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第4章

concerning christian liberty-第4章

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his own eyes; he finds in himself no resource for justification 
and salvation。

Then comes in that other part of Scripture; the promises of God; 
which declare the glory of God; and say; 〃If you wish to fulfil 
the law; and; as the law requires; not to covet; lo! believe in 
Christ; in whom are promised to you grace; justification; peace; 
and liberty。〃 All these things you shall have; if you believe; 
and shall be without them if you do not believe。 For what is 
impossible for you by all the works of the law; which are many 
and yet useless; you shall fulfil in an easy and summary way 
through faith; because God the Father has made everything to 
depend on faith; so that whosoever has it has all things; and he 
who has it not has nothing。 〃For God hath concluded them all in 
unbelief; that He might have mercy upon all〃 (Rom。 xi。 32)。 Thus 
the promises of God give that which the precepts exact; and 
fulfil what the law commands; so that all is of God alone; both 
the precepts and their fulfilment。 He alone commands; He alone 
also fulfils。 Hence the promises of God belong to the New 
Testament; nay; are the New Testament。

Now; since these promises of God are words of holiness; truth; 
righteousness; liberty; and peace; and are full of universal 
goodness; the soul; which cleaves to them with a firm faith; is 
so united to them; nay; thoroughly absorbed by them; that it not 
only partakes in; but is penetrated and saturated by; all their 
virtues。 For if the touch of Christ was healing; how much more 
does that most tender spiritual touch; nay; absorption of the 
word; communicate to the soul all that belongs to the word! In 
this way therefore the soul; through faith alone; without works; 
is from the word of God justified; sanctified; endued with truth; 
peace; and liberty; and filled full with every good thing; and is 
truly made the child of God; as it is said; 〃To them gave He 
power to become the sons of God; even to them that believe on His 
name〃 (John i。 12)。

》From all this it is easy to understand why faith has such great 
power; and why no good works; nor even all good works put 
together; can compare with it; since no work can cleave to the 
word of God or be in the soul。 Faith alone and the word reign in 
it; and such as is the word; such is the soul made by it; just as 
iron exposed to fire glows like fire; on account of its union 
with the fire。 It is clear then that to a Christian man his faith 
suffices for everything; and that he has no need of works for 
justification。 But if he has no need of works; neither has he 
need of the law; and if he has no need of the law; he is 
certainly free from the law; and the saying is true; 〃The law is 
not made for a righteous man〃 (1 Tim。 i。 9)。 This is that 
Christian liberty; our faith; the effect of which is; not that we 
should be careless or lead a bad life; but that no one should 
need the law or works for justification and salvation。

Let us consider this as the first virtue of faith; and let us 
look also to the second。 This also is an office of faith: that it 
honours with the utmost veneration and the highest reputation Him 
in whom it believes; inasmuch as it holds Him to be truthful and 
worthy of belief。 For there is no honour like that reputation of 
truth and righteousness with which we honour Him in whom we 
believe。 What higher credit can we attribute to any one than 
truth and righteousness; and absolute goodness? On the other 
hand; it is the greatest insult to brand any one with the 
reputation of falsehood and unrighteousness; or to suspect him of 
these; as we do when we disbelieve him。

Thus the soul; in firmly believing the promises of God; holds Him 
to be true and righteous; and it can attribute to God no higher 
glory than the credit of being so。 The highest worship of God is 
to ascribe to Him truth; righteousness; and whatever qualities we 
must ascribe to one in whom we believe。 In doing this the soul 
shows itself prepared to do His whole will; in doing this it 
hallows His name; and gives itself up to be dealt with as it may 
please God。 For it cleaves to His promises; and never doubts that 
He is true; just; and wise; and will do; dispose; and provide for 
all things in the best way。 Is not such a soul; in this its 
faith; most obedient to God in all things? What commandment does 
there remain which has not been amply fulfilled by such an 
obedience? What fulfilment can be more full than universal 
obedience? Now this is not accomplished by works; but by faith 
alone。

On the other hand; what greater rebellion; impiety; or insult to 
God can there be; than not to believe His promises? What else is 
this; than either to make God a liar; or to doubt His truththat 
is; to attribute truth to ourselves; but to God falsehood and 
levity? In doing this; is not a man denying God and setting 
himself up as an idol in his own heart? What then can works; done 
in such a state of impiety; profit us; were they even angelic or 
apostolic works? Rightly hath God shut up all; not in wrath nor 
in lust; but in unbelief; in order that those who pretend that 
they are fulfilling the law by works of purity and benevolence 
(which are social and human virtues) may not presume that they 
will therefore be saved; but; being included in the sin of 
unbelief; may either seek mercy; or be justly condemned。

