places　thereabout
with　a　wall；　wherein　Hyrcanus　did　gladly　assist　him　on　all
occasions；　but　Pompey　pitched　his　camp　within　＇the　wall＇；　on　the
north　part　of　the　temple；　where　it　was　most　practicable；　but　even
on　that　side　there　were　great　towers；　and　a　ditch　had　been　dug；
and　a　deep　valley　begirt　it　round　about；　for　on　the　parts　towards
the　city　were　precipices；　and　the　bridge　on　which　Pompey　had
gotten　in　was　broken　down。　However；　a　bank　was　raised；　day　by
day；　with　a　great　deal　of　labor；　while　the　Romans　cut　down
materials　for　it　from　the　places　round　about。　And　when　this　bank
was　sufficiently　raised；　and　the　ditch　filled　up；　though　but
poorly；　by　reason　of　its　immense　depth；　he　brought　his　mechanical
engines　and　battering…rams　from　Tyre；　and　placing　them　on　the
bank；　he　battered　the　temple　with　the　stones　that　were　thrown
against　it。　And　had　it　not　been　our　practice；　from　the　days　of
our　forefathers；　to　rest　on　the　seventh　day；