the antiquities of the jews-1-第202章

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who　took　with　her；　her　children；　and　many　of　her　kindred　were
with　her；　which　kindred　of　hers　went；　as　they　pretended；　to
assist　Archelaus　in　gaining　the　kingdom；　but　in　reality　to　oppose
him；　and　chiefly　to　make　loud　complaints　of　what　he　had　done　in
the　temple。　But　Sabinus；　Caesar's　steward　for　Syrian　affairs；　as
he　was　making　haste　into　Judea　to　preserve　Herod's　effects；　met
with　Archclaus　at　Caesarea；　but　Varus　（president　of　Syria）　came
at　that　time；　and　restrained　him　from　meddling　with　them；　for　he
was　there　as　sent　for　by　Archceaus；　by　the　means　of　Ptolemy。　And
Sabinus；　out　of　regard　to　Varus；　did　neither　seize　upon　any　of
the　castles　that　were　among　the　Jews；　nor　did　he　seal　up　the
treasures　in　them；　but　permitted　Archelaus　to　have　them；　until
Caesar　should　declare　his　resolution　about　them；　so　that；　upon
this　his　promise；　he　tarried　still　at　Cesarea。　But　after
Archelaus　was　sailed　for　Rome；　and　Varus　was　removed　to　Antioch；
Sabinus　went　to　Jerusalem；　and　seized　on　the　king's　palace。　He
also　sent　for　the　keepers　of　the　garrisons；　and　for　all　those
that　had　the　charge　of　Herod's　effects；　and　declared　publicly
that　he　should　require　them　to　give　an　account　of　what　they　had；
and　he　disposed　of　the　castles　in　the　manner　he　pleased；　but
those　who　kept　them　did　not　neglect　what　Archelaus　had　given　them
in　command；　but　continued　to　keep　all　things　in　the　manner　that
had　been　enjoined　them；　and　their　pretense　was；　that　they　kept
them　all　for　Caesar；

4。　At　the　same　time　also　did　Antipas；　another　of　Herod's　sons；
sail　to　Rome；　in　order　to　gain　the　government；　being　buoyed　up　by
Salome　with　promises　that　he　should　take　that　government；　and
that　he　was　a　much　honester　and　fitter　man　than　Archelaus　for
that　authority；　since　Herod　had；　in　his　former　testament；　deemed
him　the　worthiest　to　be　made　king；　which　ought　to　be　esteemed
more　valid　than　his　latter　testament。　Antipas　also　brought　with
him　his　mother；　and　Ptolemy　the　brother　of　Nicolaus；　one　that　had
been　Herod's　most　honored　friend；　and　was　now　zealous　for
Antipas；　but　it　was　Ireneus　the　orator；　and　one　who；　on　account
of　his　reputation　for　sagacity；　was　intrusted　with　the　affairs　of
the　kingdom；　who　most　of　all　encouraged　him　to　attempt　to　gain
the　kingdom；　by　whose　means　it　was；　that　when　some　advised　him　to
yield　to　Archelaus；　as　to　his　elder　brother；　and　who　had　been
declared　king　by　their　father's　last　will；　he　would　not　submit　so
to　do。　And　when　he　was　come　to　Rome；　all　his　relations　revolted
to　him；　not　out　of　their　good…will　to　him；　but　out　of　their
hatred　to　Archelaus；　though　indeed　they　were　most　of　all　desirous
of　gaining　their　liberty；　and　to　be　put　under　a　Roman　governor；
but　if　there　were　too　great　an　opposition　made　to　that；　they
thought　Antipas　preferable　to　Archelaus；　and　so　joined　with　him；
in　order　to　procure　the　kingdom　for　him。　Sabinus　also；　by
letters；　accused　Archelaus　to　Caesar。

