the antiquities of the jews-1-第235章

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that　what　he　had　already　done　was　not　to　be　justified；　nay；　some
of　them　went　also　to　meet　Albinus；　as　he　was　upon　his　journey
from　Alexandria；　and　informed　him　that　it　was　not　lawful　for
Ananus　to　assemble　a　sanhedrim　without　his　consent。　（24）
Whereupon　Albinus　complied　with　what　they　said；　and　wrote　in
anger　to　Ananus；　and　threatened　that　he　would　bring　him　to
punishment　for　what　he　had　done；　on　which　king　Agrippa　took　the
high　priesthood　from　him；　when　he　had　ruled　but　three　months；　and
made　Jesus；　the　son　of　Damneus；　high　priest。

2。　Now　as　soon　as　Albinus　was　come　to　the　city　of　Jerusalem；　he
used　all　his　endeavors　and　care　that　the　country　might　be　kept　in
peace；　and　this　by　destroying　many　of　the　Sicarii。　But　as　for　the
high　priest；　Ananias　（25）　he　increased　in　glory　every　day；　and
this　to　a　great　degree；　and　had　obtained　the　favor　and　esteem　of
the　citizens　in　a　signal　manner；　for　he　was　a　great　hoarder　up　of
money：　he　therefore　cultivated　the　friendship　of　Albinus；　and　of
the　high　priest　＇Jesus＇；　by　making　them　presents；　he　also　had
servants　who　were　very　wicked；　who　joined　themselves　to　the
boldest　sort　of　the　people；　and　went　to　the　thrashing…floors；　and
took　away　the　tithes　that　belonged　to　the　priests　by　violence；
and　did　not　refrain　from　beating　such　as　would　not　give　these
tithes　to　them。　So　the　other　high　priests　acted　in　the　like
manner；　as　did　those　his　servants；　without　any　one　being　able　to
prohibit　them；　so　that　＇some　of　the＇　priests；　that　of　old　were
wont　to　be　supported　with　those　tithes；　died　for　want　of　food。

3。　But　now　the　Sicarii　went　into　the　city　by　night；　just　before
the　festival；　which　was　now　at　hand；　and　took　the　scribe
belonging　to　the　governor　of　the　temple；　whose　name　was　Eleazar；
who　was　the　son　of　Ananus　＇Ananias＇　the　high　priest；　and　bound
him；　and　carried　him　away　with　them；　after　which　they　sent　to
Ananias；　and　said　that　they　would　send　the　scribe　to　him；　if　he
would　persuade　Albinus　to　release　ten　of　those　prisoners　which　he
had　caught　of　their　party；　so　Ananias　was　plainly　forced　to
persuade　Albinus；　and　gained　his　request　of　him。　This　was　the
beginning　of　greater　calamities；　for　the　robbers　perpetually
contrived　to　catch　some　of　Ananias's　servants；　and　when　they　had
taken　them　alive；　they　would　not　let　them　go；　till　they　thereby
recovered　some　of　their　own　Sicarii。　And　as　they　were　again
become　no　small　number；　they　grew　bold；　and　were　a　great
affliction　to　the　whole　country。

4。　About　this　time　it　was　that　king　Agrippa　built　Cesarea
Philippi　larger　than　it　was　before；　and；　in　honor　of　Nero；　named
it　Neronlas。　And　when　he　had　built　a　theater　at　Berytus；　with
vast　expenses；　he　bestowed　on　them　shows；　to　be　exhibited　every
year；　and　spent　therein　many　ten　thousand　＇drachmae＇；　he　also
gave　the　people　a　largess　of　corn；　and　distributed　oil　among
them；　and　adorned　the　entire　city　with　statues　of　his　own
donation；　and　with　original　images　made　by　ancient　hands；　nay；　he
almost　transferred　all　that　was　most　ornamental　in　his　own
kingdom　thither。　This　made　him　more　than　ordinarily　hated　by　his
subjects；　because　he　took　those　things　away　that　belonged　to　them
to　adorn　a　foreign　city。　And　now　Jesus；　the　son　of　Gamaliel；
became　the　successor　of　Jesus；　the　son　of　Damneus；　in　the　high
priesthood；　which　the　king　had　taken　from　the　other；　on　which
account　a　sedition　arose　between　the　high　priests；　with　regard　to
one　another；　for　they　got　together　bodies　of　the　boldest　sort　of
the　people；　and　frequently　came；　from　reproaches；　to　throwing　of
stones　at　each　other。　But　Ananias　was　too　hard　for　the　rest；　by
his　riches；　which　enabled　him　to　gain　those　that　were　most　ready
to　receive。　Costobarus　also；　and　Saulus；　did　themselves　get
together　a　multitude　of　wicked　wretches；　and　this　because　they
were　of　the　royal　family；　and　so　they　obtained　favor　among　them；
because　of　their　kindred　to　Agrippa；　but　still　they　used　violence
with　the　people；　and　were　very　ready　to　plunder　those　that　were
weaker　than　themselves。　And　from　that　time　it　principally　came　to
pass　that　our　city　was　greatly　disordered；　and　that　all　things
grew　worse　and　worse　among　us。

