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found¡¡there¡¡three¡¡Americans£»¡¡who¡¡were¡¡residing¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡island¡¡to
prepare¡¡sealskins¡¡and¡¡oil¡£¡¡One¡¡of¡¡these¡¡men¡¡was¡¡named¡¡Jonathan
Lambert£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡called¡¡himself¡¡the¡¡sovereign¡¡of¡¡the¡¡country¡£¡¡He¡¡had
cleared¡¡and¡¡cultivated¡¡about¡¡sixty¡¡acres¡¡of¡¡land£»¡¡and¡¡turned¡¡his
attention¡¡to¡¡raising¡¡the¡¡coffee¡plant¡¡and¡¡sugar¡cane£»¡¡with¡¡which¡¡he
had¡¡been¡¡furnished¡¡by¡¡the¡¡American¡¡Minister¡¡at¡¡Rio¡¡Janeiro¡£¡¡This
settlement£»¡¡however£»¡¡was¡¡finally¡¡abandoned£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡1817¡¡the¡¡islands
were¡¡taken¡¡possession¡¡of¡¡by¡¡the¡¡British¡¡Government£»¡¡who¡¡sent¡¡a
detachment¡¡for¡¡that¡¡purpose¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Cape¡¡of¡¡Good¡¡Hope¡£¡¡They¡¡did¡¡not£»
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residence¡¡there¡¡independently¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Government¡£¡¡On¡¡the¡¡twenty¡fifth
of¡¡March£»¡¡1824£»¡¡the¡¡Berwick£»¡¡Captain¡¡Jeffrey£»¡¡from¡¡London¡¡to¡¡Van
Diemen's¡¡Land£»¡¡arrived¡¡at¡¡the¡¡place£»¡¡where¡¡they¡¡found¡¡an¡¡Englishman
of¡¡the¡¡name¡¡of¡¡Glass£»¡¡formerly¡¡a¡¡corporal¡¡in¡¡the¡¡British¡¡artillery¡£
He¡¡claimed¡¡to¡¡be¡¡supreme¡¡governor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡islands£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡under¡¡his
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sealskins¡¡and¡¡sea¡¡elephant¡¡oil£»¡¡with¡¡which¡¡they¡¡traded¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Cape¡¡of
Good¡¡Hope£»¡¡Glass¡¡owning¡¡a¡¡small¡¡schooner¡£¡¡At¡¡the¡¡period¡¡of¡¡our
arrival¡¡the¡¡governor¡¡was¡¡still¡¡a¡¡resident£»¡¡but¡¡his¡¡little¡¡community
had¡¡multiplied£»¡¡there¡¡being¡¡fifty¡six¡¡persons¡¡upon¡¡Tristan£»¡¡besides¡¡a
smaller¡¡settlement¡¡of¡¡seven¡¡on¡¡Nightingale¡¡Island¡£¡¡We¡¡had¡¡no
difficulty¡¡in¡¡procuring¡¡almost¡¡every¡¡kind¡¡of¡¡refreshment¡¡which¡¡we
required¡¡¡sheep£»¡¡hogs£»¡¡bullocks£»¡¡rabbits£»¡¡poultry£»¡¡goats£»¡¡fish¡¡in
great¡¡variety£»¡¡and¡¡vegetables¡¡were¡¡abundant¡£¡¡Having¡¡come¡¡to¡¡anchor
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wanted¡¡on¡¡board¡¡very¡¡conveniently¡£¡¡Captain¡¡Guy¡¡also¡¡purchased¡¡of
Glass¡¡five¡¡hundred¡¡sealskins¡¡and¡¡some¡¡ivory¡£¡¡We¡¡remained¡¡here¡¡a¡¡week£»
during¡¡which¡¡the¡¡prevailing¡¡winds¡¡were¡¡from¡¡the¡¡northward¡¡and
westward£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡weather¡¡somewhat¡¡hazy¡£¡¡On¡¡the¡¡fifth¡¡of¡¡November¡¡we
made¡¡sail¡¡to¡¡the¡¡southward¡¡and¡¡westward£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡intention¡¡of¡¡having
a¡¡thorough¡¡search¡¡for¡¡a¡¡group¡¡of¡¡islands¡¡called¡¡the¡¡Auroras£»
respecting¡¡whose¡¡existence¡¡a¡¡great¡¡diversity¡¡of¡¡opinion¡¡has¡¡existed¡£
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡These¡¡islands¡¡are¡¡said¡¡to¡¡have¡¡been¡¡discovered¡¡as¡¡early¡¡as¡¡1762£»