5。　Now　when　Archelaus　had　sent　in　his　papers　to　Caesar；　wherein
he　pleaded　his　right　to。　the　kingdom；　and　his　father's　testament；
with　the　accounts　of　Herod's　money；　and　with　Ptolemy；　who　brought
Herod's　seal；　he　so　expected　the　event；　but　when　Caesar　had　read
these　papers；　and　Varus's　and　Sabinus's　letters；　with　the
accounts　of　the　money；　and　what　were　the　annual　incomes　of　the
kingdom；　and　understood　that　Antipas　had　also　sent　letters　to　lay
claim　to　the　kingdom；　he　summoned　his　friends　together；　to　know
their　opinions；　and　with　them　Caius；　the　son　of　Agrippa；　and　of
Julia　his　daughter；　whom　he　had　adopted；　and　took　him；　and　made
him　sit　first　of　all；　and　desired　such　as　pleased　to　speak　their
minds　about　the　affairs　now　before　them。　Now　Antipater；　Salome's
son；　a　very　subtle　orator；　and　a　bitter　enemy　to　Archelaus；　spake
first　to　this　purpose：　That　it　was　ridiculous　in　Archelaus　to
plead　now　to　have　the　kingdom　given　him；　since　he　had；　in
reality；　taken　already　the　power　over　it　to　himself；　before
Caesar　had　granted　it　to　him；　and　appealed　to　those　bold　actions
of　his；　in　destroying　so　many　at　the　Jewish　festival；　and　if　the
men　had　acted　unjustly；　it　was　but　fit　the　punishing　of　them
should　have　been　reserved　to　those　that　were　out　of　the　country；
but　had　the　power　to　punish　them；　and　not　been　executed　by　a　man
that；　if　he　pretended　to　be　a　king；　he　did　an　injury　to　Caesar；
by　usurping　that　authority　before　it　was　determined　for　him　by
Caesar；　but　if　he　owned　himself　to　be　a　private　person；　his　case
was　much　worse；　since　he　who　was　putting　in　for　the　kingdom　could
by　no　means　expect　to　have　that　power　granted　him；　of　which　he
had　already　deprived　Caesar　＇by　taking　it　to　himself＇。　He　also
touched　sharply　upon　him；　and　appealed　to　his　changing　the
commanders　in　the　army；　and　his　sitting　in　the　royal　throne
beforehand；　and　his　determination　of　law…suits；　all　done　as　if　he
were　no　other　than　a　king。　He　appealed　also　to　his　concessions　to
those　that　petitioned　him　on　a　public　account；　and　indeed　doing
such　things；　than　which　he　could　devise　no　greater　if　he　had　been
already　settled　in　the　kingdom　by　Caesar。　He　also　ascribed　to　him
the　releasing　of　the　prisoners　that　were　in　the　hippodrome；　and
many　other　things；　that　either　had　been　certainly　done　by　him；　or
were　believed　to　be　done；　and　easily　might　be　believed　to　have
been　done；　because　they　were　of　such　a　nature　as　to　be　usually
done　by　young　men；　and　by　such　as；　out　of　a　desire　of　ruling；
seize　upon　the　government　too　soon。　He　also　charged　him　with　his
neglect　of　the　funeral　mourning　for　his　father；　and　with　having
merry　meetings　the　very　night　in　which　he　died；　and　that　it　was
thence　the　multitude　took　the　handle　of　raising　a　tumult：　and　if
Archelaus　could　thus　requite　his　dead　father；　who　had　bestowed
such　benefits　upon　him；　and　bequeathed　such　great　things　to　him；
by　pretending　to　shed　tears　for　him　in　the　day　time；　like　an
actor　on　the　stage；　but　every　night　making　mirth　for　having
gotten　the　government；　he　would　appear　to　be　the　same　Archelaus
with　regard　to　Caesar；　if　he　granted　him　the　kingdom；　which　he
hath　been　to　his　father；　since　he　had　then　dancing　and　singing；
as　though　an　enemy　of　his　were　fallen；　and　not　as　though　a　man
were　carried　to　his　funeral；　that　was　so　nearly　related；　and　had
been　so　great　a　benefactor　to　him。　But　he　said　that　the　greatest
crime　of　all　was　this；　that　he　came　now　before　Caesar　to　obtain
the　government　by　his　grant；　while　he　had　before　acted　in　all
things　as　he　could　have　acted　if　Caesar　himself；　who　ruled　all；
had　fixed　him　firmly　in　the　government。　And　what　he　most
aggravated　in　his　pleading　was　the　slaughter　of　those　about　the
temple；　and　the　impiety　of　it；　as　done　at　the　festival；　and　how
they　were　slain　like　sacrifices　themselves；　some　of　whom　were
foreigners；　and　others　of　their　own　country；　till　the　temple　was
full　of　dead　bodies：　and　all　this　was　done；　not　by　an　alien；　but
by　one　who　pretended　to　the　lawful　title　of　a　king；　that　he　might
complete　the　wicked　tyranny　which　his　nature　prompted　him　to；　and
which　is　hated　by　all　men。　On　which　account　his　father　never　so
much　as　dreamed　of　making　him　his　successor　in　the　kingdom；　when
he　was　of　a　sound　mind；　because　he　knew　his　disposition；　and　in
his　former　and　more　authentic　testament；　he　appointed　his
antagonist　Antipas　to　succeed；　but　that　Archelaus　was　called　by
his　father　to　that　dignity　when　he　was　in　a　dying　condition；　both
of　body　and　mind；　while　Antipas　was　called　when　he　was　ripest　in
his　judgment；　and　of　such　strength　of　body　as　made　him　capable　of
managing　his　own　affairs：　and　if　his　father　had　the　like　notion
of　him　formerly　that　he　hath　now　showed；　yet　hath　he　given　a
sufficient　specimen　what　a　king　he　is　likely　to　be；　when　he　hath
＇in　effect＇　deprived　Caesar　of　that　power　of　disposing　of　the
kingdom；　which　he　justly　hath；　and　hath　not　abstained　from　making
a　terrible　slaughter　of　his　fellow　citizens　in　the　temple；　while
lie　was　but　a　private　person。