5。　But　when　Albinus　heard　that　Gessius　Florus　was　coming　to
succeed　him；　he　was　desirous　to　appear　to　do　somewhat　that　might
be　grateful　to　the　people　of　Jerusalem；　so　he　brought　out　all
those　prisoners　who　seemed　to　him　to　be　most　plainly　worthy　of
death；　and　ordered　them　to　be　put　to　death　accordingly。　But　as　to
those　who　had　been　put　into　prison　on　some　trifling　occasions；　he
took　money　of　them；　and　dismissed　them；　by　which　means　the
prisons　were　indeed　emptied；　but　the　country　was　filled　with
robbers。

6。　Now　as　many　of　the　Levites；　（26）　which　is　a　tribe　of　ours；　as
were　singers　of　hymns；　persuaded　the　king　to　assemble　a
sanhedrim；　and　to　give　them　leave　to　wear　linen　garments；　as　well
as　the　priests　for　they　said　that　this　would　be　a　work　worthy　the
times　of　his　government；　that　he　might　have　a　memorial　of　such　a
novelty；　as　being　his　doing。　Nor　did　they　fail　of　obtaining　their
desire；　for　the　king；　with　the　suffrages　of　those　that　came　into
the　sanhedrim；　granted　the　singers　of　hymns　this　privilege；　that
they　might　lay　aside　their　former　garments；　and　wear　such　a　linen
one　as　they　desired；　and　as　a　part　of　this　tribe　ministered　in
the　temple；　he　also　permitted　them　to　learn　those　hymns　as　they
had　besought　him　for。　Now　all　this　was　contrary　to　the　laws　of
our　country；　which；　whenever　they　have　been　transgressed；　we　have
never　been　able　to　avoid　the　punishment　of　such　transgressions。

7。　And　now　it　was　that　the　temple　was　finished。　So　when　the
people　saw　that　the　workmen　were　unemployed；　who　were　above
eighteen　thousand　and　that　they；　receiving　no　wages；　were　in　want
because　they　had　earned　their　bread　by　their　labors　about　the
temple；　and　while　they　were　unwilling　to　keep　by　them　the
treasures　that　were　there　deposited；　out　of　fear　of　＇their　being
carried　away　by＇　the　Romans；　and　while　they　had　a　regard　to　the
making　provision　for　the　workmen；　they　had　a　mind　to　expend　these
treasures　upon　them；　for　if　any　one　of　them　did　but　labor　for　a
single　hour；　he　received　his　pay　immediately；　so　they　persuaded
him　to　rebuild　the　eastern　cloisters。　These　cloisters　belonged　to
the　outer　court；　and　were　situated　in　a　deep　valley；　and　had
walls　that　reached　four　hundred　cubits　＇in　length＇；　and　were
built　of　square　and　very　white　stones；　the　length　of　each　of
which　stones　was　twenty　cubits；　and　their　height　six　cubits。　This
was　the　work　of　king　Solomon；　（27）　who　first　of　all　built　the
entire　temple。　But　king　Agrippa；　who　had　the　care　of　the　temple
committed　to　him　by　Claudius　Caesar；　considering　that　it　is　easy
to　demolish　any　building；　but　hard　to　build　it　up　again；　and　that
it　was　particularly　hard　to　do　it　to　these　cloisters；　which　would
require　a　considerable　time；　and　great　sums　of　money；　he　denied
the　petitioners　their　request　about　that　matter；　but　he　did　not
obstruct　them　when　they　desired　the　city　might　be　paved　with
white　stone。　He　also　deprived　Jesus；　the　son　of　Gamaliel；　of　the
high　priesthood；　and　gave　it　to　Matthias；　the　son　of　Theophilus；
under　whom　the　Jews'　war　with　the　Romans　took　its　beginning。