by¡¡the¡¡commander¡¡of¡¡the¡¡ship¡¡Aurora¡£¡¡In¡¡1790£»¡¡Captain¡¡Manuel¡¡de
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Hydrographical¡¡Society¡¡of¡¡Madrid¡¡in¡¡the¡¡year¡¡1809£»¡¡the¡¡following
language¡¡is¡¡used¡¡respecting¡¡this¡¡expedition£º¡¡¡¨The¡¡corvette¡¡Atrevida
practised£»¡¡in¡¡their¡¡immediate¡¡vicinity£»¡¡from¡¡the¡¡twenty¡first¡¡to¡¡the
twenty¡seventh¡¡of¡¡January£»¡¡all¡¡the¡¡necessary¡¡observations£»¡¡and
measured¡¡by¡¡chronometers¡¡the¡¡difference¡¡of¡¡longitude¡¡between¡¡these
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three£»¡¡they¡¡are¡¡very¡¡nearly¡¡in¡¡the¡¡same¡¡meridian£»¡¡the¡¡centre¡¡one¡¡is
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The¡¡observations¡¡made¡¡on¡¡board¡¡the¡¡Atrevida¡¡give¡¡the¡¡following
results¡¡as¡¡the¡¡precise¡¡situation¡¡of¡¡each¡¡island¡£¡¡The¡¡most¡¡northern¡¡is
in¡¡latitude¡¡52¡¡degrees¡¡37'¡¡24¡¨¡¡S¡££»¡¡longitude¡¡47¡¡degrees£»¡¡43'¡¡15¡¨¡¡W¡££»
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55'¡¡15¡¨¡¡W¡££»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡most¡¡southern¡¡in¡¡latitude¡¡53¡¡degrees¡¡15'¡¡22¡¨¡¡S¡££»
longitude¡¡47¡¡degrees¡¡57'¡¡15¡¨¡¡W¡£
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡On¡¡the¡¡twenty¡seventh¡¡of¡¡January£»¡¡1820£»¡¡Captain¡¡James¡¡Weddel£»¡¡of
the¡¡British¡¡navy£»¡¡sailed¡¡from¡¡Staten¡¡Land¡¡also¡¡in¡¡search¡¡of¡¡the
Auroras¡£¡¡He¡¡reports¡¡that£»¡¡having¡¡made¡¡the¡¡most¡¡diligent¡¡search¡¡and
passed¡¡not¡¡only¡¡immediately¡¡over¡¡the¡¡spots¡¡indicated¡¡by¡¡the¡¡commander
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these¡¡spots£»¡¡he¡¡could¡¡discover¡¡no¡¡indication¡¡of¡¡land¡£¡¡These
conflicting¡¡statements¡¡have¡¡induced¡¡other¡¡navigators¡¡to¡¡look¡¡out¡¡for
the¡¡islands£»¡¡and£»¡¡strange¡¡to¡¡say£»¡¡while¡¡some¡¡have¡¡sailed¡¡through
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seen¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡even¡¡been¡¡close¡¡in¡¡with¡¡their¡¡shores¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡Captain
Guy's¡¡intention¡¡to¡¡make¡¡every¡¡exertion¡¡within¡¡his¡¡power¡¡to¡¡settle¡¡the
question¡¡so¡¡oddly¡¡in¡¡dispute¡£¡¡£û*3£ý
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡kept¡¡on¡¡our¡¡course£»¡¡between¡¡the¡¡south¡¡and¡¡west£»¡¡with¡¡variable
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degrees¡¡58'¡¡W¡£¡¡¡that¡¡is¡¡to¡¡say£»¡¡very¡¡nearly¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡spot¡¡indicated
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any¡¡sip¡¡of¡¡land£»¡¡we¡¡continued¡¡to¡¡the¡¡westward¡¡of¡¡the¡¡parallel¡¡of
fifty¡three¡¡degrees¡¡south£»¡¡as¡¡far¡¡as¡¡the¡¡meridian¡¡of¡¡fifty¡¡degrees
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degrees¡¡south£»¡¡when¡¡we¡¡turned¡¡to¡¡the¡¡eastward£»¡¡and¡¡kept¡¡our¡¡parallel
by¡¡double¡¡altitudes£»¡¡morning¡¡and¡¡evening£»¡¡and¡¡meridian¡¡altitudes¡¡of
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the¡¡latitude¡¡from¡¡which¡¡we¡¡set¡¡out¡£¡¡We¡¡then¡¡took¡¡diagonal¡¡courses