But when God sees that truth is ascribed to Him; and that in the 
faith of our hearts He is honoured with all the honour of which 
He is worthy; then in return He honours us on account of that 
faith; attributing to us truth and righteousness。 For faith does 
truth and righteousness in rendering to God what is His; and 
therefore in return God gives glory to our righteousness。 It is 
true and righteous that God is true and righteous; and to confess 
this and ascribe these attributes to Him; this it is to be true 
and righteous。 Thus He says; 〃Them that honour Me I will honour; 
and they that despise Me shall be lightly esteemed〃 (1 Sam。 ii。 
30)。 And so Paul says that Abraham's faith was imputed to him for 
righteousness; because by it he gave glory to God; and that to us 
also; for the same reason; it shall be imputed for righteousness; 
if we believe (Rom。 iv。)。

The third incomparable grace of faith is this: that it unites the 
soul to Christ; as the wife to the husband; by which mystery; as 
the Apostle teaches; Christ and the soul are made one flesh。 Now 
if they are one flesh; and if a true marriagenay; by far the 
most perfect of all marriagesis accomplished between them (for 
human marriages are but feeble types of this one great marriage); 
then it follows that all they have becomes theirs in common; as 
well good things as evil things; so that whatsoever Christ 
possesses; that the believing soul may take to itself and boast 
of as its own; and whatever belongs to the soul; that Christ 
claims as His。

If we compare these possessions; we shall see how inestimable is 
the gain。 Christ is full of grace; life; and salvation; the soul 
is full of sin; death; and condemnation。 Let faith step in; and 
then sin; death; and hell will belong to Christ; and grace; life; 
and salvation to the soul。 For; if He is a Husband; He must needs 
take to Himself that which is His wife's; and at the same time; 
impart to His wife that which is His。 For; in giving her His own 
body and Himself; how can He but give her all that is His? And; 
in taking to Himself the body of His wife; how can He but take to 
Himself all that is hers?

In this is displayed the delightful sight; not only of communion; 
but of a prosperous warfare; of victory; salvation; and 
redemption。 For; since Christ is God and man; and is such a 
Person as neither has sinned; nor dies; nor is condemned; nay; 
cannot sin; die; or be condemned; and since His righteousness; 
life; and salvation are invincible; eternal; and almighty;when 
I say; such a Person; by the wedding…ring of faith; takes a share 
in the sins; death; and hell of His wife; nay; makes them His 
own; and deals with them no otherwise than as if they were His; 
and as if He Himself had sinned; and when He suffers; dies; and 
descends to hell; that He may overcome all things; and since sin; 
death; and hell cannot swallow Him up; they must needs be 
swallowed up by Him in stupendous conflict。 For His righteousness 
rises above the sins of all men; His life is more powerful than 
all death; His salvation is more unconquerable than all hell。

Thus the believing soul; by the pledge of its faith in Christ; 
becomes free from all sin; fearless of death; safe from hell; and 
endowed with the eternal righteousness; life; and salvation of 
its Husband Christ。 Thus He presents to Himself a glorious bride; 
without spot or wrinkle; cleansing her with the washing of water 
by the word; that is; by faith in the word of life; 
righteousness; and salvation。 Thus He betrothes her unto Himself 
〃in faithfulness; in righteousness; and in judgment; and in 
lovingkindness; and in mercies〃 (Hosea ii。 19; 20)。

Who then can value highly enough these royal nuptials? Who can 
comprehend the riches of the glory of this grace? Christ; that 
rich and pious Husband; takes as a wife a needy and impious 
harlot; redeeming her from all her evils and supplying her with 
all His good things。 It is impossible now that her sins should 
destroy her; since they have been laid upon Christ and swallowed 
up in Him; and since she has in her Husband Christ a 
righteousness which she may claim as her own; and which she can 
set up with confidence against all her sins; against death and 
hell; saying; 〃If I have sinned; my Christ; in whom I believe; 
has not sinned; all mine is His; and all His is mine;〃 as it is 
written; 〃My beloved is mine; and I am His〃 (Cant。 ii。 16)。 This 
is what Paul says: 〃Thanks be to God; which giveth us the victory 
through our Lord Jesus Christ;〃 victory over sin and death; as he 
says; 〃The sting of death is sin; and the strength of sin is the 
law〃 (1 Cor。 xv。 56; 57)。

》From all this you will again understand why so much importance is 
attributed to faith; so that it alone can fulfil the law and 
justify without any works。 For you see that the First 
Commandment; which says; 〃Thou shalt worship one God only;〃 is 
fulfilled by faith alone。 If you were nothing but good works from 
the soles of your feet to the crown of your head; you would not 
be worshipping God; nor fulfilling the First Commandment; since 
it is impossible to worship God without ascribing to Him the 
glory of truth and of universal goodness; as it ought in truth to 
be ascribed。 Now this is not done by works; but only by faith of 
heart。 It is not by working; but by believing; that we glorify 
God; and confess Him to be true。 On this ground faith alone is 
the righteousness of a Christian man; and the fulfilling of all 
the commandments。 For to him who fulfils the first the task of 
fulfilling all the rest is easy。

Works; since they are irrational things; cannot glorify God; 
although they may be done to the glory of God; if faith be 
present。 But at present we are inquiring; not into the quality of 
the works

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