CHAPTER　10。

An　Enumeration　Of　The　High　Priests。

1。　And　now　I　think　it　proper　and　agreeable　to　this　history　to
give　an　account　of　our　high　priests；　how　they　began；　who　those
are　which　are　capable　of　that　dignity；　and　how　many　of　them　there
had　been　at　the　end　of　the　war。　In　the　first　place；　therefore；
history　informs　us　that　Aaron；　the　brother　of　Moses；　officiated
to　God　as　a　high　priest；　and　that；　after　his　death；　his　sons
succeeded　him　immediately；　and　that　this　dignity　hath　been
continued　down　from　them　all　to　their　posterity。　Whence　it　is　a
custom　of　our　country；　that　no　one　should　take　the　high
priesthood　of　God　but　he　who　is　of　the　blood　of　Aaron；　while
every　one　that　is　of　another　stock；　though　he　were　a　king；　can
never　obtain　that　high　priesthood。　Accordingly；　the　number　of　all
the　high　priests　from　Aaron；　of　whom　we　have　spoken　already；　as
of　the　first　of　them；　until　Phanas；　who　was　made　high　priest
during　the　war　by　the　seditious；　was　eighty…three；　of　whom
thirteen　officiated　as　high　priests　in　the　wilderness；　from　the
days　of　Moses；　while　the　tabernacle　was　standing；　until　the
people　came　into　Judea；　when　king　Solomon　erected　the　temple　to
God；　for　at　the　first　they　held　the　high　priesthood　till　the　end
of　their　life；　although　afterward　they　had　successors　while　they
were　alive。　Now　these　thirteen；　who　were　the　descendants　of　two
of　the　sons　of　Aaron；　received　this　dignity　by　succession；　one
after　another；　for　their　form　of　government　was　an　aristocracy；
and　after　that　a　monarchy；　and　in　the　third　place　the　government
was　regal　Now　the　number　of　years　during　the　rule　of　these
thirteen；　from　the　day　when　our　fathers　departed　out　of　Egypt；
under　Moses　their　leader；　until　the　building　of　that　temple　which
king　Solomon　erected　at　Jerusalem；　were　six　hundred　and　twelve。
After　those　thirteen　high　priests；　eighteen　took　the　high
priesthood　at　Jerusalem；　one　m　succession　to　another；　from　the
days　of　king　Solomon；　until　Nebuchadnezzar；　king　of　Babylon；　made
an　expedition　against　that　city；　and　burnt　the　temple；　and
removed　our　nation　into　Babylon；　and　then　took　Josadek；　the　high
priest；　captive；　the　times　of　these　high　priests　were　four
hundred　and　sixty…six　years；　six　months；　and　ten　days；　while　the
Jews　were　still　under　the　regal　government。　But　after　the　term　of
seventy　years'　captivity　under　the　Babylonians；　Cyrus；　king　of
Persia；　sent　the　Jews　from　Babylon　to　their　own　land　again；　and
gave　them　leave　to　rebuild　their　temple；　at　which　time　Jesus；　the
son　of　Josadek；　took　the　high　priesthood　over　the　captives　when
they　were　returned　home。　Now　he　and　his　posterity；　who　were　in
all　fifteen；　until　king　Antiochus　Eupator；　were　under　a
democratical　government　for　four　hundred　and　fourteen　years；　and
then　the　forementioned　Antiochus；　and　Lysias　the　general　of　his
army；　deprived　Onias；　who　was　also　called　Menelaus；　of　the　high
priesthood；　and　slew　him　at　Berea；　and　driving　away　the　son　＇of
Onias　the　third＇；　put　Jaeimus　into　the　place　of　the　high　priest；
one　that　was　indeed　of　the　stock　of　Aaron；　but　not　of　that　family
of　Onias。　On　which　account　Onias；　who　was　the　nephew　of　Onias
that　was　dead；　and　bore　the　same　name　with　his　father；　came　into
Egypt；　and　got　into　the　friendship　of　Ptolemy　Philometor；　and
Cleopatra　his　wife；　and　persuaded　them　to　make　him　the　high
priest　of　that　temple　which　he　built　to　God　in　the　prefecture　of
Heliopolis；　and　this　in　imitation　of　that　at　Jerusalem；　but　as
for　that　temple　which　was　built　in　Egypt；　we　have　spoken　of　it
frequently　already。　Now　when　Jacimus　had　retained　the　priesthood
three　years；　he　died；　and　there　was　no　one　that　succeeded　him；
but　the　city　continued　seven　years　without　a　high　priest。　But
then　the　posterity　of　the　sons　of　Asamoneus；　who　had　the
government　of　the　nation　conferred　upon　them；　when　they　had
beaten　the　Macedonians　in　war；　appointed　Jonathan　to　be　their
high　priest；　who　ruled　over　them　seven　years。　And　when　he　had
been　slain　by　the　treacherous