throughout¡¡the¡¡entire¡¡extent¡¡of¡¡sea¡¡circumscribed£»¡¡keeping¡¡a¡¡lookout
constantly¡¡at¡¡the¡¡masthead£»¡¡and¡¡repeating¡¡our¡¡examination¡¡with¡¡the
greatest¡¡care¡¡for¡¡a¡¡period¡¡of¡¡three¡¡weeks£»¡¡during¡¡which¡¡the¡¡weather
was¡¡remarkably¡¡pleasant¡¡and¡¡fair£»¡¡with¡¡no¡¡haze¡¡whatsoever¡£¡¡Of¡¡course
we¡¡were¡¡thoroughly¡¡satisfied¡¡that£»¡¡whatever¡¡islands¡¡might¡¡have
existed¡¡in¡¡this¡¡vicinity¡¡at¡¡any¡¡former¡¡period£»¡¡no¡¡vestige¡¡of¡¡them
remained¡¡at¡¡the¡¡present¡¡day¡£¡¡Since¡¡my¡¡return¡¡home¡¡I¡¡find¡¡that¡¡the
same¡¡ground¡¡was¡¡traced¡¡over£»¡¡with¡¡equal¡¡care£»¡¡in¡¡1822£»¡¡by¡¡Captain
Johnson£»¡¡of¡¡the¡¡American¡¡schooner¡¡Henry£»¡¡and¡¡by¡¡Captain¡¡Morrell¡¡in
the¡¡American¡¡schooner¡¡Wasp¡¡¡in¡¡both¡¡cases¡¡with¡¡the¡¡same¡¡result¡¡as¡¡in
our¡¡own¡£
~~~¡¡End¡¡of¡¡Text¡¡of¡¡Chapter¡¡15¡¡~~~
CHAPTER¡¡16
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡had¡¡been¡¡Captain¡¡Guy's¡¡original¡¡intention£»¡¡after¡¡satisfying
himself¡¡about¡¡the¡¡Auroras£»¡¡to¡¡proceed¡¡through¡¡the¡¡Strait¡¡of¡¡Magellan£»
and¡¡up¡¡along¡¡the¡¡western¡¡coast¡¡of¡¡Patagonia£»¡¡but¡¡information¡¡received
at¡¡Tristan¡¡d'Acunha¡¡induced¡¡him¡¡to¡¡steer¡¡to¡¡the¡¡southward£»¡¡in¡¡the
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parallel¡¡of¡¡60¡¡degrees¡¡S¡££»¡¡longitude¡¡41¡¡degrees¡¡20'¡¡W¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡event
of¡¡his¡¡not¡¡discovering¡¡these¡¡lands£»¡¡he¡¡designed£»¡¡should¡¡the¡¡season
prove¡¡favourable£»¡¡to¡¡push¡¡on¡¡toward¡¡the¡¡pole¡£¡¡Accordingly£»¡¡on¡¡the
twelfth¡¡of¡¡December£»¡¡we¡¡made¡¡sail¡¡in¡¡that¡¡direction¡£¡¡On¡¡the
eighteenth¡¡we¡¡found¡¡ourselves¡¡about¡¡the¡¡station¡¡indicated¡¡by¡¡Glass£»
and¡¡cruised¡¡for¡¡three¡¡days¡¡in¡¡that¡¡neighborhood¡¡without¡¡finding¡¡any
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weather¡¡being¡¡unusually¡¡pleasant£»¡¡we¡¡again¡¡made¡¡sail¡¡to¡¡the
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as¡¡possible¡£¡¡Before¡¡entering¡¡upon¡¡this¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡my¡¡narrative£»¡¡it
may¡¡be¡¡as¡¡well£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡information¡¡of¡¡those¡¡readers¡¡who¡¡have¡¡paid
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southern¡¡pole¡¡which¡¡have¡¡hitherto¡¡been¡¡made¡£
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡That¡¡of¡¡Captain¡¡Cook¡¡was¡¡the¡¡first¡¡of¡¡which¡¡we¡¡have¡¡any¡¡distinct
account¡£¡¡In¡¡1772¡¡he¡¡sailed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡south¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Resolution£»
accompanied¡¡by¡¡Lieutenant¡¡Furneaux¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Adventure¡£¡¡In¡¡December¡¡he
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this¡¡land¡¡when¡¡his¡¡progress¡¡was¡¡arrested¡¡by¡¡the¡¡ice£»¡¡which£»¡¡we
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Alexander¡¡of¡¡Russia¡¡for¡¡the¡¡purpose¡¡of¡¡circumnavigating¡¡the¡¡globe¡£¡¡In
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