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by¡¡Benedict¡¡de¡¡Spinoza







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PART¡¡V£º¡¡¡¡Of¡¡the¡¡Power¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Understanding£»¡¡or¡¡of¡¡Human¡¡Freedom















PREFACE



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with¡¡the¡¡way¡¡leading¡¡to¡¡freedom¡£¡¡I¡¡shall¡¡therefore¡¡treat¡¡therein¡¡of¡¡the



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able¡¡to¡¡see£»¡¡how¡¡much¡¡more¡¡powerful¡¡the¡¡wise¡¡man¡¡is¡¡than¡¡the¡¡ignorant¡£



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AXIOMS¡£



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necessarily¡¡take¡¡place£»¡¡either¡¡in¡¡both£»¡¡or¡¡in¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡two£»¡¡and¡¡continue



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axiom¡¡is¡¡evident¡¡from¡¡III¡£vii¡££©











PROPOSITIONS¡£







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and¡¡associated¡¡in¡¡the¡¡mind£»¡¡so¡¡are¡¡the¡¡modifications¡¡of¡¡body¡¡or



the¡¡images¡¡of¡¡things¡¡precisely¡¡in¡¡the¡¡same¡¡way¡¡arranged¡¡and



associated¡¡in¡¡the¡¡body¡£







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is¡¡the¡¡same¡¡£¨II£ºvi¡£Coroll¡£¡¡and¡¡II£ºvii¡££©¡¡as¡¡the¡¡order¡¡and¡¡connection¡¡of



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takes¡¡place¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the¡¡order¡¡and¡¡association¡¡of¡¡modifications¡¡of¡¡the



body¡¡£¨II£ºxviii¡££©£»¡¡so¡¡vice¡¡versa¡¡£¨III£ºii¡££©¡¡the¡¡order¡¡and¡¡connection¡¡of



modifications¡¡of¡¡the¡¡body¡¡takes¡¡place¡¡in¡¡accordance¡¡with¡¡the¡¡manner£»¡¡in



which¡¡thoughts¡¡and¡¡the¡¡ideas¡¡of¡¡things¡¡are¡¡arranged¡¡and¡¡associated¡¡in¡¡the



mind¡£¡¡Q¡£E¡£D¡£











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from¡¡the¡¡thought¡¡of¡¡an¡¡external¡¡cause£»¡¡and¡¡unite¡¡it¡¡to¡¡other



thoughts£»¡¡then¡¡will¡¡the¡¡love¡¡or¡¡hatred¡¡towards¡¡that¡¡external¡¡cause£»



and¡¡also¡¡the¡¡vacillations¡¡of¡¡spirit¡¡which¡¡arise¡¡from¡¡these



emotions£»¡¡be¡¡destroyed¡£







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which¡¡arise¡¡therefrom¡¡are¡¡destroyed¡£¡¡Q¡£E¡£D¡£











Prop¡£III¡£¡¡An¡¡emotion£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡a¡¡passion£»¡¡ceases¡¡to¡¡be¡¡a



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given¡¡emotion£»¡¡that¡¡idea¡¡will¡¡only¡¡be¡¡distinguished¡¡from¡¡the¡¡emotion£»¡¡in¡¡so



far¡¡as¡¡it¡¡is¡¡referred¡¡to¡¡the¡¡mind¡¡only£»¡¡by¡¡reason¡¡£¨II£ºxxi¡££»&Note£©£»¡¡therefore



£¨III£ºiii¡££©£»¡¡the¡¡emotion¡¡will¡¡cease¡¡to¡¡be¡¡a¡¡passion¡£¡¡Q¡£E¡£D¡£







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us¡£











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