6。　So　when　Antipater　had　made　this　speech；　and　had　confirmed　what
he　had　said　by　producing　many　witnesses　from　among　Archelaus's
own　relations；　he　made　an　end　of　his　pleading。　Upon　which
Nicolaus　arose　up　to　plead　for　Archelaus；　and　said；　〃That　what
had　been　done　at　the　temple　was　rather　to　be　attributed　to　the
mind　of　those　that　had　been　killed；　than　to　the　authority　of
Archelaus；　for　that　those　who　were　the　authors　of　such　things　are
not　only　wicked　in　the　injuries　they　do　of　themselves；　but　in
forcing　sober　persons　to　avenge　themselves　upon　them。　Now　it　is
evident　that　what　these　did　in　way　of　opposition　was　done　under
pretense；　indeed；　against　Archelaus；　but　in　reality　against
Caesar　himself；　for　they；　after　an　injurious　manner；　attacked　and
slew　those　who　were　sent　by　Archelaus；　and　who　came　only　to　put　a
stop　to　their　doings。　They　had　no　regard；　either　to　God　or　to　the
festival；　whom　Antipater　yet　is　not　ashamed　to　patronize；　whether
it　be　out　of　his　indulgence　of　an　enmity　to　Archelaus；　or　out　of
his　hatred　of　virtue　and　justice。　For　as　to　those　who　begin　such
tumults；　and　first　set　about　such　unrighteous　actions；　they　are
the　men　who　force　those　that　punish　them　to　betake　themselves　to
arms　even　against　their　will。　So　that　Antipater　in　effect
ascribes　the　rest　of　what　was　done　to　all　those　who　were　of
counsel　to　the　accusers；　for　nothing　which　is　here　accused　of
injustice　has　been　done　but　what　was　derived　from　them　as　its
authors；　nor　are　those　things　evil　in　themselves；　but　so
represented　only　in　order　to　do　harm　to　Archelaus。　Such　is　these
men's　inclination　to　do　an　injury　to　a　man　that　is　of　their
kindred；　their　father's　benefactor；　and　familiarity　acquainted
with　them；　and　that　hath　ever　lived　in　friendship　with　them；　for
that；　as　to　this　testament；　it　was　made　by　the　king　when　he　was
of　a　sound　mind；　and　so　ought　to　be　of　more　authority　than　his
former　testament；　and　that　for　this　reason；　because　Caesar　is
therein　left　to　be　the　judge　and　disposer　of　all　therein
contained；　and　for　Caesar；　he　will　not；　to　be　sure；　at　all
imitate　the　unjust　proceedings　of　those　men；　who；　during　Herod's
whole　life；　had　on　all　occasions　been　joint　partakers　of　power
with　him；　and　yet　do　zealously　endeavor　to　injure　his
determination；　while　they　have　not　themselves　had　the　same　regard
to　their　kinsman　＇which　Archelaus　had＇。　Caesar　will　not　therefore
disannul　the　testament　of　a　man　whom　he　had　entirely　supported；
of　his　friend　and　confederate；　and　that　which　is　committed　to　him
in　trust　to　ratify；　nor　will　Caesar's　virtuous　and　upright
disposition；　which　is　known　and　uncontested　through　all　the
habitable　world；　imitate　the　wickedness　of　these　men　in
condemning　a　king　as　a　madman；　and　as　having　lost　his　reason；
while　he　hath　bequeathed　the　succession　to　a　good　son　of　his；　and
to　one　who　flies　to　Caesar's　upright　determination　for　refuge。
Nor　can　Herod　at　any　time　have　been　mistaken　in　his　judgment
about　a　successor；　while　he　showed　so　much　prudence　as　to　submit
all　to　Caesar's　determination。〃

7。　Now　when　Nicolaus　had　laid　these　things　before　Caesar；　he
ended　his　plea；　whereupon　Caesar　was　so　obliging　to　Archelaus；
that　he　raised　him　up　when　he　had　cast　himself　down　at　his　feet；
and　said　that　he　well　deserved　the　kingdom；　a